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    • 3. 发明授权
    • High-activity mutants of butyrylcholinesterase for cocaine hydrolysis and method of generating the same
    • 用于可卡因水解的丁酰胆碱酯酶的高活性突变体及其产生方法
    • US08193327B1
    • 2012-06-05
    • US13018641
    • 2011-02-01
    • Chang-Guo ZhanHoon ChoHsin-Hsiung Tai
    • Chang-Guo ZhanHoon ChoHsin-Hsiung Tai
    • C07H21/04C12N9/18
    • C12N9/18A61K38/00C12Y301/01008
    • A novel computational method and generation of mutant butyrylcholinesterase for cocaine hydrolysis is provided. The method includes molecular modeling a possible BChE mutant and conducting molecular dynamics simulations and hybrid quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical calculations thereby providing a screening method of possible BChE mutants by predicting which mutant will lead to a more stable transition state for a rate determining step. Site-directed mutagenesis, protein expression, and protein activity is conducted for mutants determined computationally as being good candidates for possible BChE mutants, i.e., ones predicted to have higher catalytic efficiency as compared with wild-type BChE. In addition, mutants A199S/A328W/Y332G, A199S/F227A/A328W/Y332G, A199S/S287G/A328W/Y332G, A199S/F227A/S287G/A328W/Y332G, and A199S/F227A/S287G/A328W/E441D all have enhanced catalytic efficiency for (−)-cocaine compared with wild-type BChE.
    • 提供了一种新颖的计算方法和用于可卡因水解的突变丁酰胆碱酯酶的产生。 该方法包括对可能的BChE突变体进行分子建模,并进行分子动力学模拟和混合量子力学/分子机械计算,从而通过预测哪个突变体将导致速率确定步骤的更稳定的过渡状态来提供可能的BChE突变体的筛选方法。 对于可能的BChE突变体,即与野生型BChE相比预测具有更高催化效率的突变体,对计算确定的突变体进行定点诱变,蛋白质表达和蛋白质活性。 此外,突变体A199S / A328W / Y332G,A199S / F227A / A328W / Y332G,A199S / S287G / A328W / Y332G,A199S / F227A / S287G / A328W / Y332G和A199S / F227A / S287G / A328W / E441D都具有增强的催化 ( - ) - 可卡因与野生型BChE相比有效。
    • 5. 发明授权
    • Color format conversion in a parallel processor
    • 并行处理器中的颜色格式转换
    • US5798753A
    • 1998-08-25
    • US398111
    • 1995-03-03
    • Chang-Guo ZhouDaniel S. Rice
    • Chang-Guo ZhouDaniel S. Rice
    • H04N9/67G06T1/20H04N9/64G06F15/00
    • H04N9/641
    • A pixel of a color video image is converted from one color format having luminance and chrominance signals, e.g., YUV format, to a destination format, e.g., RGB or CMY formats, by forming luminance and chrominance component words which include partitioned words representing various color components of the luminance and chrominance signals. The luminance and chrominance component words are summed using a partitioned addition operation to thereby accumulate the various color components of the luminance and chrominance signals simultaneously and in parallel. Formation of the luminance and chrominance component words is, in some instances, done by a load and store unit of a central processing unit while a graphics execution unit simultaneously sums the luminance and chrominance components using the partitioned addition operation. By using this technique, conversion of pixels of a color motion image from YUV format to a different format, e.g., RGB format, is reduced from approximately 20 instruction cycles per pixel to generally less than 2.5 instruction cycles per pixel. Such a reduction in processing requirements has enabled full real-time rendering, e.g., thirty frames per second, of full-sized, digital NTSC, MPEG-compressed, motion video images using only a central processing unit and appropriately configured computer software. No additional, special-purpose hardware components were needed.
