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81. 发明授权

US6086830A Radio frequency microwave energy applicator apparatus to break oil and water emulsion 失效
标题翻译：无线电频率微波能量施加装置打破油和水乳化液
公开(公告)号：US6086830A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-11
申请号：US295566
申请日：1999-04-21
申请人： Henry H. Kartchner
发明人： Henry H. Kartchner
IPC分类号： B01D17/00 , B01J19/12 , C10G33/00 , C10G33/06 , H05B6/78 , B01J19/08
CPC分类号： H05B6/802 , B01D17/00 , B01J19/126 , C10G33/00 , C10G33/06 , H05B6/705 , H05B6/707 , H05B6/76
摘要： A microwave applicator to effectively break hydrocarbon and water emulsions with radio frequency energy. A stream of hydrocarbon and water emulsion is pumped into a multimode resonant reentrant microwave cavity. Dual opposing emulsion flow chambers with a centrally supplied microwave waveguide form a double ended resonant chamber with multiple RF energy reflections to effectively treat the flowing emulsion. The emulsified feedstock enters into the bottoms of both flow chambers and exits to a centrifuge or storage for separation.
摘要翻译：微波加热器，用射频能量有效地破坏碳氢化合物和水乳液。将烃和水乳液流泵入多模谐振可重入微波腔。具有中央供应的微波波导的双相对乳液流动室形成具有多个RF能量反射的双端谐振室，以有效地处理流动的乳液。乳化原料进入两个流动室的底部并离开到离心机或储存器进行分离。

82. 发明授权

US5154831A Solvent extraction process employing comminuting and dispersing surfactants 失效
标题翻译：使用粉碎和分散表面活性剂的溶剂萃取方法
公开(公告)号：US5154831A
公开(公告)日：1992-10-13
申请号：US591116
申请日：1990-10-02
申请人： Saeed T. Darian , Stephen P. Weinberg
发明人： Saeed T. Darian , Stephen P. Weinberg
IPC分类号： B01D11/04 , B01D11/02 , B09C1/02 , C02F1/26 , C10G1/04 , C10G21/00 , C10G33/00
CPC分类号： B01D11/0257 , B01D11/0288 , B09C1/02 , C10G1/04 , C10G21/006 , C10G33/00 , C02F1/26 , Y10S210/908 , Y10S210/909
摘要： The present invention is directed to a process for treating an oily substrate, including a mixture comprising water and oily material or a mixture comprising water, solids and oily material as components, and wherein such treatment comprises contacting the oily substrate with a solvent for the oily material, and wherein the solvent for the oily material ranges in solubility in water from sparingly soluble to substantially water insoluble, in the presence of an added comminuting and dispersing surfactant, to produce by such contacting at least one phase differentiating interface, and to thereby render one or more of the components of the oily substrate separable.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于处理油性底物的方法，包括含有水和油性物质的混合物或包含水，固体和油性物质作为组分的混合物，并且其中这种处理包括使油性基质与油性溶剂接触并且其中用于油性材料的溶剂在水中的溶解度从易溶于基本不溶于水的溶剂中在添加的粉碎和分散表面活性剂存在下的范围内，通过这样的接触至少一个相分散界面产生，从而使油性基质的一种或多种组分可分离。

83. 发明授权

US5049259A Membrane process for drying liquid hydrocarbons 失效
标题翻译：用于干燥液体烃的膜工艺
公开(公告)号：US5049259A
公开(公告)日：1991-09-17
申请号：US301695
申请日：1989-01-25
申请人： Dana C. Overman
发明人： Dana C. Overman
IPC分类号： B01D61/36 , C10G31/11 , C10G33/00
CPC分类号： B01D61/362 , C10G31/11 , C10G33/00
摘要： This invention relates to a process for drying liquid hydrocarbons using cellulosic membranes.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及使用纤维素膜干燥液体烃的方法。

84. 发明授权

US4879014A Removal of organic acids from freshly produced bitumen 失效
标题翻译：从新生产的沥青中去除有机酸
公开(公告)号：US4879014A
公开(公告)日：1989-11-07
申请号：US244885
申请日：1988-09-15
申请人： Hermanus G. van Laar , Richard H. Lea , Beverley Payne
发明人： Hermanus G. van Laar , Richard H. Lea , Beverley Payne
IPC分类号： C10G33/00
CPC分类号： C10G33/00
摘要： Process for removal of organic acids from bitumen comprising(a) Bitumen is diluted with low-density hydrocarbons.(b) A dilute solution of caustic soda in water is intimately mixed with the diluted bitumen.(c) A demulsifying chemical is added to weaken the interfacial layers between the bitumen phase and the aqueous phase.(d) Coalescence between the droplets of the dispersed aqueous phase is achieved in an electrostatic dehydration vessel. Separation between the bitumen and aqueous phase is effected in the vessel.(e) The acid-reduced bitumen is removed from the top of the coalescer and the aqueous organic salt solution from its bottom.
摘要翻译：从沥青中除去有机酸的方法包括（a）沥青用低密度烃稀释。（b）苛性钠在水中的稀释溶液与稀释的沥青密切混合。（c）加入破乳化学品以削弱沥青相和水相之间的界面层。（d）在静电脱水容器中实现分散水相的液滴之间的聚结。在容器中进行沥青和水相之间的分离。（e）从聚合器的顶部和底部的有机盐水溶液中除去酸减少的沥青。

