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71. 发明授权

US5445151A Method for blood flow acceleration and velocity measurement using MR catheters 失效
标题翻译：使用MR导管进行血流加速和速度测量的方法
公开(公告)号：US5445151A
公开(公告)日：1995-08-29
申请号：US264281
申请日：1994-06-23
申请人： Robert D. Darrow , Charles L. Dumoulin
发明人： Robert D. Darrow , Charles L. Dumoulin
IPC分类号： A61B5/026 , G01F1/716 , G01P5/18 , G01R33/28 , G01R33/34 , G01R33/563 , A61B5/055
CPC分类号： A61B5/0263 , G01F1/716 , G01P5/18 , G01R33/285 , G01R33/34084 , G01R33/56308
摘要： A method of magnetic resonance (MR) fluid flow measurement within a subject employs an invasive device with an RF transmit/receive coil and an RF transmit coil spaced a known distance apart. The subject is positioned in a static magnetic field. The invasive device is positioned in a vessel of a subject in which fluid flow is desired to be determined. A regular pattern of RF transmission pulses are radiated through the RF transmit/receive coil causing it to cause a steady-state MR response signal. Intermittently a second RF signal is transmitted from the RF coil positioned upstream which causes a change in the steady-state MR response signal sensed by the downstream transmit/receive coil. This is detected a short delay time later at the RF receive coil. The time delay and the distance between the RF coils leads directly to a fluid velocity. By exchanging the position of the RF transmit and transmit/receive coils, retrograde velocity may be measured. In another embodiment, more RF coils are employed. The changed MR response signal may be sensed at a number of locations at different times, leading to a measured change in velocity, or acceleration of the fluid.
摘要翻译：在受试者内的磁共振（MR）流体流量测量的方法使用具有RF发射/接收线圈和间隔已知距离的RF发射线圈的侵入性装置。被摄体位于静态磁场中。将侵入性装置定位在需要确定流体流动的受试者的血管中。通过RF发射/接收线圈辐射RF传输脉冲的规则图案，使其产生稳态MR响应信号。间歇地从位于上游的RF线圈发送第二RF信号，引起下游发射/接收线圈感测到的稳态MR响应信号的变化。在RF接收线圈之后检测到短时间延迟时间。时间延迟和RF线圈之间的距离直接导致流体速度。通过交换RF发射和发射/接收线圈的位置，可以测量逆行速度。在另一个实施例中，采用更多的RF线圈。可以在不同时间的多个位置处感测改变的MR响应信号，导致测量的流体变化或流体的加速度。

72. 发明授权

US5365326A Method and apparatus for determining flow rates and concentrations in multi-phase streams 失效
标题翻译：用于确定多相流中的流速和浓度的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5365326A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-15
申请号：US17077
申请日：1993-02-12
申请人： Ray W. Chrisman , Raymond A. Cocco , John A. Cleveland, Jr.
发明人： Ray W. Chrisman , Raymond A. Cocco , John A. Cleveland, Jr.
IPC分类号： G01P5/18 , G01P3/36 , G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G01P5/18
摘要： This invention relates to a method for simultaneously determining particle concentration and velocity in multi-phase streams. These determinations may be made by use of a fiber optic probe that establishes an illuminated sensing zone of finite dimensions. The probe collects light backscattered from the zone at discrete points in time. The collected light is converted to a voltage waveform. By taking the mean of the voltage values, concentration can be determined, and, by taking a derivative of the voltage waveform, the velocity can be determined.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及同时测定多相流中的颗粒浓度和速度的方法。这些确定可以通过使用建立有限尺寸的照明感测区域的光纤探针进行。探头在离散的时间点收集从该区域反向散射的光。收集的光被转换成电压波形。通过获取电压值的平均值，可以确定浓度，并且通过取电压波形的导数，可以确定速度。

73. 发明授权

US5178018A System for measuring the time for a signal to pass between two spaced points in a fluid 失效
标题翻译：用于测量流体中两个间隔点之间的信号时间的系统
公开(公告)号：US5178018A
公开(公告)日：1993-01-12
申请号：US596011
申请日：1990-10-11
申请人： Michael J. Gill
发明人： Michael J. Gill
IPC分类号： G01P5/00 , G01F20060101 , G01F1/66 , G01F1/704 , G01F1/708 , G01P5/18 , G01P5/24
CPC分类号： G01F1/668 , G01F1/667 , G01F1/708 , G01P5/245 , G01P5/247 , G01N2291/02836
摘要： A measurement system for measuring the time for a signal to pass between two transducers TDR1,2 to allow fluid speed or flow to be determined in a gas meter for example. Each transducer can transmit or receive signals. The system is controlled by a microcontroller 31 and a signal with a phase change acts as a marker which is transmitted from transmitter 21 via matching stage 22,23 from one transducer and is received by the other. On receipt via the matching stage and amplifier 24 it is sampled by capacitor array 25 and detected in detector 29. Amplitude information from array 25 is made available to the microcontroller to compute time of signal travel and hence flow rates.

