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1. 发明申请

US20070019904A1 Method for operating a switched optical network 审中-公开
标题翻译：用于操作交换光网络的方法
公开(公告)号：US20070019904A1
公开(公告)日：2007-01-25
申请号：US11455695
申请日：2006-06-20
申请人： Henning Bulow
发明人： Henning Bulow
IPC分类号： G02B6/26
CPC分类号： H04J14/0227 , H04B10/2569 , H04J14/0284
摘要： A method for operating a switched optical network, in particular an automatically switched optical network (=ASON), wherein the method allocates a transparent physical path out of a multitude of candidate paths to an optical data signal, is characterized in that the method takes into account the polarisation mode dispersion (=PMD) on each candidate path, wherein the PMD of the candidate paths is determined for each wavelength channel individually, taking into account the wavelength (λ) dependence of the PMD. The method allows the operation of the ASON with high reliability of the data transmission and increased data transfer capacity and the exploitation of the network resources.
摘要翻译：一种用于操作交换光网络，特别是自动交换光网络（= ASON）的方法，其中该方法从多个候选路径分配到光数据信号的透明物理路径，其特征在于该方法进入考虑每个候选路径上的偏振模色散（= PMD），其中考虑到PMD的波长（λ）依赖性，单独地为每个波长信道确定候选路径的PMD。该方法允许ASON的运行具有高可靠性的数据传输，增加数据传输能力和利用网络资源。

2. 发明申请

US20060023817A1 Enhanced viterbi equalizer and algorithm 审中-公开
标题翻译：增强的维特比均衡器和算法
公开(公告)号：US20060023817A1
公开(公告)日：2006-02-02
申请号：US11189750
申请日：2005-07-27
申请人： Fred Buchali , Henning Bulow
发明人： Fred Buchali , Henning Bulow
IPC分类号： H03D1/00
CPC分类号： H04J13/00 , H04L25/03184 , H04L25/03248
摘要： A device (1) for receiving a distorted signal, in particular an optical signal converted by an opto/electrical converter (2), comprises an electrical low-pass filter (3), an analog/digital converter (4), and a Viterbi equalizer (5). The bandwidth of the electrical low-pass filter (3) and the sampling rate of the device (1) are set such that a noise sample at an actual sampling time is correlated to one or more noise samples at one or more adjacent sampling times and the Viterbi equalizer (5) comprises a means (5a) for mitigating inter-symbol interference by taking into account correlation of the different noise samples at the actual sampling time and one or more adjacent sampling times.
摘要翻译：用于接收失真信号的设备（1），特别是由光/电转换器（2）转换的光信号，包括电低通滤波器（3），模拟/数字转换器（4）和维特比均衡器（5）。电气低通滤波器（3）的带宽和设备（1）的采样率被设置为使得实际采样时间的噪声样本与一个或多个相邻采样时间的一个或多个噪声样本相关，并且维特比均衡器（5）包括用于通过考虑实际采样时间和一个或多个相邻采样时间的不同噪声样本的相关性来减轻符号间干扰的装置（5a）。

3. 发明申请

US20050152479A1 Receiver for optical signals comprising a Viterbi equalizer in combination with an additional analog electronic equalizer and/or in combination with a parameter-estimation device, plus methods for improving the exactness of a receiver for optical signals when identifying digitalized data transmitted by the analog optical signal 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20050152479A1
公开(公告)日：2005-07-14
申请号：US10991832
申请日：2004-11-19
申请人： Henning Bulow , Gunther Thielecke , Fred Buchali
发明人： Henning Bulow , Gunther Thielecke , Fred Buchali
IPC分类号： H04B10/69 , H04L1/20 , H04L25/03 , H04L27/06
CPC分类号： H04L25/03057 , H04B10/6971 , H04L1/20 , H04L25/03254
摘要： A receiver for optical signals is described, comprising a Viterbi equalizer which comprises an analog electronic equalizer as a filter for the signals before the signals are to be processed by the Viterbi equalizer, and a receiver for optical signals is described, comprising a Viterbi equalizer which comprises a parameter-estimation device for obtaining estimated values indicating the degree of distortion of the optical signal connected with the analog signal path, with the parameter-estimation device connected with the Viterbi equalizer for transmitting the estimated values gained from the analog signal to the Viterbi equalizer, plus a method is described for improving an optical receiver's ability to identify digitalized data transmitted by analog optical signals, comprising the steps of analog filtering of the analog signal, subsequent analog-to-digital conversion of the analog signal into a digital soft-data signal, feeding the digital soft data to a Viterbi equalizer, relating the digital soft data to binary data in the Viterbi equalizer, plus a method is described for improving an optical receiver's ability to identify digitalized data transmitted by analog optical signals, comprising the steps of obtaining an estimated value indicating the distortion of an incoming analog optical signal, further processing of this estimated value into a form processable by a Viterbi equalizer, feeding this estimated value into the Viterbi equalizer, transforming the digital soft data obtained from the analog signal by means of an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) into binary data in the Viterbi equalizer with the help of interim values obtained from the analog signal indicating the degree of distortion of the analog signal.

