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1. 发明授权

US06936238B2 Compact partial oxidation/steam reactor with integrated air preheater, fuel and water vaporizer 有权
标题翻译：紧凑型部分氧化/蒸汽反应堆，集成空气预热器，燃料和水蒸发器
公开(公告)号：US06936238B2
公开(公告)日：2005-08-30
申请号：US10236828
申请日：2002-09-06
申请人： Mohammed E. H. Sennoun , William H. Pettit , Rodney L. Borup , Gerald E. Voecks
发明人： Mohammed E. H. Sennoun , William H. Pettit , Rodney L. Borup , Gerald E. Voecks
IPC分类号： B01B1/00 , B01J8/04 , C01B3/38 , C01B3/48 , H01M8/06 , C01B3/26
CPC分类号： C01B3/48 , B01B1/005 , B01J8/0411 , B01J2208/00309 , C01B3/382 , C01B3/384 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0255 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/044 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/1276 , C01B2203/142 , C01B2203/1604 , C01B2203/80 , C01B2203/82 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/0662 , Y02P20/129
摘要： A compact autothermal (partial oxidation and steam reforming) fuel reactor is provided for implementation with a fuel cell system. The reactor includes a premixing chamber for premixing a volume of air, steam and fuel into an effluent, a thermal POX reactor, a first stage reforming segment, a post-premix chamber, and a second stage reforming segment. Further provided are a water/fuel vaporizer for supplying steam and fuel as a gas to the premix chamber and an airflow cavity disposed about the reactor for pre-heating air supplied to the premix chamber. The thermal POX segment operates during an initial start-up period for pre-heating the other components of the reactor. Once the other components achieve an operation temperature, the first and second stage reforming segments catalytically reform the effluent. The premix and post-premix chambers enable variance in the O/C and S/C ratios to be achieved as the effluent is reformed through the multiple stages.
摘要翻译：提供紧凑型自热（部分氧化和蒸汽重整）燃料反应器用于实施燃料电池系统。反应器包括预混合室，用于将体积的空气，蒸汽和燃料预先混合到流出物中，热POX反应器，第一级重整段，后预混合室和第二级重整段。还提供了一种用于将蒸汽和燃料作为气体供应到预混合室的水/燃料蒸发器和设置在反应器周围的用于预加热供应到预混合室的空气的气流腔。热POX段在初始启动期间运行，用于预热反应堆的其他部件。一旦其它组分达到操作温度，第一和第二阶段重整段催化改性流出物。预混合和预混合室可以实现O / C和S / C比的变化，因为流出物通过多级重整。

2. 发明授权

US06794080B2 Electrochemical energy conversion 失效
标题翻译：电化学能转换
公开(公告)号：US06794080B2
公开(公告)日：2004-09-21
申请号：US10732499
申请日：2003-12-10
申请人： Mohammed E. Sennoun , Gerald E. Voecks , Gerald W. Fly , Gary M. Robb
发明人： Mohammed E. Sennoun , Gerald E. Voecks , Gerald W. Fly , Gary M. Robb
IPC分类号： H01M486
CPC分类号： H01M8/1007
摘要： Various devices and methods for achieving electrochemical energy conversion are presented. In accordance with one embodiment, an energy conversion cell is configured to enable the first and second reactant supplies to communicate selectively with first and second catalytic electrodes of the cell. The selective communication of the first and second reactant supplies with the first and second catalytic electrodes may be attributable to alteration of the reactant supply flow paths or to movement of the first and second catalytic electrodes.
摘要翻译：提出了用于实现电化学能量转换的各种装置和方法。根据一个实施例，能量转换单元被配置为使得第一和第二反应物供应物能够选择性地与电池的第一和第二催化电极连通。第一和第二反应物供应与第一和第二催化电极的选择性连通可归因于反应物供应流动路径的改变或第一和第二催化电极的运动。

