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1. 发明授权

US6005905A Initial core 失效
标题翻译：初始核心
公开(公告)号：US6005905A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-21
申请号：US664663
申请日：1996-06-17
申请人： Akihiro Yamanaka , Katsumasa Haikawa , Akiko Kanda , Takaaki Mochida , Junichi Yamashita , Motoo Aoyama , Yoko Yuchi , Junichi Koyama
发明人： Akihiro Yamanaka , Katsumasa Haikawa , Akiko Kanda , Takaaki Mochida , Junichi Yamashita , Motoo Aoyama , Yoko Yuchi , Junichi Koyama
IPC分类号： G21C3/30 , G21C3/326 , G21C3/328 , G21C3/62 , G21C5/00 , G21C7/02 , G21C19/00
CPC分类号： G21C5/00 , G21C7/02 , G21Y2002/201 , G21Y2004/30 , G21Y2004/402 , Y02E30/39
摘要： In an arrangement of an initial core, the core is loaded with 572 high enrichment fuel assemblies H with 4.2 wt % average enrichment and 300 low enrichment fuel assemblies L with 1.5 wt % average enrichment. The average enrichment of the core is about 3.3 wt %. In this core, only the low enrichment fuel assemblies are loaded into the most outer position of the core and the high enrichment fuel assemblies are loaded into an area other than the most outer position. In this arrangement, the average enrichment of reload fuel assemblies is 3.7 wt %.
摘要翻译：在初始核心的布置中，核心装载有572个高浓缩燃料组件H，4.2重量％的平均浓缩物和300个低富集燃料组件L，具有1.5重量％的平均富集度。核心的平均富集度约为3.3重量％。在该核心中，只有低浓度燃料组件被装载到核心的最外部位置，而高浓缩燃料组件被装载到除了最外部位置之外的区域中。在这种布置中，重新加载燃料组件的平均富集为3.7重量％。

2. 发明授权

US5787139A Fuel loading method 失效
标题翻译：燃油加载方式
公开(公告)号：US5787139A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-28
申请号：US858687
申请日：1997-05-19
申请人： Mitsunari Nakamura , Katsumasa Haikawa , Akihiro Yamanaka , Akiko Kanda , Takaaki Mochida , Junichi Yamashita , Shigetada Tanabe , Shinichi Kirihara
发明人： Mitsunari Nakamura , Katsumasa Haikawa , Akihiro Yamanaka , Akiko Kanda , Takaaki Mochida , Junichi Yamashita , Shigetada Tanabe , Shinichi Kirihara
IPC分类号： G21C5/00 , G21C5/12 , G21C5/18 , G21C7/00 , G21C19/19 , G21C19/20
CPC分类号： G21C19/20 , G21C5/00 , G21C7/00 , G21Y2002/201 , G21Y2004/40 , G21Y2004/60 , Y02E30/39
摘要： In a fuel loading method of the present invention, a nuclear reactor is operated up to the second cycle without exchanging the fuel. Low-enrichment fuel is discharged from a core at the end of the second cycle and at the end of the third cycle. Moreover, high-enrichment fuel with an average enrichment higher than that of replacement fuel is discharged from the core at the end of the third cycle and reloaded into the core at the end of the fifth cycle. According to the present invention, because the high-enrichment fuel discharged from the core at the end of the third cycle normally has a high enrichment, a short combustion period, and a low burnup compared to the replacement fuel burned for 4 to 5 cycles, a lot of fissionable material are left in the high-enrichment fuel. By reloading the high-enrichment fuel to the core after one cycle or more passes, it is possible to greatly increase the discharge exposure of initially loaded fuel. Thereby, it is possible to greatly decrease the number of pieces of the replacement fuel.
摘要翻译：在本发明的燃料加载方法中，核反应堆直到第二循环运转而不更换燃料。在第二循环结束时和第三循环结束时，低浓度燃料从核心排出。此外，平均浓度高于替代燃料的高浓度燃料在第三循环结束时从核心排出，并在第五循环结束时重新装入核心。根据本发明，由于在第三循环结束时从核心排出的高浓度燃料通常具有高的富集度，较短的燃烧时间和低的燃耗，与替代燃料相比燃烧4至5个循环，高浓缩燃料中留有大量可裂变材料。通过在一个循环或更多次循环之后将高浓度燃料重新加载到核心，可以大大增加初始负载燃料的排放暴露。由此，可以大幅减少替换燃料的数量。