    • 通过形成包括表示各种颜色的分割字的亮度和色度分量字,将彩色视频图像的像素从具有亮度和色度信号(例如YUV格式)的一种颜色格式转换为目的地格式,例如RGB或CMY格式 亮度和色度信号的分量。 亮度和色度分量词使用分割加法运算相加,从而同时和并行地累积亮度和色度信号的各种颜色分量。 在一些情况下,亮度和色度分量词的形成由中央处理单元的加载和存储单元完成,而图形执行单元使用分区加法运算来同时对亮度和色度分量求和。 通过使用这种技术,从YUV格式的颜色运动图像的像素到不同格式(例如,RGB格式)的转换从每像素的大约20个指令周期减少到每个像素通常小于2.5个指令周期。 这样的处理要求的降低使得仅使用中央处理单元和适当配置的计算机软件的全尺寸,数字NTSC,MPEG压缩,运动视频图像的全实时渲染,例如,每秒30帧。 不需要额外的专用硬件组件。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • High-activity mutants of butyrylcholinesterase for cocaine hydrolysis and method of generating the same
    • 用于可卡因水解的丁酰胆碱酯酶的高活性突变体及其产生方法
    • US07919082B1
    • 2011-04-05
    • US12752920
    • 2010-04-01
    • Chang-Guo ZhanHoon ChoHsin-Hsiung Tai
    • Chang-Guo ZhanHoon ChoHsin-Hsiung Tai
    • A61K38/46C12N9/16
    • C12N9/18A61K38/00C12Y301/01008
    • A novel computational method and generation of mutant butyrylcholinesterase for cocaine hydrolysis is provided. The method includes molecular modeling a possible BChE mutant and conducting molecular dynamics simulations and hybrid quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical calculations thereby providing a screening method of possible BChE mutants by predicting which mutant will lead to a more stable transition state for a rate determining step. Site-directed mutagenesis, protein expression, and protein activity is conducted for mutants determined computationally as being good candidates for possible BChE mutants, i.e., ones predicted to have higher catalytic efficiency as compared with wild-type BChE. In addition, mutants A199S/A328W/Y332G, A199S/F227A/A328W/Y332G, A199S/S287G/A328W/Y332G, A199S/F227A/S287G/A328W/Y332G, and A199S/F227A/S287G/A328W/E441D all have enhanced catalytic efficiency for (−)-cocaine compared with wild-type BChE.
    • 提供了一种新颖的计算方法和用于可卡因水解的突变丁酰胆碱酯酶的产生。 该方法包括对可能的BChE突变体进行分子建模,并进行分子动力学模拟和混合量子力学/分子机械计算,从而通过预测哪个突变体将导致速率确定步骤的更稳定的过渡状态来提供可能的BChE突变体的筛选方法。 对于可能的BChE突变体,即与野生型BChE相比预测具有更高催化效率的突变体,对计算确定的突变体进行定点诱变,蛋白质表达和蛋白质活性。 此外,突变体A199S / A328W / Y332G,A199S / F227A / A328W / Y332G,A199S / S287G / A328W / Y332G,A199S / F227A / S287G / A328W / Y332G和A199S / F227A / S287G / A328W / E441D都具有增强的催化 ( - ) - 可卡因与野生型BChE相比有效。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • High-activity mutants of butyrylcholinesterase for cocaine hydrolysis and method of generating the same
    • 用于可卡因水解的丁酰胆碱酯酶的高活性突变体及其产生方法
    • US07731957B1
    • 2010-06-08
    • US12192394
    • 2008-08-15
    • Chang-Guo ZhanHoon ChoHsin-Hsiung Tai
    • Chang-Guo ZhanHoon ChoHsin-Hsiung Tai
    • A61K38/46C12N9/16
    • C12N9/18A61K38/00C12Y301/01008
    • A novel computational method and generation of mutant butyrylcholinesterase for cocaine hydrolysis is provided. The method includes molecular modeling a possible BChE mutant and conducting molecular dynamics simulations and hybrid quantum mechanical/molecular mechanical calculations thereby providing a screening method of possible BChE mutants by predicting which mutant will lead to a more stable transition state for a rate determining step. Site-directed mutagenesis, protein expression, and protein activity is conducted for mutants determined computationally as being good candidates for possible BChE mutants, i.e., ones predicted to have higher catalytic efficiency as compared with wild-type BChE. In addition, mutants A199S/A328W/Y332G, A199S/F227A/A328W/Y332G, A199S/S287G/A328W/Y332G, A199S/F227A/S287G/A328W/Y332G, and A199S/F227A/S287G/A328W/E441D all have enhanced catalytic efficiency for (−)-cocaine compared with wild-type BChE.
    • 提供了一种新颖的计算方法和用于可卡因水解的突变丁酰胆碱酯酶的产生。 该方法包括对可能的BChE突变体进行分子建模,并进行分子动力学模拟和混合量子力学/分子机械计算,从而通过预测哪个突变体将导致速率确定步骤的更稳定的过渡状态来提供可能的BChE突变体的筛选方法。 对于可能的BChE突变体,即与野生型BChE相比预测具有更高催化效率的突变体,对计算确定的突变体进行定点诱变,蛋白质表达和蛋白质活性。 此外,突变体A199S / A328W / Y332G,A199S / F227A / A328W / Y332G,A199S / S287G / A328W / Y332G,A199S / F227A / S287G / A328W / Y332G和A199S / F227A / S287G / A328W / E441D都具有增强的催化 ( - ) - 可卡因与野生型BChE相比有效。