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1. 发明授权

US06376967B2 Inertial/audio unit and construction 有权
标题翻译：惯性/音响单位和施工
公开(公告)号：US06376967B2
公开(公告)日：2002-04-23
申请号：US09759844
申请日：2001-01-12
申请人： Erik Saarmaa , Kenneth B. Lazarus , Charles Van Hoy , Richard Perkins , Mark Beauregard
发明人： Erik Saarmaa , Kenneth B. Lazarus , Charles Van Hoy , Richard Perkins , Mark Beauregard
IPC分类号： H01L4108
CPC分类号： H04R17/005 , B06B1/0644 , G08B3/1041 , G08B3/1058 , H04R2499/11
摘要： An electrically driven signal unit is adapted for one-step assembly or injection molding with a device housing to vibrate, flex, beep or emit audio signals, or to sense and provide tactile feedback or control. The signal unit is a package with one or more active areas each containing a layer of ferroelectric or piezoelectric material, connected by inactive areas which may position, align and conduct electricity to the active areas. The active areas may be coupled over a region to transmit compressional, shear or flexural wave energy into the housing, or may contact at discrete regions while bending or displacing elsewhere to create inertial disturbances or impulses which are coupled to create a tactile vibration of the housing. The unit may be assembled such that the housing, the sheet or discrete areas thereof form a bender to provide tactile or sub-auditory signals to the user, or may be dimensioned, attached and actuated to produce audio vibration in the combined structure and constitute a speaker. In other embodiments one or more active regions of piezo material are attached to thin or movable wall regions of the unit to sense strain and, in conjunction with a conditioning circuit, produce electrical switching or control signals for the device. The invention also includes electroactive sheet structures having a polymer block, bracket or functional body formed therearound, which serves as a mounting, coupling or functional operating structure for the driven device.
摘要翻译：电驱动信号单元适于一体式组装或注射模制，其中装置壳体可振动，弯曲，嘟嘟声或发出音频信号，或感测和提供触觉反馈或控制。信号单元是具有一个或多个有源区域的封装，每个有源区域各自包含铁电或压电材料层，其通过非活动区域连接，其可以对活动区域定位，对准和传导电力。有源区域可以在区域上耦合以将压缩，剪切或弯曲波能量传递到壳体中，或者可以在离散区域处接触，同时在其他位置弯曲或移位以产生惯性干扰或脉冲，其耦合以产生壳体的触觉振动。该单元可以被组装成使得壳体，片材或其离散区域形成弯曲器以向用户提供触觉或子听觉信号，或者可以将其尺寸设置为附接和致动以在组合结构中产生音频振动，并且构成扬声器。在其它实施例中，压电材料的一个或多个有源区域附接到该单元的薄的或可移动的壁区域以感测应变，并且与调节电路一起产生用于该装置的电开关或控制信号。本发明还包括具有形成在其周围的聚合物块，支架或功能体的电活性片结构，其用作被驱动装置的安装，联接或功能操作结构。

