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    • 1. 发明申请
      US20050245341A1 Electric drive unit for motor vehicles 有权
    • Electric drive unit for motor vehicles
    • 机动车电动机组
    • US20050245341A1
    • 2005-11-03
    • US11044735
    • 2005-01-28
    • Anton Mueller , Fritz Walter , Peter Ehrhart , Jens Steffen
    • Anton Mueller , Fritz Walter , Peter Ehrhart , Jens Steffen
    • B60K7/00 , B60K11/06 , H02K7/00 , H02K7/116 , F16H3/72
    • B60K7/0007 , B60K11/06 , B60K17/046 , B60K2007/0038 , B60K2007/0092
    • An electric drive unit for a motor vehicle comprises an electric motor having a motor housing, a stator mounted in the motor housing and having coil-wound poles, a rotor arranged internally of the stator with an air gap present between the stator and the rotor, and a planetary gear system having a sun wheel, a planet carrier, planet wheels and a ring gear. The planet wheels have a maximum diameter and axial positioning that an imaginary common envelope cylinder for all maximum diameters of the planet wheels is located radially inside of the winding heads present on one axial side of the stator and axially beside the portion of the rotor adjoining the air gap and that the planet wheels project in axial direction outwardly beyond said winding heads either not at all or with less than 50% of their tooth width in engagement with the sun wheel.
    • 一种用于机动车辆的电动驱动装置，包括具有电动机壳体的电动机，安装在电动机壳体中并具有线圈绕组极的定子，配置在定子的内部的转子，其间存在定子和转子之间的气隙， 以及具有太阳轮，行星架，行星轮和环形齿轮的行星齿轮系统。 行星轮具有最大直径和轴向定位，用于行星轮的所有最大直径的虚拟共同信封筒位于存在于定子的一个轴向侧上的卷绕头的径向内侧，并且轴向位于与转子相邻的部分附近 空气间隙，并且行星轮在轴向方向上向外突出超过所述卷绕头，完全不是或者与其与太阳轮接合的齿宽小于其50％。
    • 基本信息 添加关注 加入工作空间 PDF全文 PDF下载 全文下载 相似专利 双屏查看 权利要求书 说明书全文 Global Dossier Espacenet 法律信息 同族专利 专利引用
    • 3. 发明授权
      US4010160A Process for the manufacture of 1,3-bis-(.beta.-ethylhexyl)-5-amino-5-methyl-hexahydropyrimidine 失效
    • Process for the manufacture of 1,3-bis-(.beta.-ethylhexyl)-5-amino-5-methyl-hexahydropyrimidine
    • 制备1,3-双 - （{62-乙基己基）-5-氨基-5-甲基 - 六氢嘧啶的方法
    • US4010160A
    • 1977-03-01
    • US544217
    • 1975-01-27
    • Fritz-Walter Lange , Gert Haffner , Jens Muller
    • Fritz-Walter Lange , Gert Haffner , Jens Muller
    • C07D239/04
    • C07D239/04
    • The process provided for the production of high-purity 1,3-bis-(.beta.-ethexyl)-5-amino-5-methyl-hexahydropyrimidine, also known as hexetidin, by reacting 1,3-bis-(.beta.-ethylhexyl)-5-nitro-5-methyl-hexahydropyrimidine with naphthalene-1,5-disulphonic acid in a solvent to selectively preciptitate the novel intermediate compound 1,3-bis-(.beta.-ethylhexyl)-5-nitro-5-methyl-hexahydropyrimidine-naphthalene-1,5-disulphonate, which is separated off, treated with aqueous alkali to produce 1,3-bis-(.beta.-ethylhexyl)-5-nitro-5-methyl-hexahydropyrimidine, and subsequently hydrogenated to produce high-purity hexetidin.The invention relates to an industrially practicable process for the manufacture of high-purity 1,3-bis(.beta.-ethylhexyl)-5-amino-5-methyl-hexahydropyrimidine of the formula ##STR1## which is also known by the name of hexetidin and in view of its antimicrobial activity is used as an antiseptic and insecticide.From M. Senkus, Journal of American Chemical Society, 68, 1611-1613 (1946), it is known to manufacture 5-nitrohexahydropyrimidine by reaction of an aliphatic amine with formaldehyde followed by reaction with an aliphatic nitro compound. These 5-nitro-hexahydropyrimidines are then hydrogenated in methanolic solution using raney nickel as catalyst, whereby the 5-amino-hexahydropyrimidines are formed.Similarly to this process described by Senkus, the 1,3-bis-(.beta.-ethylhexyl)-5-nitro-5-methyl-hexahydropyrimidine can be obtained by reaction of 2-ethylhexylamine with formaldehyde followed by reaction with nitroethane. The oily reaction product, which is yellowish in colour, contains 1,3-bis-(.beta.