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1. 发明授权

US4531511A Means for controlling heat flux 失效
标题翻译：控制热通量的手段
公开(公告)号：US4531511A
公开(公告)日：1985-07-30
申请号：US513702
申请日：1983-07-14
申请人： Nelson D. Hochberg
发明人： Nelson D. Hochberg
IPC分类号： E06B3/67 , F24J2/34 , F24J2/40 , F24J2/51 , F28D20/02 , F24J3/02
CPC分类号： F24J2/507 , E06B3/6612 , F24J2/34 , F24J2/407 , F24J2/51 , F28D20/021 , E06B3/6715 , F24J2002/4605 , F24J2002/5275 , Y02B80/24 , Y02E10/40 , Y02E60/145 , Y02E70/30
摘要： A form of insulation is disclosed that takes up less room and is more efficient than insulation currently available. It has several modes of use that make it more versatile than conventional insulation. The insulation is formed from a pair of surfaces that are sealed to each other at all edges to form an enclosed chamber, a honeycomb, a cellular matrix, or truss structure is inside the said chamber, separating the surfaces. Said chamber is evacuated and the surfaces that face the chamber are constructed to be of low emittance so as to provide an insulation that significantly inhibits the transference of heat in any manner. By using a material with a high absorbtion and low emittance on one surface and a material with high emittance and low absorbtion on the opposite surface, heat can be transferred easily in one direction but poorly in the other direction, thus acting as a thermal diode. By using a material on one or both surfaces that changes emittance and/or absorbtance at specified temperatures, heat transfers easily within a temperature range and transfers poorly at other temperatures, thus acting as a thermal valve. By filling said chamber with a material that has a high heat storage capacity, the invention can be utilized to store heat for future use. The modes of use that have been mentioned above can be used in combination with a means to transfer liquid and thus construct a solar collector that is more efficient in reducing the loss of heat from radiation, conduction and convection.
摘要翻译：公开了一种绝缘形式，其占用较少的空间并且比目前可用的绝缘更有效。它具有多种使用方式，使其比传统绝缘更通用。绝缘体由一对表面形成，所述一对表面在所有边缘处彼此密封以形成封闭的腔室，蜂窝体，细胞基质或桁架结构位于所述腔室内，从而分离表面。所述室被排空，并且面对腔室的表面被构造为具有低发射率，以便提供以任何方式显着抑制热量传递的绝缘体。通过在一个表面上使用具有高吸收和低发射率的材料以及在相对表面上具有高发射率和低吸收性的材料，可以在一个方向上容易地传递热量，但是在另一个方向上不好地传递，从而用作热二极管。通过在一个或两个表面上使用在特定温度下改变发射和/或吸收的表面上的材料，热量在温度范围内容易地传递，并在其他温度下传输得很差，从而作为热阀。通过用具有高蓄热能力的材料填充所述室，可以利用本发明储存热量供将来使用。以上提到的使用方式可以与传送液体的手段结合使用，从而构建更有效地降低辐射，传导和对流的热损失的太阳能收集器。

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