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1. 发明授权

US3883830A Line conditioner with independent gain and delay control 失效
标题翻译：具有独立增益和延迟控制的线路调节器
公开(公告)号：US3883830A
公开(公告)日：1975-05-13
申请号：US46970774
申请日：1974-05-13
申请人： HEKIMIAN LABORATORIES INC
发明人： HEKIMIAN NORRIS C
IPC分类号： H03H11/04 , H03H11/12 , H04B3/14 , H04L25/04 , H03H7/14
CPC分类号： H04B3/14 , H03H11/1217
摘要： A line conditioner includes plural amplitude and delay equalization circuits which are both physically and functionally independent, whereby both gain and delay in a transmission system can be adjusted with negligible mutual interaction. All adjustment potentiometers are part of a common front panel module which, once adjusted, can be transferred to a replacement system without requiring further adjustment. A novel input amplifier circuit provides good noise figure control and permits wideband linear gain (db) adjustment as a function of potentiometer rotation. Each delay equalization section employs an economical active gyrator circuit as part of a band pass filter having unity gain across the frequency band. Each amplitude equalization circuit likewise includes an economical active gyrator and a gain control potentiometer arranged such that the product of the circuit gain and bandwidth remains substantially constant as the potentiometer is adjusted.
摘要翻译：线路调理器包括在物理和功能上独立的多个幅度和延迟均衡电路，由此可以以可忽略的相互作用来调节传输系统中的增益和延迟。所有调节电位器都是常用的前面板模块的一部分，一旦调整，可以将其转移到更换系统，而无需进一步调整。一个新颖的输入放大器电路提供了良好的噪声系数控制，并允许宽带线性增益（db）调整作为电位器旋转的函数。每个延迟均衡部分采用经济的有源回转器电路作为在频带上具有单位增益的带通滤波器的一部分。每个幅度均衡电路同样包括一个经济的有效回转器和一个增益控制电位器，它被布置为使电路增益和带宽的乘积在调节电位器时保持基本恒定。

2. 发明授权

US3731232A Phantastron circuit employing operational amplifier 失效
标题翻译： PHANTASTRON电路采用运算放大器
公开(公告)号：US3731232A
公开(公告)日：1973-05-01
申请号：US3731232D
申请日：1971-07-13
申请人： HEKIMIAN LABORATORIES INC
发明人： HEKIMIAN N
IPC分类号： H03K4/56 , H03C1/06
CPC分类号： H03K4/56
摘要： A phantastron circuit includes an operational amplifier connected as an absolute value amplifier by connecting its inverting and non-inverting input terminals through respective oppositely poled diodes to a common input junction. The input junction is resistively coupled to a source of supply voltage and capacitively coupled to the output terminal of the operation amplifier. The capacitor thus provides positive feedback to the non-inverting input terminal when the amplifier output signal exhibits positive rate of change, and supplies negative feedback to the inverting input terminal when the output signal exhibits negative rate of change. In the quiescent state the diode at the inverting input terminal is back biased and the non-inverting input terminal is clamped slightly above ground to provide a high positive output signal from the amplifier. Application of a positive trigger to the inverting input terminal or a negative trigger to the non-inverting terminal produces a negative going step at the output terminal of the amplifier which, through the feedback capacitor, back biases the diode at the non-inverting terminal and forward biases the diode at the inverting input terminal to thereby create a negative feedback loop. The capacitor runs down linearly by means of a constant current delivered to the power supply resistively coupled to the common input junction. When the amplifier output reaches a predetermined negative limit, the polarity of the rate of change reverts to positive, thereby reversing the bias on the input diodes and creating a positive feedback loop. Recovery time is substantially instantaneous by virtue of the feedback action and relatively low resistance in the charging circuit for the capacitor.
摘要翻译：凤凰电路包括通过将其反相和非反相输入端子通过相应的极化二极管连接到公共输入端而连接作为绝对值放大器的运算放大器。输入端电阻耦合到电源电压源，并电容耦合到运算放大器的输出端。因此，当放大器输出信号呈现正的变化率时，电容器向非反相输入端子提供正反馈，并且当输出信号呈现负变化率时，电容器向反相输入端子提供负反馈。在静态状态下，反相输入端子的二极管反向偏置，同相输入端子略微靠在地上，以提供来自放大器的高正输出信号。将正触发器施加到反相输入端子或对非反相端子的负触发器在放大器的输出端产生负走行步骤，其通过反馈电容器反向偏置非反相端子处的二极管，正向偏置反相输入端子处的二极管，从而产生负反馈回路。电容器通过传输到电阻耦合到公共输入端的电源的恒定电流线性下降。当放大器输出达到预定的负极限时，变化率的极性反转为正，从而反转输入二极管上的偏置并产生正反馈回路。借助于电容器的充电电路中的反馈动作和相对较低的电阻，恢复时间基本上是瞬时的。