-ethylhexyl)-5-nitro-5-methyl-hexahydropyrimidine, which can always only be obtained as a crude product of 70 to 80% in mixture with impurities which are present at 20 to 30% in addition to the main product. As by-products there have chiefly been observed N.sub.1,N.sub.3 -bis(ethylhexyl)-2-nitro-2-methyl-1,3-propanediamine of the formula ##STR2## and small quantities of other substances. This process has the disadvantage that the mixture of main product and byproduct cannot be separated by distillation, because the substances have very high boiling points lying very close to one another.The highly impure mixture, which contains the desired nitro compound only up to 70 to 80% is then hydrogenated in an autoclave at 100 to 120 atmospheres overpressure in methanolic solution using raney nickel as catalyst. After blowing off the hydrogen, the contents of the autoclave after being freed from the catalyst by filtration are freed of water and organic solvents in a vacuum at a maximum temperature of 50.degree. C. The product thus obtained is a crude hexetidin containing at the most 70% and usually only 60% hexetidin and consequently unsuitable for use in pharmaceutical preparations. There has therefore already been proposed a purification process, in order to obtain the synthesized crude product in pharmaceutical quality.There is also known another process for the manufacture of hexetidin using the Schmidt reaction (Kawahara, Chem. Abstr. 58, 1963, column 13968 g), though this has no significance for industrial purposes since it includes dangerous process steps and likewise leads to a highly impure hexetidin.From German Offenlegungsschrift No. 2011078 there is known a process which is based on the fact that from solutions of the crude hexetidin obtained in known manner the not-readily-soluble hexetidin-naphthalene-1,5-disulphonate is selectively separated out by means of naphthalene-1,5-disulphonic acid. Under the conditions of this process the secondary constituents present in the form of impurities form substantially more readily soluble salts, which remain in solution during the precipitation of the disulphonate. For the solvents in this case there are used low aliphatic alcohols or mixtures thereof with water. Preferably, 60 to 70% isopropyl alcohol is suggested for this purpose.By introduction into aqueous alkali, preferably into dilute soda lye, the hexetidin base is released from the salt; it may be taken up in a water-immiscible organic solvent. By careful distillation-off of the solvent in a vacuum, the pure hexetidin is then obtained. Although this process leads to a hexetidin which is largely free of byproducts, it has the disadvantage that for manufacture of the 5-amino compound the whole crude hexetidin has to be hydrogenated. Also there is a danger that further impurities, hitherto absent, might be formed as a result of the action, proposed in German Offenlegungsschrift No. 2011078, of a strong acid and of a lye on the already hydrogenated, sensitive product.The object of the invention is to avoid the above-mentioned disadvantages.It has unexpectedly been found that 1,3-bis-(.beta.-ethylhexyl)-5-amino-5-methyl-hexahydropyrimidine of pharmaceutical purity can be obtained by adding naphthalene-1,5-disulphonic acid in aqueous alcoholic solution to a mixture occurring in the case of the synthesis according to Senkus and containing 1,3-bis-(.beta.-ethylhexyl)-5-nitro-5-methyl-hexahydropyrimidine up to about 60 to 80% and about 20 to 40% of other by-products, and by separating off the thus selectively precipitated 1,3-bis-(.beta.-ethylhexyl)-5-nitro-5-methyl-hexahydropyrimidine-1,5-disulphonate. From this hitherto unknown compound of the following formula, which also has superior fungicidal and bactericidal properties, ##STR3## there can be obtained as a free base high-purity 1,3-bis-(.beta.-ethylhexyl)-5-nitro-5-methyl-hexahydropyrimidine, from which 1,3-bis-(.beta.-ethylhexyl)-5-amino-5-methyl-hexahydropyrimidine of pharmaceutical purity can be obtained by hydrogenation.The new compound 1,3-bis-(.beta.-ethylhexyl)-5-nitro-5-methyl-hexahydropyrimidine-naphthalene-1,5-disulphonate is obtained by reaction of crude 1,3-bis-(.beta.