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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Integrated electron optical/differential pumping/imaging signal system
for an environmental scanning electron microscope
    • 用于环境扫描电子显微镜的集成电子光学/差分泵浦/成像信号系统
    • US5250808A
    • 1993-10-05
    • US908870
    • 1992-07-01
    • Gerasimos D. DanilatosGeorge C. Lewis
    • Gerasimos D. DanilatosGeorge C. Lewis
    • H01J37/244H01J37/252
    • H01J37/244H01J2237/2448H01J2237/2449H01J2237/24507H01J2237/2608
    • This invention provides for an integrated electron optical/differential pumping/imaging signal detection system for an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM). The ESEM includes a substantially cylindrical objective lens magnetic housing containing an axially disposed vacuum liner tube and containing means for magnetically focusing a beam of electrons passing through said liner tube. An annular ring comprised of magnetic materials abuts said magnetic housing at the lower end thereof and contains at least two pumping ports therein located axially with respect to one another. At least two annular nonmagnetic diaphragms and a final magnetic annular diaphragm are attached to the annular ring at different axial locations and extending inwardly therefrom. The diaphragms define at least two interior passages which each communicate with one of the pumping ports formed in the annular ring. A combination aperture holder and electron detector is releasably received and sealed with in the central openings of the annular diaphragms. The aperture holder has apertures therein for the passage of the electron beam and gas into and out of the specimen chamber of the ESEM and the interior passages and has electron detector means associated with the lower portion thereof.
    • 本发明提供了一种用于环境扫描电子显微镜(ESEM)的集成电子光学/差分泵浦/成像信号检测系统。 ESEM包括基本上圆柱形的物镜磁性壳体,其包含轴向设置的真空衬套管和用于磁化聚焦通过所述衬管的电子束的容纳装置。 由磁性材料构成的环形环在其下端邻接所述磁性壳体并且在其中包含至少两个相对于彼此轴向的泵送端口。 至少两个环形非磁性膜片和最终的磁性环形隔膜在不同的轴向位置附接到环形环并从其向内延伸。 隔膜限定至少两个内部通道,每个内部通道与形成在环形环中的一个泵送端口连通。 组合的孔保持器和电子检测器可释放地接收并密封在环形隔膜的中心开口中。 孔保持器具有用于电子束和气体进入和离开ESEM和内部通道的样本室的孔,并具有与其下部相关联的电子检测器装置。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • Integrated electron optical/differential pumping/imaging signal
detection system for an environmental scanning electron microscope
    • 用于环境扫描电子显微镜的集成电子光学/差分泵浦/成像信号检测系统
    • US4823006A
    • 1989-04-18
    • US158208
    • 1988-02-19
    • Gerasimos D. DanilatosGeorge C. Lewis
    • Gerasimos D. DanilatosGeorge C. Lewis
    • H01J37/06G01N23/00G02B21/02H01J31/28H01J37/02H01J37/141H01J37/16H01J37/20H01J37/244H01J37/252H01J37/26H01J37/28
    • H01J37/244H01J37/141H01J37/16H01J37/28H01J2237/2448H01J2237/2449H01J2237/24507H01J2237/2608
    • This invention provides for an integrated electron optical/differential pumping/imaging signal detection system for an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM). The ESEM includes a substantially cylindrical objective lens magnetic housing containing an axially disposed vacuum liner tube and containing means for magnetically focusing a beam of electrons passing through said liner tube. An annular ring comprised of magnetic materials abuts said magnetic housing at the lower end thereof and contains at least two pumping ports therein located axially with respect to one another. At least two annular nonmagnetic diaphragms and a final magnetic annular diaphragm are attached to the annular ring at different axial locations and extending inwardly therefrom. The diaphragms define at least two interior passages which each communicate with one of the pumping ports formed in the annular ring. A combination aperture holder and electron detector is releasably received and sealed with in the central openings of the annular diaphragms. The aperture holder has apertures therein for the passage of the electron beam and gas into and out of the specimen chamber of the ESEM and the interior passages and has electron detector means associated with the lower portion thereof.