3. 发明授权

US3862380A Intermodulation distortion analyzer 失效
标题翻译：互调失真分析仪
公开(公告)号：US3862380A
公开(公告)日：1975-01-21
申请号：US35255273
申请日：1973-04-19
申请人： HEKIMIAN LABORATORIES INC
发明人： HEKIMIAN NORRIS C , TURNER JAMES F
IPC分类号： H03G3/20 , H04B3/46
CPC分类号： H04B3/46 , H03G3/20 , H03G3/3026
摘要： An intermodulation distortion analyzer generates two pairs of sinusoidal test tones to serve as a test signal for the channel under test. The two pairs of tones simulate two respective noise band test signals but eliminate the long time averaging required for measurements when noise bands are used. A highly linear AGC circuit employs sampling at an output-controlled duty cycle to maintain a constant reference level for the analyzer. This reference level permits automatic distortion measurements to be read out directly in db below the test signal. An RMS detector circuit for second order intermodulation products employs feedback control to maintain the input signal to a squaring circuit constant. Squaring of the constant level sinusoids produces RMS DC components which can be separated for direct measurement. A distortion circuit provides known levels of second and third order intermodulation in the test signal to permit accurate check out of the analyzer.
摘要翻译：互调失真分析仪产生两对正弦测试音，用作被测信道的测试信号。两对音调模拟了两个相应的噪声带测试信号，但消除了使用噪声频带时测量所需的长时间平均值。高线性AGC电路采用输出控制占空比采样，以保持分析仪的恒定参考电平。该参考电平允许在测试信号下面的db中直接读出自动失真测量。用于二阶互调产物的RMS检测器电路采用反馈控制来将输入信号保持为平方电路恒定。恒定电平正弦曲线的平方产生RMS直流分量，可直接测量分离。失真电路在测试信号中提供已知的二阶和三阶互调电平，以便能够精确地检出分析仪。

4. 发明授权

US3818359A Line equalizer circuit employing active gyrator 失效
标题翻译：线路均衡器电路采用主动式陀螺仪
公开(公告)号：US3818359A
公开(公告)日：1974-06-18
申请号：US31056672
申请日：1972-11-29
申请人： HEKIMIAN LABORATORIES INC
发明人： HEKIMIAN N
IPC分类号： H04B3/14 , H03B3/04 , H04B1/12
CPC分类号： H04B3/14
摘要： A line equalizer employs an operational amplifier having an inverting input terminal to which the input signal is resistively coupled and a non-inverting input signal to which the input signal is coupled via a bandpass filter. The filter includes an active gyrator circuit to simulate an inductance and is easily tuned to obtain the desired center frequency. Gain and delay adjustment is achieved simply and quickly by means of respective variable resistors.
摘要翻译：线路均衡器采用具有反相输入端的运算放大器，输入信号被电阻耦合到该反相输入端，以及非反相输入信号，输入信号经由带通滤波器耦合到该反相输入端。滤波器包括有源回转器电路，用于模拟电感，并且易于调谐以获得期望的中心频率。通过相应的可变电阻器简单快速地实现增益和延迟调整。

5. 发明授权

US3711773A Phase jitter meter 失效
标题翻译：相位计
公开(公告)号：US3711773A
公开(公告)日：1973-01-16
申请号：US3711773D
申请日：1970-07-09
申请人： HEKIMIAN LABORATORIES INC
发明人： HEKIMIAN N , KELLY J
IPC分类号： G01R25/00 , H03D13/00
CPC分类号： G01R25/00
摘要： A system is disclosed for monitoring short term amplitude and phase variations and measuring average and peak-to-peak phase jitter experienced by a test signal transmitted through a system under test. Phase detection is achieved with an exclusive OR gate which compares the phase of the test signal with that of a reference signal provided by a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), and provides an output signal having a frequency twice that of the test signal and a duty cycle proportional to test signal phase displacement. This output signal is converted to a DC signal which, in addition to serving as a basis for measurement of the average and peak-to-peak phase jitter of the test signal, controls the phase of the VCO to thereby phase lock the reference signal to the test signal. Short term amplitude variations experienced by the test signal are compared against an adjustable predetermined range in order to provide an indication whenever the amplitude is outside the selected range. A novel test signal generator is also disclosed using a modified Hartley oscillator configuration to provide an output signal having high amplitude and frequency stability independently of the type of transistor employed.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于监测短期幅度和相位变化以及测量通过被测系统传输的测试信号所经历的平均和峰 - 峰相位抖动的系统。通过异或门实现相位检测，该异或门将测试信号的相位与由压控振荡器（VCO）提供的参考信号的相位进行比较，并提供具有测试信号的频率的两倍的输出信号和占空比与测试信号相位位移成正比。该输出信号被转换为DC信号，除了作为测试信号的平均和峰 - 峰相位抖动的基准之外，控制VCO的相位，从而将参考信号相位锁定到测试信号。将测试信号经历的短期幅度变化与可调节的预定范围进行比较，以便每当振幅在选定范围之外时提供指示。还公开了一种新颖的测试信号发生器，其使用修改的Hartley振荡器配置来提供独立于所采用的晶体管类型的具有高振幅和频率稳定性的输出信号。

