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1. 发明授权

US07631309B2 Methods and system for managing computational resources of a coprocessor in a computing system 有权
标题翻译：用于管理计算系统中协处理器的计算资源的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US07631309B2
公开(公告)日：2009-12-08
申请号：US11670226
申请日：2007-02-01
申请人： Nicholas P. Wilt , Sameer A. Nene , Joseph S. Beda, III
发明人： Nicholas P. Wilt , Sameer A. Nene , Joseph S. Beda, III
IPC分类号： G06F9/46 , G06F9/44 , G06F9/45 , G06F3/00
CPC分类号： G06F9/4843 , G06F9/3851 , G06F9/3879
摘要： The management of computational resources of coprocessors to facilitate efficient execution of multiple applications in a multitasking environment is accomplished by enabling multiple threads of execution to compose command buffers in parallel, submitting those command buffers for scheduling and dispatch by the operating system, and fielding interrupts that notify of completion of command buffers, the system enables multiple applications to efficiently share the computational resources available in the system.
摘要翻译：协调处理器的计算资源的管理以促进多任务环境中的多个应用程序的有效执行是通过使多个执行线程并行地组成命令缓冲器，提交用于由操作系统进行调度和调度的那些命令缓冲器来实现的，并且中断通知命令缓冲区的完成，系统使多个应用程序有效地共享系统中可用的计算资源。

2. 发明授权

US07239324B2 Methods and systems for merging graphics for display on a computing device 有权
标题翻译：用于合并图形以在计算设备上显示的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US07239324B2
公开(公告)日：2007-07-03
申请号：US10077568
申请日：2002-02-15
申请人： Nicholas P. Wilt , Stephen J. Estrop , Colin D. McCartney
发明人： Nicholas P. Wilt , Stephen J. Estrop , Colin D. McCartney
IPC分类号： G06F13/00
CPC分类号： G09G5/14 , G09G5/393 , G09G5/397 , G09G5/399 , G09G2320/103 , G09G2340/0407 , G09G2340/10 , G09G2340/12 , G09G2340/125
摘要： Disclosed are methods and systems that allow video applications to merge their outputs for display and to transform the outputs of other applications before display. A graphics arbiter tells applications the estimated time when the next frame will be displayed on a display screen. Applications tailor their output to the estimated display time. When output from a first application is incorporated into a scene produced by a second application, the graphics arbiter “offsets” the estimated display time it gives to the first application in order to compensate for the latency caused by the second application's processing of the first application's output. A set of overlay buffers parallels the traditional buffers used to prepare frames for the display screen. In composing a frame, the screen merges video information from a traditional buffer with that from an overlay buffer, conserving display resources at the final point in the display composition process.
摘要翻译：公开了允许视频应用将其输出合并以进行显示并在显示之前转换其他应用的输出的方法和系统。图形仲裁器告诉应用程序在显示屏幕上显示下一帧的估计时间。应用程序将其输出定制到估计的显示时间。当从第一应用的输出被并入由第二应用产生的场景中时，图形仲裁器将“给予第一应用的估计显示时间”“偏移”以补偿由第二应用处理第一应用的输出。一组覆盖缓冲区与用于为显示屏幕准备帧的传统缓冲区相平行。在组合帧时，屏幕将来自传统缓冲器的视频信息与来自叠加缓冲区的视频信息合并，从而在显示组合过程的最终点节省显示资源。

