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    • 5. 发明授权
    • Electrochromic metal oxides
    • 电致变色金属氧化物
    • US6165388A
    • 2000-12-26
    • US257156
    • 1999-02-24
    • James Patrick Coleman
    • James Patrick Coleman
    • G02F1/15C01G19/02C09K9/00C09K9/02H01B1/08G02F1/153
    • C09K9/02C09K9/00G02F1/1523H01B1/08
    • Tin oxide doped with an electrochemically effective amount of a metal, e.g., antimony or niobium, which provides a color change when the doped tin oxide is exposed to an electrochemical potential in the presence of mobile ions. Particles of electrochromic doped tin oxide, e.g., coated on a white or pastel pigment substrate, have a contrast ratio greater than 1.2, where contrast ratio is a measure of electrochromic functionality of a material and is the ratio of reflectance of the material in an oxidized state to the color of the material in a reduced state and where color is a photodiode measurement of the value of light reflected off the oxidized or reduced material from a constant source of light shining on the material. Such doped tin oxide-containing particles are useful as electrochromic material in display devices, and may be employed in display devices that advantageously exhibit a linear or nearly linear relationship between stored electrical charge and voltage, and which also exhibit linear or nearly linear optical characteristics as a function of voltage. Electrochromically active materials made from metal oxides and doped with substances other than antimony and niobium have also been found with high contrast ratios. These additional doped materials may be substituted for electrochromically active antimony-doped tin oxide in electrochromic displays.
    • 掺杂有电化学有效量的金属(例如锑或铌)的氧化锡,当掺杂的氧化锡在存在移动离子的情况下暴露于电化学电位时,其提供颜色变化。 电致变色掺杂氧化锡的颗粒,例如涂覆在白色或粉彩色素基材上,具有大于1.2的对比度,其中对比度是材料的电致变色功能的量度,并且是氧化的材料的反射率 状态为材料的颜色处于降低状态,并且其中颜色是从照射在材料上的恒定光源从被氧化或还原的材料反射的光的值的光电二极管测量值。 这种掺杂的含氧化锡的颗粒可用作显示装置中的电致变色材料,并且可用于有利地在存储的电荷和电压之间呈现线性或近似线性关系的显示装置中,并且还显示线性或近似线性的光学特性,如 电压的功能。 还发现由金属氧化物制成并且掺杂有锑和铌以外的物质的电致变色活性物质具有高对比度。 这些附加的掺杂材料可以用于电致变色显示器中的电致变色锑掺杂氧化锡。
    • 6. 发明申请
    • SKIN AND FLESH SIMULATION USING FINITE ELEMENTS, BIPHASIC MATERIALS, AND REST STATE RETARGETING
    • 使用有限元素,双组份材料和休闲状态返回的皮肤和花瓣模拟
    • US20140002463A1
    • 2014-01-02
    • US13843923
    • 2013-03-15
    • Ryan KAUTZMANJiayi CHONGPatrick COLEMAN
    • Ryan KAUTZMANJiayi CHONGPatrick COLEMAN
    • G06T13/40
    • G06T13/40G06F17/5018
    • The movement of skin on an animated target, such as a character or other object, is simulated via a simulation software application. The software application creates a finite element model (FEM) comprising a plurality of finite elements based on an animated target. The software application attaches a first constraint force to a node associated with a first finite element in the plurality of finite elements. The software application attaches a second constraint force to the node. The software application detects a movement of the first finite element that results in a corresponding movement of the node. The software application determines a new position for the node based on the movement of at least one of the first finite element, the first constraint force, and the second constraint force.
    • 通过仿真软件应用程序模拟动画对象(如角色或其他对象)上的皮肤运动。 软件应用程序创建包括基于动画目标的多个有限元素的有限元模型(FEM)。 软件应用程序将第一约束力附加到与多个有限元中的第一有限元相关联的节点。 软件应用程序将第二个约束力附加到该节点。 软件应用程序检测导致节点的相应移动的第一有限元件的移动。 软件应用程序基于第一有限元件,第一约束力和第二约束力中的至少一个的移动来确定节点的新位置。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • Electrochromic metal oxides
    • US5876633A
    • 1999-03-02
    • US721506
    • 1996-09-26
    • James Patrick Coleman
    • James Patrick Coleman
    • G02F1/15C01G19/02C09K9/00C09K9/02H01B1/08
    • C09K9/02C09K9/00G02F1/1523H01B1/08
    • Tin oxide doped with an electrochemically effective amount of a metal, e.g., antimony or niobium, which provides a color change when the doped tin oxide is exposed to an electrochemical potential in the presence of mobile ions. Particles of electrochromic doped tin oxide, e.g., coated on a white or pastel pigment substrate, have a contrast ratio greater than 1.2, where contrast ratio is a measure of electrochromic functionality of a material and is the ratio of reflectance of the material in an oxidized state to the color of the material in a reduced state and where color is a photodiode measurement of the value of light reflected off the oxidized or reduced material from a constant source of light shining on the material. Such doped tin oxide-containing particles are useful as electrochromic material in display devices, and may be employed in display devices that advantageously exhibit a linear or nearly linear relationship between stored electrical charge and voltage, and which also exhibit linear or nearly linear optical characteristics as a function of voltage. Electrochromically active materials made from metal oxides and doped with substances other than antimony and niobium have also been found with high contrast ratios. These additional doped materials may be substituted for electrochromically active antimony-doped tin oxide in electrochromic displays.
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Skin and flesh simulation using finite elements, biphasic materials, and rest state retargeting
    • 使用有限元素,双相材料和休息状态重新定位的皮肤和肉体模拟
    • US09251618B2
    • 2016-02-02
    • US13843923
    • 2013-03-15
    • Ryan KautzmanJiayi ChongPatrick Coleman
    • Ryan KautzmanJiayi ChongPatrick Coleman
    • G06T13/40G06F17/50
    • G06T13/40G06F17/5018
    • The movement of skin on an animated target, such as a character or other object, is simulated via a simulation software application. The software application creates a finite element model (FEM) comprising a plurality of finite elements based on an animated target. The software application attaches a first constraint force to a node associated with a first finite element in the plurality of finite elements. The software application attaches a second constraint force to the node. The software application detects a movement of the first finite element that results in a corresponding movement of the node. The software application determines a new position for the node based on the movement of at least one of the first finite element, the first constraint force, and the second constraint force.
    • 通过仿真软件应用程序模拟动画对象(如角色或其他对象)上的皮肤运动。 软件应用程序创建包括基于动画目标的多个有限元素的有限元模型(FEM)。 软件应用程序将第一约束力附加到与多个有限元中的第一有限元相关联的节点。 软件应用程序将第二个约束力附加到该节点。 软件应用程序检测导致节点的相应移动的第一有限元件的移动。 软件应用程序基于第一有限元件,第一约束力和第二约束力中的至少一个的移动来确定节点的新位置。