6. 发明授权

US3708741A D.c. to d.c. converter for connection across telephone lines 失效
标题翻译：用于通过电话线连接的直流转换器
公开(公告)号：US3708741A
公开(公告)日：1973-01-02
申请号：US3708741D
申请日：1971-06-21
申请人： HEKIMIAN LABORATORIES INC
发明人： HEKIMIAN N
IPC分类号： H02M3/338 , H04M1/00 , H03D1/16
CPC分类号： H02M3/3381
摘要： D.C. supervisory signals control tones and audio signals appearing across a pair of balanced floating telephone lines are converted to permit processing by a single-ended grounded system. The converter circuit includes a high-impedance diode bridge full wave rectifier connected across the floating telephone lines and feeding a self-excited oscillator with an output signal amplitude substantially proportional to the D.C. voltage across the floating lines. The output signals from the rectifier and oscillator are passed through an isolation transformer to a single-ended detector which restores the supervisory signal D.C. level. The relatively high D.C. level of the supervisory signal acts to forward bias the rectifier and detector to pass the relatively low level audio signal and touch tones without distortion.
摘要翻译：通过一对平衡的浮动电话线路出现的D.C.监控信号控制音调和音频信号被转换为允许通过单端接地系统进行处理。转换器电路包括跨越浮动电话线连接的高阻抗二极管桥式全波整流器，并馈送自激振荡器，其输出信号幅度基本上与浮动线路上的直流电压成比例。来自整流器和振荡器的输出信号通过隔离变压器传送到恢复监控信号直流电平的单端检测器。监控信号的相对较高的直流电位用于使整流器和检测器正向偏置以通过相对低电平的音频信号和触摸音而不失真。

7. 发明授权

US3916329A Time jitter generator 失效
标题翻译：时间抖动发生器
公开(公告)号：US3916329A
公开(公告)日：1975-10-28
申请号：US46580374
申请日：1974-05-01
申请人： HEKIMIAN LABORATORIES INC
发明人： HEKIMIAN NORRIS C , GINNINGS ROBERT M
IPC分类号： H04L1/20 , H04B1/66 , H03K9/00
CPC分类号： H04L1/205
摘要： A time jitter generator, for use in testing the impact of jitter on digital equipment, introduces a continuously variable static delay and/or time jitter on digital data and clock pulse trains. Static delay is achieved by passing the clock train through a series of cascaded one shot circuits, each one-shot triggering on the trailing edge of the pulse from the preceding circuit. The trailing edge of each one-shot pulse also clocks data into a corresponding stage of a shift register so that each shift register stage is clocked at a different time depending upon the pulse widths of the one-shot circuits. These widths are adjustable under operator control to permit controlled static delay to be achieved over a relatively large continuous range of delay. The control voltage employed to control one-shot pulse width is applied through a delay-responsive feedback loop to eliminate temperature effects. Jitter modulation is achieved by summing a time-varying jitter signal with the control voltage, the jitter signal having a frequency lying outside the bandwidth of the static delay loop.
摘要翻译：用于测试抖动对数字设备的影响的时间抖动发生器在数字数据和时钟脉冲串上引入了连续可变的静态延迟和/或时间抖动。通过使时钟列通过一系列级联单触发电路实现静态延迟，每一次触发在前一电路的脉冲后沿。每个单触发脉冲的后沿还将数据进入移位寄存器的对应级，使得每个移位寄存器级根据单触发电路的脉冲宽度在不同的时间计时。这些宽度在操作员控制下是可调节的，以允许在相对较大的连续延迟范围内实现受控的静态延迟。用于控制单脉冲宽度的控制电压通过延迟响应反馈回路施加，以消除温度影响。通过将时变抖动信号与控制电压相加来实现抖动调制，抖动信号具有位于静态延迟环路的带宽之外的频率。