4. 发明授权

US5793511A Optical receiver with an equalizing circuit for PMD-induced interference, and system with such an optical receiver 失效
标题翻译：具有用于PMD干扰的均衡电路的光接收器，以及具有这种光接收器的系统
公开(公告)号：US5793511A
公开(公告)日：1998-08-11
申请号：US825275
申请日：1997-03-27
申请人： Henning Bulow
发明人： Henning Bulow
IPC分类号： H01L31/02 , H04B10/2569 , H04B10/18
CPC分类号： H04B10/2569
摘要： An optical receiver is presented, which can receive and evaluate an optical signal (S) containing interference caused by polarization mode dispersion (PMD). The optical receiver has a splitting facility (1.1) which splits the routable optical signal (S) into two electrical signal components (S.sub.-, S.sub.+). The electrical signal components (S.sub.-, S.sub.+) are processed in an equalizing circuit (1.2). A control facility (1.3) controls the splitting facility (1.1) with the aid of a quality signal (Q) produced by the equalizing circuit (1.2).
摘要翻译：提出了一种可以接收和评估包含由偏振模色散（PMD）引起的干扰的光信号（S）的光接收机。光接收机具有分离设备（1.1），其将可路由光信号（S）分成两个电信号分量（S，S +）。电信号分量（S-，S +）在均衡电路（1.2）中进行处理。控制设备（1.3）借助于由均衡电路（1.2）产生的质量信号（Q）控制分离设施（1.1）。

5. 发明授权

US5774246A Apparatus for demultiplexing an optical digital signal 失效
标题翻译：用于解复用光数字信号的装置
公开(公告)号：US5774246A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-30
申请号：US623159
申请日：1996-03-28
申请人： Henning Bulow
发明人： Henning Bulow
IPC分类号： G02F2/00 , H04B10/00 , H04J14/08 , H03L7/083 , H04B10/06
CPC分类号： H04J14/08
摘要： A demultiplexing apparatus is disclosed which comprises a pulse generator (4), a phase control device (3), and an optical switching device (1), e.g., a NOLM. The phase control device (3) controls the pulse generator (4), whose pulse initiates switching operations in the optical switching device (1) depending on the magnitude of an electric signal derived from the output (8) of the optical switching device (1). The phase control device (3) includes a noise source (26) which disturbs the pulse in a defined manner.
摘要翻译：公开了一种解复用装置，其包括脉冲发生器（4），相位控制装置（3）和光开关装置（1），例如NOLM。相位控制装置（3）控制脉冲发生器（4），脉冲发生器（4）根据从光开关装置（1）的输出（8）导出的电信号的大小，开始脉冲发生在光开关装置（1））。相位控制装置（3）包括以限定的方式干扰脉冲的噪声源（26）。