3. 发明授权

US5781604A Initial core and fuel assembly 失效
标题翻译：初始核心和燃料组装
公开(公告)号：US5781604A
公开(公告)日：1998-07-14
申请号：US727008
申请日：1996-10-08
申请人： Katsumasa Haikawa , Akihiro Yamanaka , Akiko Kanda , Motoo Aoyama , Yoko Yuchi , Junichi Yamashita
发明人： Katsumasa Haikawa , Akihiro Yamanaka , Akiko Kanda , Motoo Aoyama , Yoko Yuchi , Junichi Yamashita
IPC分类号： G21C5/12 , G21C3/32 , G21C3/326 , G21C3/328 , G21C3/62 , G21C5/00 , G21C5/02 , G21C7/113 , G21C3/00
CPC分类号： G21C5/02 , G21C3/328 , Y02E30/38
摘要： In an initial core of the present invention, a low enrichment fuel assembly having the lowest average enrichment factor and three fuel assemblies having a higher average enrichment factor than that of the low enrichment fuel assembly are arranged in a square shape, control rods of a cross shape are arranged at each of four corners of the square shape to constitute a unit loading pattern, and a plurality of the unit loading patterns are provided in the central region of the core, the fuel assemblies having the higher average enrichment factor are divided by a diagonal line into a first region of the side of the control rods and a second region of the side opposite to the control rods, and the number of the gadolinia-containing fuel rods is greater in the second region by at least two than in the first region. The initial core having an enhanced average enrichment factor for accomplishing a high exposure, makes it possible to maintain thermal margin, to suitably suppress the excess reactivity and to improve fuel economy.
摘要翻译：在本发明的初始核心中，具有最低平均富集因子的低富集燃料组件和具有比低浓度燃料组件更高的平均富集因子的三个燃料组件布置成正方形，十字形控制棒形状被布置在方形的四个角中的每一个角上以构成单元加载模式，并且在芯的中心区域中设置多个单元加载模式，具有较高平均富集因子的燃料组件被除以对角线插入到控制棒的一侧的第一区域和与控制棒相对的一侧的第二区域，并且含氧化钆的燃料棒的数量在第二区域中比在第一区域中的至少两个更大地区。具有增强的平均富集因子的初始核心用于实现高暴露，使得可以保持热裕度，以适当地抑制过量反应性并提高燃料经济性。

4. 发明授权

US06504889B1 Method of operating reactor 有权
标题翻译：操作反应器的方法
公开(公告)号：US06504889B1
公开(公告)日：2003-01-07
申请号：US09381094
申请日：1999-09-15
申请人： Kenmi Narita , Katsumasa Haikawa , Akihiro Yamanaka , Akiko Kanda , Takaaki Mochida , Junichi Yamashita , Junichi Koyama
发明人： Kenmi Narita , Katsumasa Haikawa , Akihiro Yamanaka , Akiko Kanda , Takaaki Mochida , Junichi Yamashita , Junichi Koyama
IPC分类号： G21C1902
CPC分类号： G21C7/08 , G21F5/02 , G21Y2002/201 , G21Y2004/40 , Y02E30/39
摘要： A method of operating a nuclear reactor reduces the number of reload fuels to be loaded into the nuclear reactor in the second and the following operation cycles. The nuclear reactor has a reactor core in which a plurality of reload fuel assemblies respectively having different infinite multiplication factors are arranged. The method operates the nuclear reactor with control rods inserted in control cells each comprising four reload fuel assemblies having relatively large infinite multiplication factors among the plurality of reload fuel assemblies for a period longer than half of a period of an operation cycle.
摘要翻译：操作核反应堆的方法在第二次和随后的操作循环中减少了要加载到核反应堆中的重新加载燃料的数量。核反应堆具有反应堆堆芯，其中分别具有不同无限倍增系数的多个重载燃料组件被安排。该方法操作核反应堆，其中控制棒插入控制单元中，每个控制单元包括在多个重新加载的燃料组件中具有相对较大的无限倍增因子的四个重载燃料组件，时间长于操作周期的一半。

