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    • 7. 发明授权
    • Optical crossbar switch
    • 光学交叉开关
    • US06792175B2
    • 2004-09-14
    • US09726640
    • 2000-11-30
    • Martin FeldmanAhmed El-AmawyRamachandran Vaidyanathan
    • Martin FeldmanAhmed El-AmawyRamachandran Vaidyanathan
    • G02B635
    • G02F1/31G02B6/3556G02B6/3594G02F1/13471G02F2203/07
    • A free space all-optical crossbar switches light from a plurality of sources onto a plurality of receivers, in any arbitrary permutation or combination (including one-to-one and many-to-one permutations). The sources and receivers may, for example, be single mode optical fibers. The polarization of the light from each source is controlled by a series of polarization control devices associated with the source so as to obtain desired angular deflections through a series of polarization-dependent angular deflectors in a first deflection unit. A lens may then direct the light from each source towards its desired receiver. An optional second deflection unit containing polarization control devices associated with individual receivers redirects the light so that it is incident normally on the receivers, an advantage if the receivers are single mode optical fibers. Alternative embodiments are described to reduce the number of optical components and to provide uninterrupted high speed data flow.
    • 自由空间全光交叉开关将光从多个源切换到多个接收器,以任何任意的排列或组合(包括一对一和多对一排列)。 源和接收器可以例如是单模光纤。 来自每个源的光的偏振由与源相关联的一系列偏振控制装置控制,以便通过第一偏转单元中的一系列偏振相关角偏转器获得期望的角偏转。 然后,透镜可以将来自每个源的光引导到其期望的接收器。 包含与单个接收器相关联的偏振控制装置的可选的第二偏转单元重定向光,使得其正常地入射在接收器上,如果接收器是单模光纤,则具有优点。 描述了替代实施例以减少光学部件的数量并提供不间断的高速数据流。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Three-dimensional microstructures, and methods for making three-dimensional microstructures
    • 三维微结构,以及制作三维微结构的方法
    • US06226120B1
    • 2001-05-01
    • US08347804
    • 1994-11-30
    • Martin Feldman
    • Martin Feldman
    • G02B2300
    • G02B23/00G02B3/005G02B3/0056
    • Methods are disclosed for making microstructures. In one method, the resist layer is reversibly deformed during exposure. When the resist is flattened and developed after exposure, non-vertical features result that are not obtainable through other existing means. One application of this method is to make nested cones suitable for use as a highly efficient x-ray lens. In another disclosed method, “halftone” lithography is used to generate microstructures having features whose height may vary continuously. One application of this method is to make a novel telescope array, a thin film having telescopic magnification properties.
    • 公开了制造微结构的方法。 在一种方法中,抗蚀剂层在曝光期间可逆地变形。 当抗蚀剂在曝光后变平且显影时,不能通过其他现有方法获得非垂直特征。 该方法的一个应用是使嵌套锥体适合用作高效x射线透镜。 在另一公开的方法中,使用“半色调”光刻来产生具有其高度可连续变化的特征的微结构。 该方法的一个应用是制造一种新型的望远镜阵列,具有伸缩放大特性的薄膜。