2. 发明授权

US06198206B1 Inertial/audio unit and construction 失效
标题翻译：惯性/音响单位和施工
公开(公告)号：US06198206B1
公开(公告)日：2001-03-06
申请号：US09045750
申请日：1998-03-20
申请人： Erik Saarmaa , Kenneth B. Lazarus , Charles Van Hoy , Richard Perkins , Mark Beauregard
发明人： Erik Saarmaa , Kenneth B. Lazarus , Charles Van Hoy , Richard Perkins , Mark Beauregard
IPC分类号： H01L4108
CPC分类号： H04R17/005 , B06B1/0644 , G08B3/1041 , G08B3/1058 , H04R2499/11
摘要： An electrically driven signal unit is adapted for one-step assembly or injection molding with a device housing to vibrate, flex, beep or emit audio signals, or to sense and provide tactile feedback or control. The signal unit is a package with one or more active areas each containing a layer of ferroelectric or piezoelectric material, connected by inactive areas which may position, align and conduct electricity to the active areas. The active areas may be coupled over a region to transmit compressional, shear or flxural wave energy into the housing, or may contact at discrete regions while bending or displacing elsewhere to create inertial disturbances or impulses which are coupled to create a tactile vibration of the housing. The unit may be assembled such that the housing, the sheet or discrete areas thereof form a bender to provide tactile or sub-auditory signals to the user, or may be dimensioned, attached and actuated to produce audio vibration in the combined structure and constitute a speaker. In other embodiments one or more active regions of piezo material are attached to thin or movable wall regions of the unit to sense strain and, in conjunction with a conditioning circuit, produce electrical switching or control signals for the device. The invention also includes electroactive sheet structures having a polymer block, bracket or functional body formed therearound, which serves as a mounting, coupling or functional operating structure for the driven device.
摘要翻译：电驱动信号单元适于一体式组装或注射模制，其中装置壳体可振动，弯曲，嘟嘟声或发出音频信号，或感测和提供触觉反馈或控制。信号单元是具有一个或多个有源区域的封装，每个有源区域各自包含铁电或压电材料层，其通过非活动区域连接，其可以对活动区域定位，对准和传导电力。有源区域可以在区域上耦合以将压缩，剪切或者磁场波能量传递到壳体中，或者可以在离散区域处接触，同时在其他地方弯曲或移位以产生惯性干扰或脉冲，其耦合以产生壳体的触觉振动。该单元可以被组装成使得壳体，片材或其离散区域形成弯曲器以向用户提供触觉或子听觉信号，或者可以将其尺寸设置为附接和致动以在组合结构中产生音频振动，并且构成扬声器。在其它实施例中，压电材料的一个或多个有源区域附接到该单元的薄的或可移动的壁区域以感测应变，并且与调节电路一起产生用于该装置的电开关或控制信号。本发明还包括具有形成在其周围的聚合物块，支架或功能体的电活性片结构，其用作被驱动装置的安装，联接或功能操作结构。

3. 发明授权

US6093995A Hybrid motor 有权
标题翻译：混合电动机
公开(公告)号：US6093995A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-25
申请号：US237154
申请日：1999-01-25
申请人： Kenneth B. Lazarus , Edward F. Crawley , Farla M. Russo , Erik Saarmaa
发明人： Kenneth B. Lazarus , Edward F. Crawley , Farla M. Russo , Erik Saarmaa
IPC分类号： H01L41/09 , H02N2/06 , H02H2/02 , H01L41/08
CPC分类号： H02N2/043
摘要： A hybrid actuator includes strain actuated elements that displace fluid to move a piston, with the elements forming a fluid housing, and being oriented and actuated to optimize force, stroke or bandwidth. In one preferred embodiment the elements are cylinders enclosing the fluid, with radial and axial components of strain-induced dimensional change adding together to enhance displacement. In another preferred embodiment, piezo bender elements produce large stroke, high bandwidth movements. Strokes of up to fifty percent of actuator length, and bandwidths above 500 Hz are achieved in light weight electrically actuated devices free of external piping or hydraulics. The actuator is readily integrated into a gate valve, sub-woofer, or other driven device.
摘要翻译：混合致动器包括应变致动元件，其移动流体以移动活塞，其中元件形成流体壳体，并且被定向和致动以优化力，冲程或带宽。在一个优选实施例中，元件是包围流体的圆柱体，应变引起的尺寸变化的径向和轴向分量加在一起以增加位移。在另一个优选实施例中，压电弯曲元件产生大笔划，高带宽移动。在不受外部管道或液压作用的轻型电动装置中实现高达致动器长度的50％的行程和500Hz以上的带宽。致动器易于集成到闸阀，次低音扬声器或其他被驱动装置中。

4. 发明授权

US06359371B1 Inertial/audio unit and construction 有权
公开(公告)号：US06359371B1
公开(公告)日：2002-03-19
申请号：US09420532
申请日：1999-10-19
申请人： Richard Perkins , Gerald Caron , Erik Saarmaa
发明人： Richard Perkins , Gerald Caron , Erik Saarmaa
IPC分类号： H01L4108
CPC分类号： H04R17/005 , B06B1/0644 , G08B3/1041 , G08B3/1058 , H04R2499/11
摘要： An electrically driven signal unit is adapted for one-step assembly or injection molding with a device housing to vibrate, flex, beep or emit audio signals, or to sense and provide tactile feedback or control. The signal unit is a package with one or more active areas each containing a layer of ferroelectric or piezoelectric material, connected by inactive areas which may position, align and conduct electricity to the active areas. The active areas may be coupled over a region to transmit compressional, shear or flexural wave energy into the housing, or may contact at discrete regions while bending or displacing elsewhere to create inertial disturbances or impulses which are coupled to create a tactile vibration of the housing. The unit may be assembled such that the housing, the sheet or discrete areas thereof form a bender to provide tactile or sub-auditory signals to the user, or may be dimensioned, attached and actuated to produce audio vibration in the combined structure and constitute a speaker. In other embodiments one or more active regions of piezo material are attached to thin or movable wall regions of the unit to sense strain and, in conjunction with a conditioning circuit, produce electrical switching or control signals for the device. Other embodiments include devices having a tight tolerance between a housing wall and a signal module, and devices having one or more through-holes located on the housing wall. The invention also includes electroactive sheet structures having a polymer block, bracket or functional body formed therearound, which serves as a mounting, coupling or functional operating structure for the driven device.