5. 发明授权

US6141396A Initial loading core 有权
标题翻译：初始加载核心
公开(公告)号：US6141396A
公开(公告)日：2000-10-31
申请号：US254183
申请日：1999-03-02
申请人： Akiko Kanda , Katsumasa Haikawa , Akihiro Yamanaka , Kenmi Narita , Junichi Yamashita , Junichi Koyama
发明人： Akiko Kanda , Katsumasa Haikawa , Akihiro Yamanaka , Kenmi Narita , Junichi Yamashita , Junichi Koyama
IPC分类号： G21C3/326 , G21C5/02
CPC分类号： G21C5/02 , G21C3/326 , Y02E30/38
摘要： Several unit loading patterns are arranged in the central area of an initial core to which the present invention is applied. The unit loading pattern is composed of one square-shaped unit cell and four cross-shaped control rods 3 which surround the unit cell. The unit cell is composed of one low enrichment fuel assembly 7, two high enrichment fuel assemblies 8 and one high enrichment fuel assembly 9. The low enrichment fuel assemblies 7 of each unit loading pattern adjoin each other and are arranged to constitute the first control cell 2a being square-shaped. The high enrichment fuel assemblies 9, obliquely adjoining the low enrichment fuel assembly 7 in each unit loading pattern, adjoin each other and are arranged to constitute the second control cell 2b being square-shaped. The high enrichment fuel assembly 9 constituting the unit loading pattern is divided into a control rod side area and an anticontrol rod side area by a diagonal line L1, and the number of Gd fuel rods in the control rod side area is 2 or more than the number in the anticontrol rod side area. By providing this structure, the increase of the local peaking factor on the control rod side can be suppressed and the thermal margin can be sufficiently secured, even if the control rod 3 of the second control cell 2b is extracted after the second operation cycle.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / JP96 / 02501 Sec。 371日期1999年3月2日 102（e）1999年3月2日PCT PCT 1996年9月4日PCT公布。公开号WO98 / 10426 日期1998年3月12日几个单元加载模式布置在应用本发明的初始核心的中心区域中。单元加载模式由一个方形单位单元和围绕单位单元的四个十字形控制杆3组成。单元电池由一个低浓度燃料组件7，两个高浓缩燃料组件8和一个高浓缩燃料组件9组成。每个单元装载模式的低浓缩燃料组件7彼此邻接并且被布置成构成第一控制单元 2a为方形。在每个单元装载模式中与低浓缩燃料组件7倾斜相邻的高浓缩燃料组件9相互邻接并被布置成构成正方形的第二控制单元2b。构成单元装载图案的高浓缩燃料组件9通过对角线L1分为控制棒侧区域和反向推杆侧面区域，控制棒侧区域中的Gd燃料棒的数量为2个以上抗电极杆侧面的数量。通过提供这种结构，即使在第二操作周期之后提取第二控制单元2b的控制棒3，也可以抑制控制棒侧的局部峰值系数的增加，并且可以充分确保热裕度。

6. 发明授权

US5358849A Monoclonal antibody recognizing membrane phospholipase A.sub.2 and immunoassay of membrane phospholipase A.sub.2 失效
标题翻译：单克隆抗体识别膜磷脂酶A2和膜磷脂酶A2的免疫测定
公开(公告)号：US5358849A
公开(公告)日：1994-10-25
申请号：US53350
申请日：1993-04-28
申请人： Nobuo Yoshida , Misao Ide , Masao Kono , Akiko Kanda
发明人： Nobuo Yoshida , Misao Ide , Masao Kono , Akiko Kanda
IPC分类号： G01N33/573 , A61K39/395 , C07K16/40 , C12N5/10 , C12N5/20 , C12N15/02 , C12P21/08 , C12R1/91 , G01N33/577 , C07K15/28 , C12N5/16 , G01N33/541
CPC分类号： C07K16/40
摘要： The present invention first provides monoclonal antibodies recognizing membrane phospholipase A.sub.2, namely, monoclonal antibodies PL-49, PL-71, PL-76, and PL-78, hybridomas producing them, methods for producing them, and immunoassays of membrane phospholipase A.sub.2 using them.The immunoassay of PLA.sub.2 M is useful for the diagnosis of articular rheumatism, cancers, and a wide variety of inflammatory states.
摘要翻译：本发明首先提供识别膜磷脂酶A2的单克隆抗体，即单克隆抗体PL-49，PL-71，PL-76和PL-78，产生它们的杂交瘤，制备它们的方法和使用它们的膜磷脂酶A2的免疫测定。 PLA2M的免疫测定可用于诊断关节风湿病，癌症和多种炎症状态。

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