3. 发明授权

US07234144B2 Methods and system for managing computational resources of a coprocessor in a computing system 有权
标题翻译：用于管理计算系统中协处理器的计算资源的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US07234144B2
公开(公告)日：2007-06-19
申请号：US10039036
申请日：2002-01-04
申请人： Nicholas P. Wilt , Sameer A. Nene , Joseph S. Beda, III
发明人： Nicholas P. Wilt , Sameer A. Nene , Joseph S. Beda, III
IPC分类号： G06F9/50 , G06F9/44 , G06F9/45 , G06F3/00 , G06F15/163
CPC分类号： G06F9/4843 , G06F9/3851 , G06F9/3879
摘要： Systems and methods are provided for managing the computational resources of coprocessor(s), such as graphics processor(s), in a computing system. The systems and methods illustrate management of computational resources of coprocessors to facilitate efficient execution of multiple applications in a multitasking environment. By enabling multiple threads of execution to compose command buffers in parallel, submitting those command buffers for scheduling and dispatch by the operating system, and fielding interrupts that notify of completion of command buffers, the system enables multiple applications to efficiently share the computational resources available in the system.
摘要翻译：提供了系统和方法来管理计算系统中的协处理器（诸如图形处理器）的计算资源。系统和方法说明了协处理器的计算资源的管理，以便于在多任务环境中有效执行多个应用程序。通过使多个执行线程并行组成命令缓冲区，提交由操作系统调度和分派的那些命令缓冲区，以及通知命令缓冲区完成的中断，系统使多个应用程序能够有效地共享可用的计算资源系统。

4. 发明授权

US07203310B2 Methods and systems for cryptographically protecting secure content 有权
标题翻译：用于密码保护安全内容的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US07203310B2
公开(公告)日：2007-04-10
申请号：US10124922
申请日：2002-04-18
申请人： Paul England , Marcus Peinado , Nicholas P. Wilt
发明人： Paul England , Marcus Peinado , Nicholas P. Wilt
IPC分类号： H04N7/167
CPC分类号： G06F21/83 , G06F21/64 , G06F21/79
摘要： Methods and systems are provided for cryptographically protecting secure content in connection with a graphics subsystem of a computing device. Techniques are implemented to encrypt the contents of video memory so that unauthorized software cannot gain meaningful access to it, thereby maintaining confidentiality. Moreover, a mechanism for tamper detection is provided so that there is awareness when data has been altered in some fashion, thereby maintaining integrity. In various embodiments, the contents of overlay surfaces and/or command buffers are encrypted, and/or the GPU is able to operate on encrypted content while preventing its availability to untrusted parties, devices or software.
摘要翻译：提供了与计算设备的图形子系统相关联地加密地保护安全内容的方法和系统。实现技术来加密视频存储器的内容，使得未经授权的软件不能获得对其的有意义的访问，从而保持机密性。此外，提供用于篡改检测的机制，使得当数据以某种方式被改变时，意识到，从而保持完整性。在各种实施例中，覆盖表面和/或命令缓冲器的内容被加密，和/或GPU能够对加密内容进行操作，同时防止其对不信任方，设备或软件的可用性。

5. 发明授权

US07188047B2 System and methods for providing histogram computation in a high precision rasterization data pipeline 失效
标题翻译：在高精度光栅化数据流水线中提供直方图计算的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07188047B2
公开(公告)日：2007-03-06
申请号：US11209954
申请日：2005-08-23
申请人： Nicholas P. Wilt
发明人： Nicholas P. Wilt
IPC分类号： G06F15/00
CPC分类号： G06T5/40 , G06T15/00
摘要： A system and methods for implementing histogram computation, for example, into the rasterization pipeline of a 3-D graphics system, are provided. With the histogram computation mechanism, statistical histogram data may be generated for input data of any kind or retrieved from any source that may be specified in a 2-D array or specified in an immediate fashion to specialized data processing hardware. Depending on the nature of the input data, the data may be filtered before passing the data to data processing hardware for further processing. The data processing hardware may then apply an additional function to the input data set before calculation of the histogram data. Then, at some point, the data processing hardware may apply a function to the data to map the derived data to a real-valued function that can then be quantized to a histogram element in the range specified from zero to the number of histogram elements minus one. The corresponding element in this histogram is then incremented according to the data received as it passes through the graphics processor. Advantageously, relatively expensive host computing resources are conserved, and developers are insulated from the tedious details required of implementing histogram computation from the ground up each time it becomes desirable to compute histogram data in connection with an application.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于实现直方图计算的系统和方法，例如，进入3-D图形系统的光栅化管线。利用直方图计算机制，可以生成用于任何类型的输入数据的统计直方图数据，或者可以从二维数组中指定或者以专门的数据处理硬件的方式指定的任何源中检索统计直方图数据。根据输入数据的性质，在将数据传送到数据处理硬件进行进一步处理之前，可以对数据进行滤波。然后，数据处理硬件可以在计算直方图数据之前对输入数据集应用附加功能。然后，在某些时刻，数据处理硬件可以将数据应用于数据，以将导出的数据映射到实值函数，然后可以将其量化为从零到直方图元素数减去的范围内的直方图元素一。然后，该直方图中的相应元素根据在其通过图形处理器时接收的数据而递增。有利地，节省相对昂贵的主机计算资源，并且开发人员与每次希望结合应用计算直方图数据时从头开始执行直方图计算所需的繁琐细节绝对不同。

