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1. 发明授权

US6097310A Method and apparatus for mud pulse telemetry in underbalanced drilling systems 有权
标题翻译：欠平衡钻井系统泥浆脉冲遥测方法与装置
公开(公告)号：US6097310A
公开(公告)日：2000-08-01
申请号：US227785
申请日：1999-01-08
申请人： John Harrell , Andrew G. Brooks , Hatem Salem Morsy
发明人： John Harrell , Andrew G. Brooks , Hatem Salem Morsy
IPC分类号： E21B21/00 , E21B47/18 , G01V1/40
CPC分类号： E21B47/185 , E21B47/18 , E21B47/187 , E21B2021/005
摘要： A mud pulse telemetry system uses a downhole pulser to produce sequences of positive and/or negative pulses according to a selected pattern. Positive pulses, negative pulses, and combinations thereof may be produced. A flow rate sensor at the surface measures changes in the flow rate at the top of the wellbore instead of or in addition to changes in the pressure. The flow rate changes are detectable even though the pressure pulses themselves may have a poor signal to noise ratio. This enables the invention to function effectively in underbalanced drilling wherein the use of light muds with a high gas content is required. One embodiment of the invention uses a conventional downhole pulser with the main valve closed and the pilot valve operating in a direct pulse mode.
摘要翻译：泥浆脉冲遥测系统使用井下脉冲发生器根据所选择的模式产生正脉冲和/或负脉冲序列。可以产生正脉冲，负脉冲及其组合。表面上的流量传感器可以测量井筒顶部流量的变化，而不是压力变化或除压力变化之外。即使压力脉冲本身可能具有差的信噪比，流量变化也是可检测的。这使得本发明能够在欠平衡钻井中有效地起作用，其中需要使用具有高气体含量的轻质泥浆。本发明的一个实施例使用常规的井下脉冲发生器，其中主阀关闭并且先导阀以直接脉冲模式操作。

2. 发明授权

US06508316B2 Apparatus to measure the earth's local gravity and magnetic field in conjunction with global positioning attitude determination 有权
公开(公告)号：US06508316B2
公开(公告)日：2003-01-21
申请号：US09740082
申请日：2000-12-18
申请人： Robert Alan Estes , Hatem Salem Morsy , Andrew G. Brooks
发明人： Robert Alan Estes , Hatem Salem Morsy , Andrew G. Brooks
IPC分类号： E21B47022
CPC分类号： G01C21/18 , E21B47/022 , G01S19/53
摘要： The present invention provides a method for determining magnetometer errors during wellbore survey operations. It is capable of determining errors on up to three axes, with or without the use of an external reference measurement of the local magnetic field, and is capable of providing an accurate result using data from a minimum number of surveys. A model is used to correct the observed data and the corrected data are transformed from the tool coordinate system to a different coordinate system referenced to the earth. The difference between the corrected transformed data and reference data in the earth coordinate system is minimized to determine the model parameters. The present invention also provides a method for determining residual uncertainty in the measurements and for quality control of the measurements. Once a survey has been obtained with reference to magnetic north, it is corrected using magnetic declination data obtained concurrently with the survey using surface GPS receivers, magnetometers and accelerometers.

3. 发明授权

US06212476B1 Apparatus to measure the earth's local gravity and magnetic field in conjunction with global positioning attitude determining 有权
标题翻译：用于测量地球局部重力和磁场的设备，结合全球定位姿态决定
公开(公告)号：US06212476B1
公开(公告)日：2001-04-03
申请号：US09309864
申请日：1999-05-11
申请人： Koen Antonie Noy , Robert Alan Estes , Hatem Salem Morsy
发明人： Koen Antonie Noy , Robert Alan Estes , Hatem Salem Morsy
IPC分类号： E21B4722
CPC分类号： E21B47/022 , G01C17/30 , G01C21/18 , G01S19/14 , G01S19/53
摘要： A processor uses signals from at least two GPS receivers and a 3-component accelerometer located on a stable non-magnetic platform to determine the roll, yaw and pitch angles of the platform, thus providing a measurement of geographic north. The processor also uses signals from a 3-component magnetometer on the platform to determine the magnetic north and thence the magnetic declination. A proton magnetometer is used to provide a check on the measurements of the 3-component magnetometer. Additionally, three single component magnetometers provide a measure of the local magnetic field gradient and serve to monitor artificially induced magnetic fields. An alternate embodiment of the invention uses at least three GPS receivers and may dispense with the 3-component of accelerometer to determine geographic north. Temporal local variations of the earth's magnetic field are tracked and used to correct conventional magnetic well surveys. For use in offshore drilling applications where the rig is on a drillship, the platform floats on water away from the drillship and tethered to a buoy. Signals from an inertial motion sensor are used by the processor to correct the observations of the GPS sensors, the magnetometers and the accelerometers for the motion of the platform in water.
摘要翻译：处理器使用位于稳定非磁性平台上的至少两个GPS接收器和3组分加速度计的信号来确定平台的滚动，偏航和俯仰角，从而提供对北部地理位置的测量。处理器还使用来自平台上的3分量磁力计的信号来确定磁北极，从而确定磁偏角。质子磁强计用于提供对三组分磁强计测量的检查。另外，三个单分量磁力计提供局部磁场梯度的测量，并用于监测人为感应的磁场。本发明的替代实施例使用至少三个GPS接收器，并且可以免除加速度计的3分量以确定北部地理位置。跟踪和使用地球磁场的时间局部变化来纠正传统的磁场测量。对于钻机在钻井船上的海上钻井应用场合，该平台将浮在水面上，远离钻井船并拴在浮标上。来自惯性运动传感器的信号由处理器用于校正GPS传感器，磁力计和加速度计对于平台在水中的运动的观察。

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