3. 发明授权

US5608179A Catalytic ignitor for regenerative propellant gun 失效
标题翻译：用于再生推进剂枪的催化点火器
公开(公告)号：US5608179A
公开(公告)日：1997-03-04
申请号：US200785
申请日：1994-02-18
申请人： Gerald E. Voecks , Ned W. Ferraro
发明人： Gerald E. Voecks , Ned W. Ferraro
IPC分类号： F41A1/04 , F41F1/00
CPC分类号： F41A1/04
摘要： An ignitor initiates combustion of liquid propellant in a gun by utilizing a heated catalyst onto which the liquid propellant is sprayed in a manner which mitigates the occurrence of undesirable combustion chamber oscillations. The heater heats the catalyst sufficiently to provide the activation necessary to initiate combustion of the liquid propellant sprayed thereonto. Two embodiments of the ignitor and three alternative mountings thereof within the combustion chamber are disclosed. The ignitor may also be utilized to dispose of contaminated, excess, or waste liquid propellant in a safe, controlled, simple, and reliable manner.
摘要翻译：点火器通过利用加热的催化剂引发喷射器中的液体推进剂的燃烧，喷射液体推进剂以减轻不期望的燃烧室振荡的发生的方式喷射。加热器充分加热催化剂以提供启动喷射在其上的液体推进剂的燃烧所必需的活化。公开了燃烧室内的点火器和三个替代安装件的两个实施例。点火器也可用于以安全，受控，简单和可靠的方式处理受污染，过剩或废液推进剂。

4. 发明授权

US4964881A Calcium impregnation of coal enriched in CO.sub.2 using high-pressure techniques 失效
标题翻译：使用高压技术对富含CO 2的煤的钙浸渍
公开(公告)号：US4964881A
公开(公告)日：1990-10-23
申请号：US309656
申请日：1989-02-13
申请人： Pramod K. Sharma , Gerald E. Voecks , George R. Gavalas
发明人： Pramod K. Sharma , Gerald E. Voecks , George R. Gavalas
IPC分类号： C10L9/02 , C10L9/10
CPC分类号： C10L9/10 , C10L9/02
摘要： Methods are described for impregnating coal with calcium carbonate by utilizing an aqueous phase ionic reaction between calcium acetate, calcium hydroxide, and water with CO.sub.2 contained within the coal. The coal is enriched in CO.sub.2 by contacting it with CO.sub.2 at high pressure, in either a continuous or pulsed mode. The inclusion of CO.sub.2 in the coal during the process does not involve evacuating the coal and subsequently absorbing CO.sub.2 onto the coal as in prior methods. Rather, the coal is treated with carbon dioxide at high pressure in a practical and viable approach. The impregnation of coal by calcium compounds not only reduces sulfur emissions by effectively tying up the sulfur as calcium sulfide or sulfate, but also increases the gasification or combustion rate. The invention also encompasses the use of other Group IIA elements, as well as the coal products resulting from the methods of treatment described.
摘要翻译：描述了用碳酸钙浸渍煤的方法，其中通过利用乙酸钙，氢氧化钙和水中的水相离子反应与煤中包含的CO 2。煤通过与CO 2在高压下以连续或脉冲模式进行接触来富集CO 2。在该过程中将CO 2包含在煤中不涉及抽空煤并随后将CO 2吸收到煤上，如在现有方法中那样。相反，在实际可行的方法中，用高压二氧化碳处理煤。用钙化合物浸渍煤不仅通过有效地将硫硫化为硫化物或硫酸盐来减少硫的排放，而且还增加了气化或燃烧速率。本发明还包括使用其它IIA族元素以及由所述的处理方法得到的煤制品。

