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    • 6. 发明授权
    • Removal of impurities in the production of crystalline sodium carbonate, bicarbonate, or sulfite
    • 在生产结晶碳酸钠,碳酸氢盐或亚硫酸盐时除去杂质
    • US08337571B2
    • 2012-12-25
    • US12718098
    • 2010-03-05
    • James D. PhillipJessica A. MoteDavid W. Smith
    • James D. PhillipJessica A. MoteDavid W. Smith
    • B01D9/00
    • C01D5/14C01D5/16C01D7/26
    • A magnesium treatment for removing water-soluble impurities in a process for making crystalline sodium carbonate, bicarbonate, or sulfite. A waste comprising such impurities is treated with a magnesium compound to form water-insoluble matter which is removed to form a purified solution. The treatment may be performed on a solution which contains the waste and optionally dissolved calcined trona. The purified solution may be used as a feedstock to form crystalline soda ash, and/or used as a reactant to produce crystalline sodium sulfite or bicarbonate via reaction with SO2 or CO2. In preferred embodiments, the waste may comprise a purge or weak liquor, a reclaimed solid, or combinations thereof. The water-soluble impurities may be silicates and/or foam-causing impurities, and the waste may contain sodium bicarbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, and/or one or more sodium carbonate hydrates, such as decahydrate.
    • 在制造结晶碳酸钠,碳酸氢盐或亚硫酸盐的方法中除去水溶性杂质的镁处理。 包含这种杂质的废物用镁化合物处理以形成水不溶性物质,其被除去以形成纯化溶液。 处理可以在含有废物和任选溶解的煅烧天然碱的溶液上进行。 纯化的溶液可以用作原料以形成结晶苏打灰,和/或用作反应物以通过与SO 2或CO 2反应产生结晶亚硫酸钠或碳酸氢盐。 在优选的实施方案中,废物可以包含吹扫或弱液,再生固体或其组合。 水溶性杂质可以是硅酸盐和/或引起泡沫的杂质,并且废物可以含有碳酸氢钠,倍半碳酸钠和/或一种或多种碳酸钠水合物,例如十水合物。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Multiwavelength transmitter
    • 多波长发射机
    • US08326154B2
    • 2012-12-04
    • US12515318
    • 2007-11-16
    • Alistair J. PoustieGraeme D. MaxwellRichard WyattDavid W. SmithDavid G. MoodieIan F. Lealman
    • Alistair J. PoustieGraeme D. MaxwellRichard WyattDavid W. SmithDavid G. MoodieIan F. Lealman
    • H04J14/02
    • H04B10/506G02B6/12021G02B6/12023G02B6/12026G02B6/12028H01S5/0085H01S5/0268H04J14/02
    • A multiwavelength transmitter comprises several laser sources (1) each configured to generate light of a different wavelength and a first array waveguide grating (2) arranged to direct light from each of the laser sources (1) into a first waveguide. The transmitter further comprises several electroabsorption modulators (7) each arranged to modulate light at one of the wavelengths with a respective data signal and a second array waveguide grating (6) arranged to direct each of said different wavelengths of light from the first waveguide to a respective one of the modulators (7). The optical modulators (7) are reflective optical modulators and the second array waveguide grating (6) is arranged to direct the modulated light reflected from each of the optical modulators (7) back into the first waveguide. An optical circulator (5) is provided in the first waveguide to couple modulated light from the second array waveguide grating (6) into an output waveguide. The laser sources each comprise a respective reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (1) and share a common cavity reflector (3). The first array waveguide grating (2) is located in the optical path between the semiconductor optical amplifiers (1) and the common cavity reflector (3). The transmitter has the advantage that it can be manufactured by hybrid integration of a monolithic wavelength generation sub-module and a monolithic data modulation sub-module.
    • 多波长发射器包括被配置为产生不同波长的光的多个激光源(1)和布置成将来自每个激光源(1)的光引导到第一波导中的第一阵列波导光栅(2)。 发射机还包括几个电吸收调制器(7),每个电吸收调制器(7)被布置成用相应数据信号调制波长中的一个的光,并且第二阵列波导光栅(6)布置成将来自第一波导的所述不同波长的光的每一个引导到 相应的一个调制器(7)。 光调制器(7)是反射光学调制器,第二阵列波导光栅(6)被布置成将从每个光学调制器(7)反射的调制光引导回第一波导。 在第一波导中设置光环行器(5),以将来自第二阵列波导光栅(6)的调制光耦合到输出波导中。 激光源各自包括相应的反射半导体光放大器(1)并且共享公共腔反射器(3)。 第一阵列波导光栅(2)位于半导体光放大器(1)和公共空腔反射器(3)之间的光路中。 发射机的优点是可以通过单片波长生成子模块和单片数据调制子模块的混合集成来制造。
    • 10. 发明申请
    • Removal of impurities in the production of crystalline sodium carbonate, bicarbonate, or sulfite
    • 在生产结晶碳酸钠,碳酸氢盐或亚硫酸盐时除去杂质
    • US20100226840A1
    • 2010-09-09
    • US12718098
    • 2010-03-05
    • James D. PHILLIPJessica A. MOTEDavid W. SMITH
    • James D. PHILLIPJessica A. MOTEDavid W. SMITH
    • C01D7/24C01D5/16
    • C01D5/14C01D5/16C01D7/26
    • A magnesium treatment for removing water-soluble impurities in a process for making crystalline sodium carbonate, bicarbonate, or sulfite. A waste comprising such impurities is treated with a magnesium compound to form water-insoluble matter which is removed to form a purified solution. The treatment may be performed on a solution which contains the waste and optionally dissolved calcined trona. The purified solution may be used as a feedstock to form crystalline soda ash, and/or used as a reactant to produce crystalline sodium sulfite or bicarbonate via reaction with SO2 or CO2. In preferred embodiments, the waste may comprise a purge or weak liquor, a reclaimed solid, or combinations thereof. The water-soluble impurities may be silicates and/or foam-causing impurities, and the waste may contain sodium bicarbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, and/or one or more sodium carbonate hydrates, such as decahydrate.
    • 在制造结晶碳酸钠,碳酸氢盐或亚硫酸盐的方法中除去水溶性杂质的镁处理。 包含这种杂质的废物用镁化合物处理以形成水不溶性物质,其被除去以形成纯化溶液。 处理可以在含有废物和任选溶解的煅烧天然碱的溶液上进行。 纯化的溶液可以用作原料以形成结晶苏打灰,和/或用作反应物以通过与SO 2或CO 2反应产生结晶亚硫酸钠或碳酸氢盐。 在优选的实施方案中,废物可以包含吹扫或弱液,再生固体或其组合。 水溶性杂质可以是硅酸盐和/或引起泡沫的杂质,并且废物可以含有碳酸氢钠,倍半碳酸钠和/或一种或多种碳酸钠水合物,例如十水合物。