6. 发明授权

US5557694A Method of determining the zero dispersion wavelength of an optical waveguide 失效
标题翻译：确定光波导的零色散波长的方法
公开(公告)号：US5557694A
公开(公告)日：1996-09-17
申请号：US409758
申请日：1995-03-24
申请人： Gustav Veith , Henning Bulow
发明人： Gustav Veith , Henning Bulow
IPC分类号： G01M11/02 , G01M11/00 , G02B6/28
CPC分类号： G01M11/338 , G01M11/335
摘要： It is necessary to know the zero dispersion wavelength .lambda..sub.0, to ensure the reliable transmission of high bit-rate frequency signals via remote transmission paths. The method for determining the zero dispersion wavelength of an optical waveguide knowingly utilizes a disturbing effect that is undesirable in optical communications transmission techniques, which is able to lower the transmission quality. This effect is the so-called four-wave mixing, or in special cases a partially degenerated four-wave mixing. The method couples two light signals of different wavelengths (.lambda..sub.1, .lambda..sub.2) into an optical waveguide (4). A mixing product which occurs in the optical waveguide as a result of a partially degenerated four-wave mixing is evaluated by an analyzer (3). The wavelength of one of the two light signals is selectively varied until the optical output of the mixing product reaches a maximum. At that point the wavelength of this light signal coincides with the zero dispersion wavelength .lambda..sub.0.
摘要翻译：需要知道零色散波长λ0，以确保通过远程传输路径可靠地传输高比特率频率信号。用于确定光波导的零色散波长的方法明知地利用了能够降低传输质量的光通信传输技术中不期望的干扰效果。这种效应是所谓的四波混频，或在特殊情况下是部分退化的四波混频。该方法将不同波长（λ1，λ2）的两个光信号耦合到光波导（4）中。通过分析器（3）评估由于部分退化的四波混合而在光波导中发生的混合产物。选择性地改变两个光信号中的一个的波长，直到混合产物的光输出达到最大值。此时，该光信号的波长与零色散波长λ0一致。

7. 发明授权

US5550667A Optical transmitter 失效
标题翻译：光发射机
公开(公告)号：US5550667A
公开(公告)日：1996-08-27
申请号：US108325
申请日：1993-08-18
申请人： Heinz Krimmel , Henning Bulow , Rolf Heidemann , Jurgen Otterbach
发明人： Heinz Krimmel , Henning Bulow , Rolf Heidemann , Jurgen Otterbach
IPC分类号： H04B10/2537 , H04B10/04
CPC分类号： H04B10/2537
摘要： A laser (2) of an optical transmitter (1) for the transmission of an analog broadband signal for CATV in particular, can be amplitude-modulated in two different manners with an intelligence signal (N). Direct modulation can lead to an undesired additional frequency modulation. With indirect modulation by means of an optical intensity modulator (3), Brillouin scattering occurs at powers of approximately 10 mW in an optical fiber of the transmission path connected to the optical transmitter (1). Both modulations lead to distortions of the transmitted signal. In order to avoid the disadvantages of both modulations in a technically simple fashion, the carrier emitted from a laser (2) is indirectly modulated with an intelligence signal (N) and the laser (2) also faintly directly modulated with an energy-dispersing signal (V). The faint direct modulation leads to a constant, limited wave length alteration of the optical signal, such that Brillouin scattering is reduced, simultaneously with the avoidance of dispersion distortions.
摘要翻译：用于传输CATV的模拟宽带信号的光发射机（1）的激光器（2）可以用智能信号（N）以两种不同的方式进行幅度调制。直接调制可能导致不需要的附加频率调制。通过利用光强度调制器（3）的间接调制，在连接到光发送器（1）的传输路径的光纤中，约为10mW的功率发生布里渊散射。两种调制都会导致发送信号的失真。为了避免技术上简单的两种调制的缺点，从激光器（2）发射的载体用智能信号（N）间接调制，激光器（2）也用能量分散信号微弱地直接调制（V）。微弱的直接调制导致光信号的恒定的有限波长变化，使得布里渊散射减小，同时避免色散失真。

8. 发明授权

US5504610A Optical mixer and its use 失效
标题翻译：光学混合器及其用途
公开(公告)号：US5504610A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-02
申请号：US349066
申请日：1994-12-02
申请人： Henning Bulow
发明人： Henning Bulow
IPC分类号： G02B6/00 , G02F1/35 , H04B10/02 , H04L7/00 , H04B10/12
CPC分类号： G02F1/3538 , H04L7/0075 , G02F1/3515 , G02F1/3517
摘要： The optical mixer (1) contains a polarization-maintaining length of optical waveguide (4) as a mixing element. The pump light (P) is coupled to the optical mixer in so that its plane of polarization makes an angle of 45.degree. with the principal axes of the length of optical waveguide (4). One advantage of this optical mixer (1) is that the optical power of the mixing product (M) depends not on the polarization of the signal light (S), but only on the phase relationship between signal light and pump light. The mixer can be used to advantage in an optical phase-locked loop.
摘要翻译：光学混合器（1）包含作为混合元件的光波导（4）的偏振保持长度。泵浦光（P）耦合到光学混合器，使得其偏振平面与光波导（4）的长度的主轴成45°的角度。这种光学混合器（1）的一个优点是混合产物（M）的光功率不取决于信号光（S）的极化，而只取决于信号光和泵浦光之间的相位关系。混频器可以在光锁相环中有利地使用。