5. 发明授权

US08445145B2 Stack shutdown purge method 有权
标题翻译：堆栈关闭清洗方法
公开(公告)号：US08445145B2
公开(公告)日：2013-05-21
申请号：US11534272
申请日：2006-09-22
申请人： John P. Salvador , Craig S. Gittleman , Gerald E. Voecks
发明人： John P. Salvador , Craig S. Gittleman , Gerald E. Voecks
IPC分类号： H01M8/00
CPC分类号： H01M8/04302 , B01J20/06 , B01J20/18 , B01J20/20 , B01J20/3408 , B01J20/3416 , B01J20/3433 , B01J20/3458 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04231 , H01M8/04303 , H01M8/04955 , H01M2008/1095 , H01M2250/20 , Y02T90/32
摘要： A method of purging residual hydrogen from a fuel cell stack is disclosed. The method includes providing an air stream, providing a temporary nitrogen stream by removing oxygen from the air stream with an adsorbent bed and passing the nitrogen stream through the fuel cell stack.
摘要翻译：公开了一种从燃料电池堆中清除残余氢的方法。该方法包括提供空气流，通过用吸附剂床从空气流中除去氧气并使氮气流通过燃料电池堆来提供临时氮气流。

6. 发明授权

US07524344B2 Carbon monoxide adsorption for carbon monoxide clean-up in a fuel cell system 有权
公开(公告)号：US07524344B2
公开(公告)日：2009-04-28
申请号：US11243084
申请日：2005-10-04
申请人： Craig S. Gittleman , William H. Pettit , Gerald E. Voecks
发明人： Craig S. Gittleman , William H. Pettit , Gerald E. Voecks
IPC分类号： C10J3/46
CPC分类号： B01D53/06 , B01D53/047 , B01D53/261 , B01D2253/102 , B01D2253/104 , B01D2253/106 , B01D2253/108 , B01D2253/1124 , B01D2253/25 , B01D2256/16 , B01D2257/502 , B01D2257/80 , B01D2258/0208 , B01D2259/40001 , B01D2259/40052 , B01D2259/40056 , B01D2259/40081 , B01D2259/4145 , C01B3/48 , C01B3/56 , C01B2203/0283 , C01B2203/043 , C01B2203/0465 , C01B2203/047 , C01B2203/0475 , C01B2203/0495 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/146 , H01M8/0662
摘要： An apparatus removes carbon monoxide (CO) from a hydrogen-rich gas stream in a hydrogen fuel cell system. CO fouls costly catalytic particles in the membrane electrode assemblies of proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells. A vessel houses a carbon monoxide adsorbent. The vessel may be a rotating pressure swing adsorber. A water gas shift reactor is upstream of the rotating pressure swing adsorber. The water gas shift reactor may include a second adsorbent adapted to adsorb carbon monoxide at low temperatures and to desorb carbon monoxide at high temperatures. The apparatus advantageously eliminates the use of a preferential oxidation (PROX) reactor, by providing an apparatus which incorporates CO adsorption in the place of the PROX reactor. This cleans up carbon monoxide without hydrogen consumption and the concomitant, undesirable excess low grade heat generation. The present invention reduces start-up duration, and improves overall fuel processor efficiency during normal operation.