6. 发明授权

US06919900B2 Methods and systems for preparing graphics for display on a computing device 有权
标题翻译：用于制备用于在计算设备上显示的图形的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US06919900B2
公开(公告)日：2005-07-19
申请号：US10074201
申请日：2002-02-12
申请人： Nicholas P. Wilt
发明人： Nicholas P. Wilt
IPC分类号： G09G5/14 , G09G5/393 , G09G5/399 , G06F13/18
CPC分类号： G09G5/14 , G09G5/393 , G09G5/399 , G09G2320/103 , G09G2340/0407 , G09G2340/10 , G09G2340/12 , G09G2340/125
摘要： Disclosed are methods and systems for interfaces between video applications and display screens that allow applications to intelligently use display resources of their host device without tying themselves too closely to operational particulars of that host. Video applications (1) receive information about the display environment from a graphics arbiter, (2) use that information to prepare their video output, and (3) send their output to the graphics arbiter which efficiently presents that output to the display screen. The graphics arbiter tells applications the estimated time when the next frame will be displayed on the screen. Applications tailor their output to the estimated display time, thus improving output quality while decreasing resource waste by avoiding the production of “extra” frames. The graphics arbiter tells an application when its output is fully or partially occluded so that the application need not expend resources to draw portions of frames that are not visible.
摘要翻译：公开了用于视频应用和显示屏幕之间的接口的方法和系统，其允许应用程序智能地使用其主机设备的显示资源，而不会太贴近该主机的操作细节。视频应用（1）从图形仲裁器接收有关显示环境的信息，（2）使用该信息准备视频输出，以及（3）将其输出发送到图形仲裁器，该有效地将该输出显示给显示屏。图形仲裁器告诉应用程序在屏幕上显示下一帧的估计时间。应用程序将其输出定制到估计的显示时间，从而通过避免产生“额外”帧来提高输出质量，同时减少资源浪费。图形仲裁器告诉应用程序，当其输出完全或部分闭塞时，应用程序不需要花费资源来绘制不可见框架的部分。

7. 发明授权

US07456845B2 Efficient perceptual/physical color space conversion 有权
标题翻译：高效感知/物理色彩空间转换
公开(公告)号：US07456845B2
公开(公告)日：2008-11-25
申请号：US11093636
申请日：2005-03-29
申请人： Nicholas P. Wilt , Gideon A. Yuval , Michael D. Stokes
发明人： Nicholas P. Wilt , Gideon A. Yuval , Michael D. Stokes
IPC分类号： G09G5/02 , G09G5/00
CPC分类号： H04N1/6016
摘要： An imaging or other sensory reproduction system efficiently converts image or other sensory data between a perceptual color space (e.g., the sRGB color space) and a physical color space (unity gamma) or other perceptual/physical sensory models that are related by an expression involving a computationally expensive exponential function. The imaging system calculates exponential functions that can be composed from computationally inexpensive operations, such as square root, square, reciprocal, as well as multiplications and/or additions and subtractions. These computationally less expensive functions are then combined, such as in a weighted and/or offset mean, summation or difference to approximate the computationally expensive exponential function. The imaging system evaluates the expression using the approximation to efficiently yield the converted image data. The efficient conversion between perceptual and physical color spaces allows operations, such as blending and anti-aliasing, to be performed in the physical color space before display of a perceptual color space image.
摘要翻译：成像或其他感觉再现系统有效地将感知颜色空间（例如，sRGB颜色空间）和物理颜色空间（单位伽马）或其他感知/物理感觉模型之间的图像或其他感觉数据转换成涉及到的表达一个计算上昂贵的指数函数。成像系统计算可以由计算上廉价的操作组成的指数函数，例如平方根，平方，倒数，以及乘法和/或加法和减法。然后将这些计算上较便宜的功能组合，例如以加权和/或补偿平均值，求和或差值，以近似计算上昂贵的指数函数。成像系统使用近似来评估表达，以有效地产生转换的图像数据。感知和物理颜色空间之间的有效转换允许在显示感知色彩空间图像之前在物理颜色空间中执行诸如混合和抗锯齿的操作。