    • 本发明提供了一种用于环境扫描电子显微镜(ESEM)的集成电子光学/差分泵浦/成像信号检测系统。 ESEM包括基本上圆柱形的物镜磁性壳体,其包含轴向设置的真空衬套管和用于磁化聚焦通过所述衬管的电子束的容纳装置。 由磁性材料构成的环形环在其下端邻接所述磁性壳体并且在其中包含至少两个相对于彼此轴向的泵送端口。 至少两个环形非磁性膜片和最终的磁性环形隔膜在不同的轴向位置附接到环形环并从其向内延伸。 隔膜限定至少两个内部通道,每个内部通道与形成在环形环中的一个泵送端口连通。 组合的孔保持器和电子检测器可释放地接收并密封在环形隔膜的中心开口中。 孔保持器具有用于电子束和气体进入和离开ESEM和内部通道的样本室的孔,并具有与其下部相关联的电子检测器装置。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Test-cutting target for edged-weapons practice
    • 边防武器实践的试验目标
    • US07350785B2
    • 2008-04-01
    • US11460978
    • 2006-07-29
    • George C. Lewis
    • George C. Lewis
    • F41J3/00
    • A63B69/004A63B69/02A63B69/34A63B2069/0044A63B2244/10F41J1/00
    • Improved targets suitable for cutting with an edged weapon are disclosed. In an embodiment the target is a prism made of polyethylene foam with a hole for receiving a peg and an external indicia alerting the practitioner of the depth of the hole and, thereby, what portion of the target may be cut without risk of cutting the peg. In an embodiment the target is comprises a polyethylene foam tube or rod with the exterior cylindrical wall covered by a sheath of material, such as paper, that prevents the foam from bending and thereby increases the rigidity of the target. An improved peg for receiving and positively, but removably, engaging a foam target is also disclosed.
    • 披露了适用于边缘武器切割的改进目标。 在一个实施例中,目标是由聚乙烯泡沫制成的棱镜,其具有用于接收栓钉的孔和外部标记,以向医生提醒孔的深度,从而可以切割目标的哪一部分而不会切割钉的风险 。 在一个实施例中,目标包括聚乙烯泡沫管或杆,其外部圆柱形壁由诸如纸的材料护套覆盖,防止泡沫弯曲并由此增加目标的刚度。 还公开了一种改进的用于接收和积极地,但可拆卸地接合泡沫体目标的钉。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • System and method for positioning an object through use of a rotating laser metrology system
    • 通过使用旋转激光测量系统定位物体的系统和方法
    • US07298495B2
    • 2007-11-20
    • US11167006
    • 2005-06-23
    • George C. LewisZelimir Krokar
    • George C. LewisZelimir Krokar
    • G01B9/02
    • H01J37/20H01J2237/20292
    • A motion system includes a first stage that is configured to rotate about a first axis and a second stage coupled to the first stage that includes an object carrier adapted to position an object in at least one other axis. The motion system has a novel arrangement of laser interferometer elements and axes of motion. The arrangement permits accurate and precise measurement of a position of the object carrier in up to three (or more) axes of motion even as the first stage of the motion system is tilted through relatively large angles. The novel arrangement of the axes of motion also enables very precise control of the position of the object carrier even at high tilt angles.
    • 运动系统包括第一阶段,其被配置为围绕第一轴线旋转,第二平台联接到第一平台,第二平台包括适于将物体定位在至少一个其它轴线上的物体承载件。 运动系统具有激光干涉仪元件和运动轴的新颖布置。 即使当运动系统的第一阶段通过相对大的角度倾斜时,这种布置允许对象载体在多达三个(或更多)运动轴中的位置的精确和精确的测量。 即使在高倾角下,运动轴的新颖布置也能够非常精确地控制物体载体的位置。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Test-cutting target for edged-weapons practice
    • 边防武器实践的试验目标
    • US07293777B2
    • 2007-11-13
    • US10769020
    • 2004-01-29
    • George C. Lewis
    • George C. Lewis
    • F41J3/00
    • A63B69/34A63B69/004A63B69/02A63B2069/0044A63B2244/10F41J1/00
    • Embodiments of the present invention are improved targets suitable for cutting with an edged weapon. In an embodiment the target may be a traditional straw mat target held together by a hydraulic binder composition. In yet other embodiments, the target may be made of multiple layers of synthetic materials to give different properties. One embodiment is a target with an inner portion and an outer portion. The outer portion may be selected from a material that gives the appropriate initial cutting properties while the inner portion provides a cutting resistance. In addition, shaped targets having multiple differing cutting surfaces are disclosed, as is a method for creating a target to simulate a predefined sequence of cuts.
    • 本发明的实施例是适用于边缘武器切割的改进目标。 在一个实施方案中,靶可以是通过水硬性粘合剂组合物保持在一起的传统秸秆垫靶。 在其它实施方案中,靶可以由多层合成材料制成以产生不同的性质。 一个实施例是具有内部部分和外部部分的目标。 外部可以选自在内部提供切割阻力的同时提供适当的初始切割特性的材料。 此外,公开了具有多个不同切割表面的成形目标,以及用于创建目标以模拟预定义的切割序列的方法。