85. 发明授权

US4869830A Method for treating a produced hydrocarbon-containing fluid 失效
标题翻译：用于处理所生产的含烃流体的方法
公开(公告)号：US4869830A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-26
申请号：US140844
申请日：1988-01-05
申请人： A. Riza Konak , Michael K. Bridle
发明人： A. Riza Konak , Michael K. Bridle
IPC分类号： C02F5/02 , C10G1/00 , C10G33/00
CPC分类号： C02F5/025 , C10G1/002 , C10G33/00
摘要： A method and system for reducing the oil concentration of a produced, hydrocarbon-containing fluid to no more than about 10 ppm and softening the deoiled fluid to reduce scale-forming constituents. The method and system are capable of treating fluids having temperatures within the range from approximately 120.degree. C. to approximately 160.degree. C., without the need for cooling the fluid to perform either the deoiling step or the softening step. In a preferred embodiment, the deoiling step is performed by first filtering the hot fluid in a first set of coalescing filters and then in a second, identical set of coalescing filters, and the softening step is performed in a thermal softening unit wherein steam is directly sparged into the deoiled fluid in a reaction zone under pressure sufficient to prevent boiling at the reaction zone temperature.
摘要翻译：一种用于将所生产的含烃流体的油浓度降低至不超过约10ppm并软化脱油流体以减少水垢形成成分的方法和系统。该方法和系统能够处理温度在约120℃至约160℃的流体，而不需要冷却流体以执行脱油步骤或软化步骤。在优选实施例中，脱油步骤通过首先过滤第一组聚结过滤器中的热流体，然后在第二组相同的聚结过滤器中进行，并且软化步骤在热软化单元中进行，其中蒸汽直接在足以防止在反应区温度下沸腾的压力下在反应区中喷入脱油流体。

86. 发明授权

US4812225A Method and apparatus for treatment of oil contaminated sludge 失效
标题翻译：油污染污泥处理方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4812225A
公开(公告)日：1989-03-14
申请号：US12859
申请日：1987-02-10
申请人： Aldo Corti , John A. Falcon
发明人： Aldo Corti , John A. Falcon
IPC分类号： B01D17/02 , C02F11/00 , C10G33/00 , C10G17/00
CPC分类号： C10G33/00 , B01D17/0217 , C02F11/002
摘要： Oil containing sludges are treated for the recovery of oil therefrom to render the resultant sludge disposable, by a process of conditioning the sludge to destabilize the emulsified phase thereof, centrifuging the destabilized sludge to obtain a solids-rich material which is largely hydrocarbon free and disposable, and a supernatant, hydrocarbon-containing liquid, and then subjecting the supernatant so formed to liquid/liquid phase separation. The conditioning is conducted so as to prepare a conditioned sludge characterized by a solids content of less than 50% by weight, a water content of less than 90% by weight, an oil phase with an API gravity of less than 12.degree., a continuous aqueous phase, and the solids in the sludge being primarily water wetted, this conditioned sludge being ready for centrifugation.
摘要翻译：处理含油污泥以从其中回收油，通过调节污泥以使其乳化阶段不稳定的方法使所得污泥一次性离心，将不稳定的污泥离心以获得大部分不含烃和一次性物质的富含固体的材料和上清液，含烃液体，然后使形成的上清液进行液/液相分离。进行调理以制备特征为固体含量小于50重量％，水含量小于90重量％，API比重小于12的油相，连续的水相中，污泥中的固体主要是水润湿的，该调理污泥准备进行离心。

87. 发明授权

US4589998A Method for treating oil-water emulsions and recovering surfactants 失效
标题翻译：处理油水乳液和回收表面活性剂的方法
公开(公告)号：US4589998A
公开(公告)日：1986-05-20
申请号：US529190
申请日：1983-09-06
申请人： James R. Bragg , Walter W. Gale
发明人： James R. Bragg , Walter W. Gale
IPC分类号： B01D17/04 , C10G33/00 , C10M119/10 , C09K3/00
CPC分类号： C10G33/00 , B01D17/042
摘要： To improve the separation of a produced oil-water emulsion containing a surfactant, the emulsion parameters of temperature and salinity are brought within certain critical limits. The emulsion will separate into an injectable brine/surfactant phase and a pipeline quality crude oil phase. The operable salinity range is from about 70% to about 130% of the reservoir salinity, and the operable temperature range is from about 75.degree. F. lower to about 75.degree. F. higher than the temperature of the reservoir from which the emulsion was produced.
摘要翻译：为了改进含有表面活性剂的生产油水乳液的分离，将温度和盐度的乳液参数置于某些临界限度内。乳液将分离成可注射的盐水/表面活性剂相和管道质量原油相。可操作的盐度范围是储层盐度的约70％至约130％，并且可操作的温度范围比产生乳液的储存器的温度高约75°F至约75°F 。