8. 发明授权

US06993156B1 System and method for statistically comparing and matching plural sets of digital data 失效
标题翻译：用于统计比较和匹配多组数字数据的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US06993156B1
公开(公告)日：2006-01-31
申请号：US09504022
申请日：2000-02-18
申请人： Richard S. Szeliski , Nicholas P. Wilt
发明人： Richard S. Szeliski , Nicholas P. Wilt
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/00973 , G06K9/6203
摘要： The present invention is embodied in a system and method for statistically comparing a first set of digital data to at least a second set of digital data and matching the first set of digital data to appropriately corresponding portions of the second set of digital data. The first or the second set of digital data can be transformed during statistical analysis to enhance statistical analysis of the digital data.
摘要翻译：本发明体现在用于将第一组数字数据与至少第二组数字数据统计比较并将第一组数字数据与第二组数字数据的适当对应部分匹配的系统和方法。第一组或第二组数字数据可以在统计分析过程中进行变换，以增强数字数据的统计分析。

9. 发明授权

US07405736B2 Efficient perceptual/physical color space conversion 有权
公开(公告)号：US07405736B2
公开(公告)日：2008-07-29
申请号：US11093324
申请日：2005-03-29
申请人： Nicholas P. Wilt , Gideon A. Yuval , Michael D. Stokes
发明人： Nicholas P. Wilt , Gideon A. Yuval , Michael D. Stokes
IPC分类号： G09G5/02
CPC分类号： H04N1/6016
摘要： An imaging or other sensory reproduction system efficiently converts image or other sensory data between a perceptual color space (e.g., the sRGB color space) and a physical color space (unity gamma) or other perceptual/physical sensory models that are related by an expression involving a computationally expensive exponential function. The imaging system calculates exponential functions that can be composed from computationally inexpensive operations, such as square root, square, reciprocal, as well as multiplications and/or additions and subtractions. These computationally less expensive functions are then combined, such as in a weighted and/or offset mean, summation or difference to approximate the computationally expensive exponential function. The imaging system evaluates the expression using the approximation to efficiently yield the converted image data. The efficient conversion between perceptual and physical color spaces allows operations, such as blending and anti-aliasing, to be performed in the physical color space before display of a perceptual color space image.

10. 发明授权

US07330864B2 System and method for using native floating point microprocessor instructions to manipulate 16-bit floating point data representations 失效
标题翻译：使用本机浮点微处理器指令来操纵16位浮点数据表示的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07330864B2
公开(公告)日：2008-02-12
申请号：US09797937
申请日：2001-03-01
申请人： Gideon A. Yuval , Nicholas P. Wilt , James F. Blinn , Michael D. Stokes
发明人： Gideon A. Yuval , Nicholas P. Wilt , James F. Blinn , Michael D. Stokes
IPC分类号： G06F7/00 , G06F7/38
CPC分类号： H03M7/24 , G06F7/483 , G06F9/30025
摘要： A method for providing a 16-bit floating point data representation where the 16-bit floating point data representation may be operated upon by a microprocessors native floating point instruction set. The method contemplates the use a variety of techniques for converting the 16-bit floating point number into a representative native floating point value. Thereafter, the native microprocessor floating point instruction set may perform operations upon the converted data. Upon completion, the native floating point data representation may be converted back into the 16-bit floating point value.
摘要翻译：一种用于提供16位浮点数据表示的方法，其中16位浮点数据表示可以由微处理器本地浮点指令集来操作。该方法考虑使用各种技术将16位浮点数转换为代表性的本机浮点值。此后，本地微处理器浮点指令集可以对转换的数据执行操作。完成后，本地浮点数据表示可以转换回16位浮点值。

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