5. 发明授权

US6024340A Valve assembly 失效
标题翻译：阀组件
公开(公告)号：US6024340A
公开(公告)日：2000-02-15
申请号：US760607
申请日：1996-12-04
申请人： Kenneth B. Lazarus , Erik Saarmaa , Jeffrey W. Moore , James Newman
发明人： Kenneth B. Lazarus , Erik Saarmaa , Jeffrey W. Moore , James Newman
IPC分类号： F16K31/00 , H01L41/09 , F16K31/02
CPC分类号： H01L41/0926 , F16K31/004 , H01L41/094
摘要： A valve assembly includes a flexible sheet actuator in which two piezo sheets are stacked and actuated in opposite senses to form a bending assembly. The inner faces of the first and second sheets of piezoelectric material are laminated to respective conductive lead paths on opposite sides of a two-sided flex circuit, and the outer faces of the sheets of material are each covered by and electrically contacted to another flex circuit to produce a totally enclosed flat bender. At least a portion of the flex circuits extend away from the bender to provide a flexible and robust conductive lead-in thereto. The electrical connection is a flat ribbon-like strip of lesser thickness than the bender, and may pass hermetically between a gasketed or sealed face and cover plate of the valve. The middle layer of the bender construction is an insulating film, and a narrow lead pattern on each side of the film provides an extended electrode contact path to each of the opposing piezo sheets while allowing the two sheets to act against each other through the film, achieving a high level of bending actuation. The actuator is an essentially planar assembly which both insulates the piezo electric elements and allows them to be cantilevered from a housing with a simple flat clamping plate. The electrode paths extending outside the clamped region may connect to one or more adjacent piezo elements, forming a multi-actuator strip assembly. Holes are punched through the assembly away from the piezo elements or lead paths to provide registration or to accommodate mounting bolts.
摘要翻译：阀组件包括柔性片致动器，其中两个压电片层叠并以相反的方向致动以形成弯曲组件。第一和第二片压电材料的内表面被层叠到双面柔性电路的相对侧上的相应的导电引线路径上，并且材料片的外表面各自被覆盖并与另一个柔性电路电接触生产一个完全封闭的平面弯曲机。柔性电路的至少一部分远离弯曲器延伸，以提供其中柔性且牢固的导电引入。电连接是比弯曲机厚度小的扁平带状条，并且可以密封地通过阀的密封面或密封面和盖板。弯曲结构的中间层是绝缘膜，并且薄膜的每一侧上的窄引线图案提供了每个相对的压电片的延伸的电极接触路径，同时允许两个片通过膜彼此作用，实现高水平的弯曲致动。致动器是基本上平面的组件，其将压电元件绝缘，并且允许它们用简单的平板夹板从壳体悬臂。延伸在夹紧区域外部的电极路径可以连接到一个或多个相邻的压电元件，形成多致动器条组件。孔通过组件穿过压电元件或引导路径，以提供对准或适应安装螺栓。