8. 发明授权

US3878484A Oscillator having output frequency linearly related to resistance 失效
标题翻译：输出频率与电阻线性相关的振荡器
公开(公告)号：US3878484A
公开(公告)日：1975-04-15
申请号：US43245874
申请日：1974-01-11
申请人： HEKIMIAN LABORATORIES INC
发明人： HEKIMIAN NORRIS C
IPC分类号： G01R27/00 , H03K4/06 , H03K4/56
CPC分类号： H03K4/066 , G01R27/00
摘要： An oscillator includes an operational integrator, a Schmitt trigger, and an operational amplifier connected in series and in a closed feedback loop. The oscillator frequency is directly proportional to the resistance in the negative feedback path of the operational amplifier. The oscillator is ideally suited as a tone generator in a musical instrument wherein the amplifier feedback resistance is changed as each key switch is actuated. The oscillator is also disclosed for use as an ohm meter whereby a resistance to be measured is placed in the amplifier feedback path and the corresponding oscillator frequency is monitored as a measure of the resistance.
摘要翻译：振荡器包括一个操作积分器，施密特触发器和一个连续串联连接在一个闭合反馈回路中的运算放大器。振荡器频率与运算放大器的负反馈路径中的电阻成正比。该振荡器非常适用于乐器中的乐音发生器，其中放大器反馈电阻随着每个键开关被致动而改变。还公开了用作欧姆计的振荡器，由此将待测量的电阻放置在放大器反馈路径中，并且将相应的振荡器频率作为电阻的量度进行监视。

9. 发明授权

US3838351A Active notch filter and dual mode filter/oscillator 失效
标题翻译：主动插槽滤波器和双模滤波器/振荡器
公开(公告)号：US3838351A
公开(公告)日：1974-09-24
申请号：US37888873
申请日：1973-07-13
申请人： HEKIMIAN LABORATORIES INC
发明人： HEKIMIAN N
IPC分类号： H03B5/20 , H03B5/26 , H03H11/12 , H03F3/68
CPC分类号： H03H11/126 , H03B5/20 , H03B5/26 , H03B2200/0086
摘要： A high-Q active notch filter includes only one operational amplifier employing resistive positive feedback and reactive negative feedback. The positive feedback resistance can be selectively changed to convert the notch filter to an oscillator operating at the notch frequency.
摘要翻译：高Q有源陷波滤波器仅包括采用电阻正反馈和反馈负反馈的一个运算放大器。可以选择性地改变正反馈电阻以将陷波滤波器转换为以陷波频率工作的振荡器。

10. 发明授权

US3824496A Gyrator circuits comprising operational amplifiers and oscillating utilizing same 失效
标题翻译：包括运算放大器的陀螺仪电路和使用振荡器的振荡器
公开(公告)号：US3824496A
公开(公告)日：1974-07-16
申请号：US40159173
申请日：1973-09-28
申请人： HEKIMIAN LABORATORIES INC
发明人： HEKIMIAN N
IPC分类号： H03H11/42 , H03H11/00 , H03B7/02
CPC分类号： H03H11/42
摘要： A Riordan-type gyrator circuit, consisting of two stages of differential operational amplifiers and five inductancedetermining impedances, is improved to avoid circuit latch-up at turn-on and to double the operative frequency range. The improvement involves deriving the input signal for the noninverting input terminal of the second stage from a voltage divider at the output of the first stage rather than from the same input signal applied to the non-inverting input terminal of the first stage. In addition to its gyrator function, the circuit can be modified to serve as an oscillator by employing positive feedback around the first stage. By rendering the voltage divider adjustable at the output of the first stage, the input conductance of the circuit is rendered variable between positive and negative conductances. The circuit also permits simulation of floating and mutually coupled inductors.
摘要翻译：改进了由两级差分运算放大器和五个电感确定阻抗组成的Riordan型回转器电路，以避免导通时电路闭锁并使工作频率范围翻倍。该改进涉及从第一级输出端的分压器而不是从施加到第一级的非反相输入端的相同输入信号导出第二级的非反相输入端的输入信号。除了其回转器功能之外，可以通过在第一级周围采用正反馈来将电路修改为用作振荡器。通过使分压器在第一级的输出端可调，电路的输入电导在正和负电导之间变化。该电路还允许模拟浮动和相互耦合的电感器。

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