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    • 3. 发明授权
    • Easily-formable fuel cell assembly fluid flow plate having conductivity
and increased non-conductive material
    • 易于形成的燃料电池组件流体流动板具有导电性和增加的非导电材料
    • US6071635A
    • 2000-06-06
    • US54670
    • 1998-04-03
    • Charles M. Carlstrom, Jr.
    • Charles M. Carlstrom, Jr.
    • H01M8/02H01M8/24H01M8/04
    • H01M8/242H01M8/0223H01M8/0247H01M8/0256H01M8/0263H01M8/0267H01M2300/0082H01M8/0273H01M8/249
    • A fluid flow plate is preferably formed with conductive member(s) and non-conductive material(s). The conductive member(s) and/or the non-conductive material(s) form portion(s) of land(s) and/or flow channel(s) on face(s) of the plate. The flow channel(s) pass between and/or among the land(s). The flow channel(s) can be optimized to service fluid(s) for a fuel cell assembly. The conductive member(s) form electrical path(s) between, among, about and/or around position(s) on the face(s) of the plate. The electrical path(s) serve to conduct electrical current generated by the fuel cell assembly. The non-conductive material(s) can form brace(s) for, and/or seal(s) with, portion(s) of the flow channel(s). The non-conductive material(s) can form portion(s) of a periphery of the face(s) of the plate, and/or portion(s) of any appropriate geometric feature(s) for the plate. The non-conductive material(s) can be injection-molded. The non-conductive material(s) can form means for aligning the fluid flow plate with an adjacent plate. The non-conductive material(s) can form means for maintaining clamping pressure on a component between the fluid flow plate and an adjacent plate.
    • 流体流动板优选地形成有导电构件和非导电材料。 导电构件和/或非导电材料在板的表面上形成陆片和/或流动通道的一部分。 流动通道在一个或多个区域之间和/或之间通过。 可以优化流动通道以为燃料电池组件提供流体。 导电构件在板的表面上的位置之间,之中,之间和/或周围形成电路径。 电路用于传导由燃料电池组件产生的电流。 非导电材料可以与流动通道的一部分形成支架和/或密封。 非导电材料可以形成板的表面的周边的部分和/或用于板的任何适当的几何特征的部分。 非导电材料可以被注射成型。 非导电材料可以形成用于使流体流动板与相邻板对准的装置。 非导电材料可以形成用于维持流体流动板和相邻板之间的部件上的夹紧压力的装置。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Fuel cell with selective pressure variation and dynamic inflection
    • 具有选择性压力变化和动态拐点的燃料电池
    • US6093502A
    • 2000-07-25
    • US181400
    • 1998-10-28
    • Charles M. Carlstrom, Jr.William B. Maynard
    • Charles M. Carlstrom, Jr.William B. Maynard
    • H01M8/04
    • H01M8/04223H01M2300/0082H01M8/04119H01M8/04156H01M8/04231
    • In one aspect, a fuel cell assembly may include one or more (e.g., PEM-type) fuel cell(s). Fluid(s) service(s) for the fuel cell assembly may include reactant fluid(s) service(s) such as service(s) of fuel(s) and/or oxidant(s), along with humidification service(s). A pulsator may be positioned at any entrance and/or exit for the fluid manifolds. Such pulsator(s) may serve to introduce pressure variation(s) along part(s) of flow path(s) extending in the fuel cell assembly. In one example, with respect to an anode side of a fuel cell, the pressure variation(s) may serve to purge a nitrogen blanket from the anode side of the MEA so reformate including hydrogen may be supplied for electrochemical reaction. With respect to a cathode side of the fuel cell, the pressure variation(s) may serve to remove a nitrogen and/or carbon dioxide blanket and product fluid from the cathode side of the MEA so air containing oxygen may be supplied for the electrochemical reaction. Also, excess humidification fluid may be removed. A greater power density may be obtained. Pressure variation(s) may be configured to dynamically inflect the MEA to assist mechanical mixing(s) in promoting flow field fuel service(s) and/or increasing power density.
