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    • 1. 发明授权
    • Microprocessor based controller for a three phase bridge rectifier
    • 用于三相桥式整流器的基于微处理器的控制器
    • US4797833A
    • 1989-01-10
    • US913765
    • 1986-09-30
    • Ahmed El-AmawyAli Mirbod
    • Ahmed El-AmawyAli Mirbod
    • H02M7/162H02M7/155H02P13/26
    • H02M7/1626
    • A method of controlling a six pulse bridge phase controlled rectifier using a microprocessor is provided by the invention herein. The method involves synchronizing an oscillator to the frequency of an ac power source and driving first and second counters with the oscillator. The first counter is used in conjunction with a phase locked loop to monitor and adjust the oscillator frequency. The count of the second counter generates an .alpha. value used in a firing angle match routine. The match routine compares the desired output voltage to the cosine of .alpha. minus an inductance factor. The match routine takes less than 20 microseconds to run allowing a new .alpha. value to be checked every 0.5 degrees for a 60 hertz power source. When a match is found, the thyristors are fired and a reload value projecting a subsequent firing in 60.degree. is calculated for the second counter.
    • 本发明提供了使用微处理器来控制六脉冲桥相控整流器的方法。 该方法包括使振荡器与交流电源的频率同步,并用振荡器驱动第一和第二计数器。 第一个计数器与锁相环一起使用,以监视和调整振荡器频率。 第二计数器的计数产生用于触发角匹配例程的α值。 匹配例程将期望的输出电压与α的余弦减去电感因子进行比较。 匹配程序运行时间少于20微秒,允许每0.5度检查一个新的α值,为60赫兹的电源。 当发现匹配时,对第二个计数器计算晶闸管,并计算投影后续点火的重新载入值为60°。
    • 2. 发明申请
    • Optical packet switching
    • 光分组交换
    • US20060072566A1
    • 2006-04-06
    • US11227593
    • 2005-09-15
    • Ahmed El-Amawy
    • Ahmed El-Amawy
    • H04L12/56
    • H04J14/0284H04J14/0227H04J14/0241H04J14/0298H04Q11/0066H04Q2011/002
    • Optical Packet Switching (OPS) is considered the most desirable switching technology for the ubiquitous optical networks that carry internet traffic. OPS could provide for great flexibility, capacity, efficiency, and bandwidth utilization that current switching strategies are not capable of providing. Despite its great appeal, OPS has been hampered by some major hurdles that prevented its practical implementation. Among such hurdles are optical buffering, optical processing/update of headers and to a lesser extent synchronization. This document introduces a novel technique for implementing packet switching in the optical domain. The new approach makes it possible to find efficient and cost effective solutions to the major problems that traditionally rendered optical packet switching (OPS) impractical. The new approach is applicable to any network topology. A complete suite of solutions to all aspects of optical packet switching that take full advantage of the basic novel approach are described. We present a complete set of solutions to the issues of buffering, header processing/update, regeneration, and synchronization among others. The new approach and affiliated solutions make it possible to implement OPS directly over WDM thus offering a very flexible optical layer capable of meeting future demand in a cost effective way.
    • 光分组交换(OPS)被认为是携带互联网流量的无处不在的光网络最理想的交换技术。 OPS可以提供​​当前交换策略无法提供的极大的灵活性,容量,效率和带宽利用率。 尽管有很大的吸引力,但老年退休金计划受到阻碍实际执行的一些主要障碍的阻碍。 其中之一就是光学缓冲,头部的光学处理/更新以及较小程度的同步。 本文介绍了在光域中实现分组交换的新颖技术。 新的方法使得有可能为传统上使光分组交换(OPS)不切实际的主要问题找到有效且具有成本效益的解决方案。 新方法适用于任何网络拓扑。 描述了充分利用基本新颖方法的完整的光分组交换方面的一整套解决方案。 我们提出了一套完整的解决方案来解决缓冲,头处理/更新,再生和同步等问题。 新的方法和附属解决方案使得可以通过WDM直接实现OPS,从而提供了一种非常灵活的光学层,能够以成本有效的方式满足未来的需求。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • Optical crossbar switch
    • 光学交叉开关
    • US06792175B2
    • 2004-09-14
    • US09726640
    • 2000-11-30
    • Martin FeldmanAhmed El-AmawyRamachandran Vaidyanathan
    • Martin FeldmanAhmed El-AmawyRamachandran Vaidyanathan
    • G02B635
    • G02F1/31G02B6/3556G02B6/3594G02F1/13471G02F2203/07
    • A free space all-optical crossbar switches light from a plurality of sources onto a plurality of receivers, in any arbitrary permutation or combination (including one-to-one and many-to-one permutations). The sources and receivers may, for example, be single mode optical fibers. The polarization of the light from each source is controlled by a series of polarization control devices associated with the source so as to obtain desired angular deflections through a series of polarization-dependent angular deflectors in a first deflection unit. A lens may then direct the light from each source towards its desired receiver. An optional second deflection unit containing polarization control devices associated with individual receivers redirects the light so that it is incident normally on the receivers, an advantage if the receivers are single mode optical fibers. Alternative embodiments are described to reduce the number of optical components and to provide uninterrupted high speed data flow.
    • 自由空间全光交叉开关将光从多个源切换到多个接收器,以任何任意的排列或组合(包括一对一和多对一排列)。 源和接收器可以例如是单模光纤。 来自每个源的光的偏振由与源相关联的一系列偏振控制装置控制,以便通过第一偏转单元中的一系列偏振相关角偏转器获得期望的角偏转。 然后,透镜可以将来自每个源的光引导到其期望的接收器。 包含与单个接收器相关联的偏振控制装置的可选的第二偏转单元重定向光,使得其正常地入射在接收器上,如果接收器是单模光纤,则具有优点。 描述了替代实施例以减少光学部件的数量并提供不间断的高速数据流。
    • 4. 发明授权
    • Arbitrarily large clock networks with constant skew bound
    • 任意大的时钟网络具有恒定的偏移界限
    • US5163068A
    • 1992-11-10
    • US660420
    • 1991-02-22
    • Ahmed El-Amawy
    • Ahmed El-Amawy
    • H04J3/06
    • G06F1/10
    • Global synchronization of an arbitrarily large computing structure, such that the clock skew between any two communicating cells is bounded by a constant, regardless of the size of the structure. The invention uses clock nodes to perform simple processing on clock signals. The clock signal is processed in a manner similar to that in which data signals are typically processed. A cyclic, or partially cyclic, network of the clock nodes, within certain topological constraints, along with timing constraints on the function of the clock nodes, maintains a constant bound on the skew.
    • 任意大的计算结构的全局同步,使得任何两个通信小区之间的时钟偏移由常数界定,而不考虑结构的大小。 本发明使用时钟节点对时钟信号执行简单的处理。 以与通常处理数据信号的方式类似的方式处理时钟信号。 在某些拓扑约束内的时钟节点的循环或部分循环的网络连同对时钟节点的功能的时序约束保持了对偏斜的恒定限制。