7. 发明授权

US4948728A Monolith reactor containing a plurality of flow passages and method for carrying out biological reactions 失效
标题翻译：包含多个流动通道的整体反应器和进行生物反应的方法
公开(公告)号：US4948728A
公开(公告)日：1990-08-14
申请号：US166258
申请日：1988-03-10
申请人： Gregory Stephanopoulos , Julia A. Kornfield , Gerald E. Voecks
发明人： Gregory Stephanopoulos , Julia A. Kornfield , Gerald E. Voecks
IPC分类号： C12M1/40
CPC分类号： C12M47/10 , C12M23/20 , C12M23/24 , C12M29/04 , Y10S435/813 , Y10S435/818
摘要： Biological reactions are carried out with a unitary structure, preferably formed of a ceramic material, having a plurality of flow passages including first and second sets of flow passages arranged so that individual passages of the first set are adjacent individual passages of the second set and are separated by walls formed of the ceramic material. The ceramic material is porous to provide mass transfer of gaseous oxygen and biological reaction products while containing liquid in the second set of passages. Walls of the passages may be covered with a gaseous oxygen permeable membrane. Inside walls of the second set of passages may coated with a compound adapted to immobilize biological reaction materials. In a biological reaction, the first set of passages are contacted with a fluid such as an air stream to provide gaseous oxygen, and a fluid flow such as a nutrient medium is established through the second set of flow passages whereby an oxygen flow producing gradient is produced through the porous ceramic material between the first and second sets of flow passages to supply oxygen for cells immobilized on inside walls of the second set of flow passages.
摘要翻译：生物反应采用整体结构进行，优选由陶瓷材料形成，其具有多个流动通道，其包括第一组和第二组流动通道，其布置成使得第一组的各个通道相邻于第二组的各个通道，并且分别是由陶瓷材料形成的壁分隔开。陶瓷材料是多孔的，以提供气态氧和生物反应产物的质量传递，同时在第二组通道中含有液体。通道的壁可以用气体氧气渗透膜覆盖。第二组通道的内壁可涂覆有适于固定生物反应材料的化合物。在生物反应中，第一组通道与诸如空气流的流体接触以提供气态氧，并且通过第二组流动通道建立流体流如营养培养基，由此产生氧气的梯度为通过第一组和第二组流动通道之间的多孔陶瓷材料产生，以便为固定在第二组流动通道的内壁上的细胞供应氧气。

8. 发明授权

US08790114B2 Byproduct compound retention device for fuel rich start-up combustor 有权
标题翻译：用于燃料丰富的启动燃烧器的副产物复合保留装置
公开(公告)号：US08790114B2
公开(公告)日：2014-07-29
申请号：US10256666
申请日：2002-09-27
申请人： Steven G Goebel , Gerald E Voecks , Robert N Carter
发明人： Steven G Goebel , Gerald E Voecks , Robert N Carter
IPC分类号： F23D11/44 , H01M8/06 , H01M8/04 , B01D47/00 , B01D53/56
CPC分类号： H01M8/04225 , H01M8/04022 , H01M8/04223 , H01M8/04303 , H01M8/0612 , H01M8/0662
摘要： The present invention relates to a fuel processing unit in an electrochemical fuel cell power plant, and more specifically to a preheater combustor that forms byproduct compounds that may destroy downstream catalytic reactors for fuel reforming. The present invention includes a retention material that collects the byproduct compounds prior to entry into the downstream reactors. The retention material may be comprised of at least one active compound and a support structure, preferably having a porous body to facilitate tortuous fluid flow. Further aspects of the invention may include an electrical charging device for use with the retention device material that enhances collection of byproduct compounds. The present invention also includes a method of operation for start-up incorporating a retention material.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种电化学燃料电池发电厂中的燃料处理单元，更具体地说涉及形成可能破坏用于燃料重整的下游催化反应器的副产物化合物的预热器燃烧器。本发明包括在进入下游反应器之前收集副产物化合物的保留材料。保留材料可以由至少一种活性化合物和支撑结构构成，优选具有多孔体以促进曲折的流体流动。本发明的另外方面可以包括用于与增强副产物化合物的收集的保留装置材料一起使用的充电装置。本发明还包括一种启动并入保持材料的操作方法。