9. 发明申请

US20070183550A1 Clock recovery circuit and method for optical receiver 审中-公开
标题翻译：光接收机的时钟恢复电路及方法
公开(公告)号：US20070183550A1
公开(公告)日：2007-08-09
申请号：US11640937
申请日：2006-12-19
申请人： Henning Bulow
发明人： Henning Bulow
IPC分类号： H04L7/00
CPC分类号： H04L7/0075 , H04B10/66 , H04L7/027 , H04L7/033
摘要： A clock recovery circuit (1a) for a digital signal (DS) comprising a clock signal and a high-frequency jitter component due to polarisation scrambling in the optical domain. The proposed clock recovery circuit comprises: a first clock recovery sub-circuit (5) adapted to generate a first auxiliary clock signal (CS1) with said high-frequency jitter component at least partly removed, a second clock recovery sub-circuit (6) adapted to generate a second auxiliary clock signal (CS2) still comprising said high-frequency jitter component, a phase comparator (7) connected with the first and second clock recovery sub-circuits and adapted to compare respective phases of the first and second auxiliary clock signals to produce a high-frequency jitter signal (JS, JS′) depending on a phase difference between the first and second auxiliary clock signals, and a phase modulator (8) connected with the first clock recovery sub-circuit and the phase comparator and adapted to modulate a phase of the first auxiliary clock signal with the high-frequency jitter signal to generate a recovered clock signal (CS). The above-described circuit provides distortion and jitter tolerant clock recovery for optical receivers.
摘要翻译：一种用于数字信号（DS）的时钟恢复电路（1a），包括由于光学域中的偏振加扰引起的时钟信号和高频抖动分量。所提出的时钟恢复电路包括：第一时钟恢复子电路（5），适于产生具有至少部分去除的所述高频抖动分量的第一辅助时钟信号（CS 1）;第二时钟恢复子电路（6））适于产生仍然包括所述高频抖动分量的第二辅助时钟信号（CS 2），与所述第一和第二时钟恢复子电路连接并且适于比较所述第一和第二时钟恢复子电路的各个相位的相位比较器（7）辅助时钟信号，以根据第一和第二辅助时钟信号之间的相位差产生高频抖动信号（JS，JS'），以及与第一时钟恢复子电路和相位相连的相位调制器（8）比较器，并适于用高频抖动信号调制第一辅助时钟信号的相位，以产生恢复的时钟信号（CS）。上述电路为光接收机提供失真和抖动容忍时钟恢复。

10. 发明申请

US20050254749A1 Multi-wavelength CD and PMD compensator 失效
标题翻译：多波长CD和PMD补偿器
公开(公告)号：US20050254749A1
公开(公告)日：2005-11-17
申请号：US11097325
申请日：2005-04-04
申请人： Henning Bulow
发明人： Henning Bulow
IPC分类号： H04B10/2507 , H04B10/2513 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： H04B10/2572 , H04B10/2513
摘要： The present invention concerns a method for performing optical dispersion compensation of wavelength division multiplexed (WDM) optical signals. The method comprises the steps of providing a compensation stage with an optical transmission medium to be used as parallel operating cascade of polarization controllers and optical birefringent elements to compensate dispersion of the WDM optical signals when being transmitted spectrally dispersed into the different wavelength channels in parallel through the parallel cascades. The method is being characterized by determining the chromatic dispersion of the optical signals at one or few different wavelength channels possibly allowing an extrapolation of the chromatic dispersion to the other wavelength channels for defining accordingly an additional feedback signal to be used for the polarization controller setting.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于执行波分复用（WDM）光信号的光色散补偿的方法。该方法包括以下步骤：提供具有光传输介质的补偿级，以用作偏振控制器和光学双折射元件的并联操作级联，以在通过光谱分散到不同波长信道中并行传输时，补偿WDM光信号的色散并联级联。该方法的特征在于确定一个或几个不同波长信道处的光信号的色散，可能允许将色散外推到其他波长信道，以便相应地定义要用于偏振控制器设置的附加反馈信号。

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