6. 发明授权

US06563254B2 Inertial/audio unit and construction 有权
公开(公告)号：US06563254B2
公开(公告)日：2003-05-13
申请号：US10047199
申请日：2002-01-15
申请人： Richard Perkins , Gerald Caron , Erik Saarmaa
发明人： Richard Perkins , Gerald Caron , Erik Saarmaa
IPC分类号： H01L4108
CPC分类号： H04R17/005 , B06B1/0644 , G08B3/1041 , G08B3/1058 , H04R2499/11
摘要： An electrically driven signal unit is adapted for one-step assembly or injection molding with a device housing to vibrate, flex, beep or emit audio signals, or to sense and provide tactile feedback or control. The signal unit is a package with one or more active areas each containing a layer of ferroelectric or piezoelectric material, connected by inactive areas which may position, align and conduct electricity to the active areas. The active areas may be coupled over a region to transmit compressional, shear or flexural wave energy into the housing, or may contact at discrete regions while bending or displacing elsewhere to create inertial disturbances or impulses which are coupled to create a tactile vibration of the housing. The unit may be assembled such that the housing, the sheet or discrete areas thereof form a bender to provide tactile or sub-auditory signals to the user, or may be dimensioned, attached and actuated to produce audio vibration in the combined structure and constitute a speaker. In other embodiments one or more active regions of piezo material are attached to thin or movable wall regions of the unit to sense strain and, in conjunction with a conditioning circuit, produce electrical switching or control signals for the device. Other embodiments include devices having a tight tolerance between a housing wall and a signal module, and devices having one or more through-holes located on the housing wall. The invention also includes electroactive sheet structures having a polymer block, bracket or functional body formed therearound, which serves as a mounting, coupling or functional operating structure for the driven device.

7. 发明授权

US06291928B1 High bandwidth, large stroke actuator 有权
标题翻译：高带宽，大行程执行器
公开(公告)号：US06291928B1
公开(公告)日：2001-09-18
申请号：US09461941
申请日：1999-12-15
申请人： Kenneth B. Lazarus , Jeffrey W. Moore , Erik Saarmaa , Eric Fitch , Carl Prestia , Edward F. Crawley
发明人： Kenneth B. Lazarus , Jeffrey W. Moore , Erik Saarmaa , Eric Fitch , Carl Prestia , Edward F. Crawley
IPC分类号： H01L4108
CPC分类号： H02N2/043
摘要： A hybrid actuator includes strain actuated elements that displace fluid to move a piston, with the elements forming a fluid housing, and being oriented and actuated to optimize force, stroke or bandwidth. In one preferred embodiment the elements are cylinders enclosing the fluid, with radial and axial components of strain-induced dimensional change adding together to enhance displacement. In another preferred embodiment, piezo bender elements produce large stroke, high bandwidth movements. Strokes of up to fifty percent of actuator length, and bandwidths above 500 Hz are achieved in light weight electrically actuated devices free of external piping or hydraulics. The actuator is readily integrated into a gate valve, sub-woofer, or other driven device.
摘要翻译：混合致动器包括应变致动元件，其移动流体以移动活塞，其中元件形成流体壳体，并且被定向和致动以优化力，冲程或带宽。在一个优选实施例中，元件是包围流体的圆柱体，应变引起的尺寸变化的径向和轴向分量加在一起以增加位移。在另一个优选实施例中，压电弯曲元件产生大笔划，高带宽移动。在不受外部管道或液压作用的轻型电动装置中实现高达致动器长度的50％的行程和500Hz以上的带宽。致动器易于集成到闸阀，次低音扬声器或其他被驱动装置中。

8. 发明授权

US5866971A Hybrid motor 失效
公开(公告)号：US5866971A
公开(公告)日：1999-02-02
申请号：US699680
申请日：1996-08-14
申请人： Kenneth B. Lazarus , Edward F. Crawley , Farla M. Russo , Erik Saarmaa
发明人： Kenneth B. Lazarus , Edward F. Crawley , Farla M. Russo , Erik Saarmaa
IPC分类号： H01L41/09 , H02N2/06 , H02H2/02 , H01L41/08
CPC分类号： H02N2/043
摘要： A hybrid actuator includes strain actuated elements that displace fluid to move a piston, with the elements forming a fluid housing, and being oriented and actuated to optimize force, stroke or bandwidth. In one preferred embodiment the elements are cylinders enclosing the fluid, with radial and axial components of strain-induced dimensional change adding together to enhance displacement. In another preferred embodiment, piezo bender elements produce large stroke, high bandwidth movements. Strokes of up to fifty percent of actuator length, and bandwidths above 500 Hz are achieved in light weight electrically actuated devices free of external piping or hydraulics. The actuator is readily integrated into a gate valve, sub-woofer, or other driven device.

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