74. 发明授权

US5101156A Rapid flow measurement using an NMR imaging system 失效
标题翻译：使用NMR成像系统进行快速流量测量
公开(公告)号：US5101156A
公开(公告)日：1992-03-31
申请号：US564513
申请日：1990-08-09
申请人： Norbert J. Pelc
发明人： Norbert J. Pelc
IPC分类号： A61B5/055 , G01F1/716 , G01P5/00 , G01P5/18 , G01R33/48 , G01R33/563
CPC分类号： G01R33/56308 , G01F1/716 , G01P5/00 , G01R33/56316
摘要： An NMR system measures the velocity of flowing spins in the presence of stationary spins by performing three separate measurement cycles. The first cycle is a reference, the second cycle includes a magnetic field gradient having an incremental, flow sensitizing first moment .DELTA.M.sub.1, and a third measurement cycle includes a magnetic field gradient having an incremental flow sensitizing first moment -.DELTA.M.sub.1. The resulting NMR signals are processed to produce a velocity measurement.
摘要翻译： NMR系统通过执行三个独立的测量周期来测量存在静止自旋的流动自旋速度。第一个循环是一个参考，第二个循环包括一个磁场梯度，该磁场梯度具有一个增量的流动感应初始力矩DELTA M1，而第三个测量循环包括一个具有增量流敏性第一时刻DELTA M1的磁场梯度。对所得NMR信号进行处理以产生速度测量。

75. 发明授权

US4890488A Ultrasonic anemometer 失效
标题翻译：超声波风速计
公开(公告)号：US4890488A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-02
申请号：US318691
申请日：1989-03-03
申请人： Bernard Pincent , Paul Journe , Gerard Brugnot
发明人： Bernard Pincent , Paul Journe , Gerard Brugnot
IPC分类号： G01P5/18 , G01P5/24 , G01P13/02
CPC分类号： G01P5/18 , G01P13/02 , G01P5/245
摘要： In the ultrasonic anemometer, ultrasonic emitting probes (E1-E4) and receiving probes (R1-R4) are mounted to define at least three different paths for propagation of ultrasonic signals in the air, and means (20) are provided for measuring the ultrasonic signal propagation time along the different paths and for calculating the direction and the speed of the wind based upon these measurements. The emitting and receiving probes are low frequency probes, the emitting probes producing a predetermined wave train type signal of frequency between 10 and 200 kHz; and the measuring and calculating means include means for measuring propagation time by correlation between the emitted and received signals.
摘要翻译：在超声波风速计中，安装超声波发射探针（E1-E4）和接收探针（R1-R4）以限定至少三个不同的路径用于在空气中传播超声信号，并且提供用于测量超声波的装置（20）基于这些测量的沿着不同路径的信号传播时间和用于计算风向的方向和速度。发射和接收探头是低频探针，发射探针产生频率在10和200kHz之间的预定波列类型信号; 并且测量和计算装置包括用于通过发射和接收信号之间的相关来测量传播时间的装置。