-ethylhexyl)-5-nitro-5-methyl-hexahydropyrimidine with naphthalene-1,5-disulphonic acid in a solvent. Particularly suitable as the solvent are low aliphatic alcohols such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol and especially isopropyl alcohol in mixtures thereof with water.The mixture ratio of alcohol to water should advantageously be greater than 1:1, preferably 2:1 to 5:1.The N.sub.1,N.sub.3 -bis-(ethylhexyl)-2-nitro-2-methylpropanediamine-1,5-disulphonate, which is the main impurity, is dissolved. Also the other accompanying substances are soluble in the aqueous/alcoholic medium.The selectively precipitated 1,3-bis-(.beta.-ethylhexyl)-5-nitro-5-methyl-hexahydropyrimidine-naphthalene-1,5-disulphonate is centrifuged off, washed with aqueous isopropyl alcohol, preferably 80% isopropyl alcohol, and dried at 50.degree. to 60.degree. C. The white crystals, which occur in very high yields, have a purity of more than 99%. The nitro base is separated from the salt by addition to aqueous alkali, preferably dilute soda lye or potash lye. Suitable for taking up the separated nitro base are water-immiscible solvents such as butyl alcohol, acetic acid ethyl ester, petroleum ether and chlorinated hydrocarbons, preferably methylene chloride. It has been found that methylene chloride is particularly suitable for taking up the nitro base because, in advantageous contrast to petroleum ether, it can easily be removed from the nitro base without great application of heat, whereby there is formed a particularly pure 1,3-bis-(.beta.-ethylhexyl)-5-nitro-5-methyl-hexahydropyrimidine of light colour. A further advantage of the use of methylene chloride lies in that less than half the quantity of this solvent is required for taking up the hexetidin compared to the necessary quantity of petroleum ether.The new intermediate product is then hydrogenated in known manner to form hexetidin of pharmaceutical purity.With the aid of this new compound, the rest of the synthesization, i.e. the hydrogenation, does not proceed on mixed products as in the case of the known processes, but rather it is only one homogeneous substance which is treated. In this way, the starting quantity and working time of the treatment are reduced. Also there is obtained a hexetidin which from the economic point of view is purer than in the case of all the other known processes, since the separation of the by-products which in the known methods are also hydrogenated is an extremely elaborate operation.The 1,3-bis-(.beta.-ethylhexyl)-5-nitro-5-methyl-hexahydropyrimidine exhibits completely different properties compared to hexetidin. Thus, for example, this nitro compound does not form a salt with oxalic acid, but merely an oily liquid. For selective purification, however, the formation of salt in the form of solids is necessary, so that these can be separated from the impurities. In contrast to this, the oxalate of hexetidin is crystalline, since in this case the salt formation takes place by way of the primary amino group. Instead of the primary amino group in the 5-position of the hexetidin, which alone forms a salt despite the considerable supply of acid in accordance with German Offenlegungsschrift No. 2011078, the nitro compound used in accordance with the invention for purification purposes contains no primary amino group. It is therefore unexpected that with naphthalene-2,5-disulphonic acid it should nevertheless form a salt in the form of a precipitate. It is current teaching that tertiary amines are screened off in their basic centres by long-chain and (as in the case of the nitro compound) in particular by branched-chain radicals and are sterically hindered in such a way that they are not capable of salt formation. Also, the nitro compound is greatly reduced in its basicity by the long-chain aliphatic radicals.It was thus necessary to overcome a series of generally held prejudices in order to arrive at the process in accordance with the invention.
    • 该方法通过使1,3-双（β-乙基己基）-5-氨基-5-甲基六氢嘧啶，也称为己啶啶，生产高纯度1,3-双（β-乙基己基）-5-氨基-5-甲基 - 六氢嘧啶， -5-硝基-5-甲基 - 六氢嘧啶与萘-1,5-二磺酸在溶剂中选择性地研究新的中间体化合物1,3-双 - （β-乙基己基）-5-硝基-5-甲基 - 六氢嘧啶 将其分离出，用碱水溶液处理，得到1,3-双（β-乙基己基）-5-硝基-5-甲基 - 六氢嘧啶，随后氢化， 纯度己内酯
    • 基本信息 添加关注 加入工作空间 PDF全文 PDF下载 全文下载 相似专利 双屏查看 权利要求书 说明书全文 Espacenet 法律信息 同族专利 专利引用
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