9. 发明授权

US06921516B2 Reactor system including auto ignition and carbon suppression foam 失效
标题翻译：反应器系统包括自动点火和碳抑制泡沫
公开(公告)号：US06921516B2
公开(公告)日：2005-07-26
申请号：US09976925
申请日：2001-10-15
申请人： Steven G. Goebel , Gerald E. Voecks , Robert N. Carter
发明人： Steven G. Goebel , Gerald E. Voecks , Robert N. Carter
IPC分类号： B01J8/04 , B01J12/00 , B01J19/24 , B01J19/26 , C01B3/36 , C01B3/38 , C01B3/40 , H01M8/06 , H01M8/10 , B01J8/02 , C10J3/20
CPC分类号： H01M8/0631 , B01J8/043 , B01J8/0492 , B01J12/007 , B01J19/2485 , B01J19/26 , B01J2208/025 , B01J2219/0025 , B01J2219/00263 , B01J2219/182 , B01J2219/185 , C01B3/382 , C01B2203/00 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0288 , C01B2203/044 , C01B2203/049 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/1011 , C01B2203/1023 , C01B2203/1052 , C01B2203/1064 , C01B2203/107 , C01B2203/1276 , C01B2203/1288 , C01B2203/142 , C01B2203/82 , H01M8/0612
摘要： A reactor system including a reactor housing having an inlet portion defined at one end of the housing and having a discharge opening formed in the housing at an opposite end. An air intake charge line is connected to the housing for charging air into the inlet portion. A steam charge line is connected to the housing for charging steam into the inlet portion. A fuel injector is positioned in the housing for injecting fuel into the stream of air and steam flowing through the housing. A fuel charge line is connected to the fuel injector for charging a carbon-based fuel into the injector. A catalyst bed is carried in the housing and positioned downstream of the fuel injector and at least a portion of the catalyst bed includes a catalyst for promoting the reformation of the carbon-based fuel to produce hydrogen. An auto-ignition suppression and carbon-suppression foam is carried in the housing and positioned between the catalyst bed and the fuel injector.
摘要翻译：一种反应堆系统，包括反应器壳体，其具有限定在壳体的一端的入口部分，并且具有形成在壳体中的相对端处的排出口。进气充气管线连接到壳体，用于将空气充入入口部分。蒸汽加料管线连接到壳体，用于将蒸汽充入入口部分。燃料喷射器定位在壳体中，用于将燃料喷射到流过壳体的空气流和蒸汽中。燃料加注管线连接到燃料喷射器以将碳基燃料充入喷射器。催化剂床承载在壳体中并且位于燃料喷射器的下游，并且催化剂床的至少一部分包括用于促进碳基燃料的重整以产生氢的催化剂。自动点火抑制和碳抑制泡沫在壳体中承载并且位于催化剂床和燃料喷射器之间。

10. 发明授权

US07517372B2 Integrated fuel processor subsystem with quasi-autothermal reforming 有权
标题翻译：具有准自热改造的综合燃料处理器子系统
公开(公告)号：US07517372B2
公开(公告)日：2009-04-14
申请号：US10788155
申请日：2004-02-26
申请人： Mohammed E Sennoun , Gerald E Voecks , Gary M Robb , William H Pettit , Steven G Goebel
发明人： Mohammed E Sennoun , Gerald E Voecks , Gary M Robb , William H Pettit , Steven G Goebel
IPC分类号： B01J8/00
CPC分类号： B01J8/0438 , B01J8/0492 , B01J8/0496 , B01J8/062 , B01J2208/00309 , B01J2208/00362 , B01J2208/00371 , B01J2208/00504 , B01J2208/0053 , C01B3/382 , C01B3/384 , C01B3/386 , C01B2203/0233 , C01B2203/0244 , C01B2203/0261 , C01B2203/066 , C01B2203/0811 , C01B2203/0844 , C01B2203/1276 , C01B2203/142 , C01B2203/1604 , C01B2203/82
摘要： The present invention includes an integrated fuel processor subsystem incorporating a thermal combustor, a catalytic combustor, a quasi-autothermal reactor (QATR) and a air-fuel-steam (AFS) mixer to provide a range of operating modes exhibiting performance between that of a pure steam reformer and a pure autothermal reformer to increase the flexibility of the fuel processor to handle transient system demands such as cold starts, suppress emissions and carbon formation and improve efficiency.
摘要翻译：本发明包括结合有热燃烧器，催化燃烧器，准自热电抗器（QATR）和空气 - 燃料 - 蒸汽（AFS）混合器的综合燃料处理器子系统，以提供一系列操作模式，纯蒸汽重整器和纯自热重整器，以增加燃料处理器的灵活性来处理瞬态系统需求，如冷启动，抑制排放和碳形成以及提高效率。

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