88. 发明授权

US4586938A Process for conditioning natural gas for pipeline transport 失效
标题翻译：管道输送天然气调理工艺
公开(公告)号：US4586938A
公开(公告)日：1986-05-06
申请号：US653000
申请日：1984-09-21
申请人： Anton E. Cornelissen
发明人： Anton E. Cornelissen
IPC分类号： C10G33/00 , C10L3/00 , C10K1/00 , B01D53/14
CPC分类号： C10G33/00 , C10L3/00 , Y10T137/0329 , Y10T137/0391
摘要： A process for conditioning a natural gas stream containing liquid hydrocarbons, for pipeline transport, which process comprises separating the natural gas stream into a hydrocarbon liquid component and a hydrocarbon gaseous component, absorbing water and water vapor from said gaseous component, optionally removing free water from the liquid component, heating the liquid component and allowing the water still present to dissolve in the liquid component and atomizing the heated liquid component with dissolved water into the treated gaseous component for transport through a pipeline.
摘要翻译：用于调节含有液体烃的天然气流用于管道输送的方法，该方法包括将天然气流分离成烃液体组分和烃气态组分，从所述气体组分吸收水和水蒸气，任选地将液体组分，加热液体组分并使水仍然溶解在液体组分中并用溶解的水将加热的液体组分雾化到经处理的气体组分中，以通过管道输送。

89. 发明授权

US4153537A Cryothermal manipulation of petroleum 失效
标题翻译：冷热处理石油
公开(公告)号：US4153537A
公开(公告)日：1979-05-08
申请号：US918586
申请日：1978-06-23
申请人： Sigmund L. Ross , Oscar Shuffman, deceased , by Rose Shuffman, executrix
发明人： Sigmund L. Ross , Oscar Shuffman, deceased , by Rose Shuffman, executrix
IPC分类号： B63C7/14 , C10G31/06 , C10G33/00 , E02B15/04 , E21B43/34 , C10G31/08
CPC分类号： C10G33/00 , B63C7/14 , C10G31/06 , E02B15/043 , E21B43/34
摘要： Manipulating a body of crude petroleum to remove foreign matter present therein by introducing crude oil and water into a container and then introduing a mass of material which is at cryothermal temperature to cause freezing of the water and an increase in the surface tension of the petroleum crude. The cryothermal temperature corresponds to the freezing temperature of water and to lower temperatures. The method also provides for heating of the petroleum and frozen water in the container prior to the removal of the treated oil. The method aids in the expulsion of foreign matter from crude petroleum.
摘要翻译：通过将原油和水引入容器中，然后引入一批处于低温温度的材料以引起水的冷冻并提高石油原油的表面张力，从而操纵一种原油，以除去其中存在的异物。低温温度对应于水的冷冻温度和较低的温度。该方法还提供在除去处理过的油之前在容器中加热石油和冷冻水。该方法有助于从原油中驱逐异物。

90. 发明授权

US4024050A Phosphorous ester antifoulants in crude oil refining 失效
标题翻译：原油精制中的磷酯防污剂
公开(公告)号：US4024050A
公开(公告)日：1977-05-17
申请号：US625173
申请日：1975-10-23
申请人： Don C. Shell , Edward C. Hayward
发明人： Don C. Shell , Edward C. Hayward
IPC分类号： C10G7/10 , C10G31/08 , C10G33/00 , C10G75/04 , C23F15/00 , C10G9/16 , B01D3/34 , C10L1/26 , C23F14/02
CPC分类号： C10G7/10 , C10G31/08 , C10G33/00 , C10G75/04 , C23F15/005 , Y10S585/95
摘要： Phosphate and phosphite mono- and di-esters in small amounts function as antifoulant additives in crude oil systems employed as feedstocks in petroleum refining which are subjected to elevated temperatures of from about 100.degree. to 1500.degree. F. and which are prone to produce material that deposits and accumulates upon the surfaces of petroleum processing equipment, such as heat transfer equipment and the like. Such additives not only inhibit and suppress fouling but also reduce fouling in previously fouled refining systems.
摘要翻译：少量的磷酸盐和亚磷酸酯单酯和二酯在用作石油精炼中的原料的原油系统中用作防污添加剂，其经受约100至1500°F的升高温度，并且易于产生材料沉积并积聚在诸如传热设备等的石油加工设备的表面上。这样的添加剂不仅抑制和抑制结垢，而且还减少了先前污染的精制体系中的结垢。

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