    • 一方面,燃料电池组件可以包括一个或多个(例如,PEM型)燃料电池。 用于燃料电池组件的流体服务可以包括诸如燃料和/或氧化剂的一些或多个反应物流体服务,以及加湿服务, 。 波轮可以位于用于流体歧管的任何入口和/或出口处。 这种脉动器可以用于沿着在燃料电池组件中延伸的流动路径的一部分引入压力变化。 在一个示例中,相对于燃料电池的阳极侧,压力变化可以用于从MEA的阳极侧清洗氮气覆盖层,因此可以提供包括氢的重整物用于电化学反应。 对于燃料电池的阴极侧,压力变化可以用于从MEA的阴极侧除去氮气和/或二氧化碳毯和产品流体,因此可以提供含氧的空气用于电化学反应 。 此外,可以除去多余的加湿流体。 可以获得更大的功率密度。 压力变化可以被配置为动态地变形MEA以辅助机械混合以促进流场燃料服务和/或增加功率密度。
    • 9. 发明申请
    • ELECTROCHEMICAL ACTUATOR
    • 电化学执行器
    • US20100112381A1
    • 2010-05-06
    • US12261628
    • 2008-10-30
    • Charles M. CARLSTROM, JR.David H. LEACH
    • Charles M. CARLSTROM, JR.David H. LEACH
    • H01M8/00H01M8/02H01M8/04
    • H01M8/0656H01M2008/1095
    • A heat switch system includes a first surface thermally coupled to at least a portion of an associated component requiring temperature control. A second surface is spaced by a gap relative to the first surface. A gas generator is coupled to a first chamber configured to hold a gas generated by the gas generator. The first chamber includes a diaphragm configured to be deformed in response to an increase in an amount of the gas in the first chamber. A deformation of the chamber in response to the increase in the amount of the gas in the first chamber causes movement of the first surface and/or the second surface such that the first surface and the second surface move toward each other to reduce the gap and heat is transferred from the first surface to the second surface.
    • 热开关系统包括热耦合到需要温度控制的相关部件的至少一部分的第一表面。 第二表面相对于第一表面间隔开间隙。 气体发生器耦合到构造成保持由气体发生器产生的气体的第一室。 第一室包括隔膜,该膜片构造成响应于第一室中的气体量的增加而变形。 响应于第一室中的气体量的增加,室的变形导致第一表面和/或第二表面的移动,使得第一表面和第二表面相互移动以减小间隙,并且 热从第一表面转移到第二表面。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Electrostatically actuated shutter and array for use in a direct oxidation fuel cell
    • 用于直接氧化燃料电池的静电驱动的快门和阵列
    • US07306869B2
    • 2007-12-11
    • US10726162
    • 2003-12-02
    • David H. LeachCharles M. Carlstrom, Jr.
    • David H. LeachCharles M. Carlstrom, Jr.
    • H01M8/04
    • H01M8/04082
    • A wide-area electrostatically-actuated shutter is provided that includes a thin, flexible, diaphragm that is placed between two rigid electrode structures. In one embodiment of the invention, the diaphragm has a set of openings in it. These openings overlap with corresponding openings in one of the rigid electrodes such that when the diaphragm is contiguous to that electrode, the openings provide apertures through which vaporous fuel can flow. The opposite electrode does not have overlapping openings, thus it forms a seal that prevents gas or vapor from passing through it when the diaphragm is in contact with the opposite electrode. The shutter is actuated electrostatically by an associated driver that applies a voltage to the diaphragm such that when the high voltage is applied to the diaphragm, the diaphragm is attracted to the fixed electrode that is tied to ground. Alternatively, when is desired to place the shutter in the opposite position, the diaphragm is placed at ground, which, in turn, pulls it towards the fixed electrode that is at a high voltage, to adjust the shutter. The shutter can be rapidly opened and closed at a high frequency in a PWM mode or a PFM mode.
    • 提供了一种广域静电致动的快门,其包括薄的,柔性的隔膜,其被放置在两个刚性电极结构之间。 在本发明的一个实施例中,隔膜在其中具有一组开口。 这些开口与其中一个刚性电极中的相应开口重叠,使得当隔膜与该电极邻接时,开口提供空气燃料可以流过的孔。 相对的电极没有重叠的开口,因此当隔膜与相对电极接触时,它形成一个防止气体或蒸汽通过它的密封件。 通过向隔膜施加电压的相关联的驱动器静电地驱动快门,使得当高压施加到隔膜时,隔膜被吸引到被接地的固定电极。 或者,当希望将快门放置在相反的位置时,隔膜被放置在地面上,接着将其拉向朝向高电压的固定电极,以调节快门。 在PWM模式或PFM模式下,快门可以高频快速打开和关闭。