76. 发明授权

US4733962A Jet velocity measuring apparatus 失效
标题翻译：喷射速度测量仪
公开(公告)号：US4733962A
公开(公告)日：1988-03-29
申请号：US847653
申请日：1986-03-17
申请人： Roger C. Brendemuehl
发明人： Roger C. Brendemuehl
IPC分类号： G01P5/22 , G01P5/00 , G01P5/18 , G01P3/36 , H01J5/02
CPC分类号： G01P5/18
摘要： A jet velocity measuring apparatus is disclosed for measuring the velocity of a fluid stream. The apparatus (10) measures the time delay between primary electronic signals generated by a first photosensitive device (32) as a result of a first beam of light from a light source (34) being reflected by a portion of the surface (S) of the stream (24) and secondary electronic signals generated by a second photosensitive device (36) as a result of a second beam of light from a light source (38) being reflected downstream by substantially the same portion of the surface of the stream (24). The apparatus includes a housing (22) disposed parallel to the plane (P2) of the surface of the stream. A first and a second fiberoptic bundle (42, 44) transmit light from the light source (34, 38) to the surface of the stream (24) and back respectively to the photosensitive devices (32, 36). Debris-deflecting slots (88, 90) are disposed adjacent to the housing (22) for deflecting debris therefrom.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / US86 / 00149 Sec。 371日期：1986年3月17日 102（e）1986年3月17日PCT PCT 1月24日PCT公布。第WO87 / 04524号公报日本1987年7月30日公开了一种用于测量流体流速度的喷射速度测量装置。装置（10）测量由第一光敏装置（32）产生的初级电子信号之间的时间延迟，这是由于来自光源（34）的第一光束被表面（S）的一部分反射的结果作为来自光源（38）的第二光束的结果，由第二感光装置（36）产生的流（24）和二次电子信号由下游的流的表面的基本上相同的部分（24）反射）。该装置包括平行于流表面的平面（P2）设置的壳体（22）。第一和第二光纤束（42,44）将光从光源（34,38）传输到流（24）的表面并分别返回到感光装置（32,36）。碎片偏转槽（88,90）邻近壳体（22）设置，用于使碎片偏转。

77. 发明授权

US4532473A NMR method for measuring and imaging fluid flow 失效
标题翻译：流体流动测量和成像的NMR方法
公开(公告)号：US4532473A
公开(公告)日：1985-07-30
申请号：US495556
申请日：1983-05-18
申请人： Felix W. Wehrli
发明人： Felix W. Wehrli
IPC分类号： G01R33/20 , A61B5/0265 , A61B5/055 , A61B10/00 , G01F1/716 , G01N24/00 , G01P5/18 , G01P5/22 , G01R33/563 , G01R33/08
CPC分类号： G01F1/716 , G01R33/56308
摘要： A method for measuring (direction and magnitude) and imaging fluid flow in an NMR sample. Nuclei in an imaging slice, transaxial, for example, to a direction of fluid flow, are first tagged (saturated or inverted) and then excited to produce a first NMR signal. This signal originates from tagged nuclei in the imaging slice and untagged nuclei which have partially or wholly replaced nuclei flowing out of the slice. Thereafter, nuclei are tagged in a second thicker sample region which includes the imaging slice and extends therefrom in a direction opposite to the fluid flow. The nuclei are again excited in the imaging slice. The NMR signal detected is again from the entire imaging slice but is due entirely to tagged nuclei (if the second slice is selected to have the appropriate thickness) and, therefore, has a smaller magnitude than the first signal. These signals are useful in measuring the fluid flow velocity. The method is also useful, for example, with multiple-angle projection reconstruction and two-dimensional Fourier transform (2DFT) techniques to reconstruct NMR images exhibiting flowing nuclei only.
摘要翻译：用于在NMR样品中测量（方向和幅度）和成像流体流动的方法。成像切片中的核，例如向轴向流动流动的方向，首先被标记（饱和或反转），然后被激发以产生第一NMR信号。该信号源自成像切片中的标记核和未部分或未完全取代流出切片的核的未标记核。此后，核被标记在包括成像切片的第二较厚的样品区域中并且在与液体流相反的方向上从其延伸。核在成像切片中再次被激发。检测到的NMR信号再次来自整个成像切片，但完全归因于标记的核（如果第二切片被选择为具有适当的厚度），并且因此具有比第一信号更小的幅度。这些信号可用于测量流体流速。该方法也可用于例如多角度投影重建和二维傅立叶变换（2DFT）技术，以重建仅显示出流核的NMR图像。

78. 发明授权

US4409822A Ionic pickup for the transit time between an emission area and a receiving area 失效
标题翻译：发射区域和接收区域之间的通行时间的离子拾取
公开(公告)号：US4409822A
公开(公告)日：1983-10-18
申请号：US306761
申请日：1981-09-29
申请人： Roger Bariol , Jackie Lecomte , Jean-Marie Bouvet
发明人： Roger Bariol , Jackie Lecomte , Jean-Marie Bouvet
IPC分类号： G01F1/704 , G01F1/708 , G01P5/18 , G01M15/00
CPC分类号： G01F1/7046 , G01F1/7088
摘要： An ionic transducer for measuring the transit time of stream of ionized particles produced at an emission station and flowing towards a receiving station, which is used for controlling the richness of the air-fuel mixture fed into an internal combustion engine. At the receiving station is disposed a receiving device including a receiving grid on which a signal is induced upon passage of the ionized stream of particles. The receiving grid is situated between two other grids connected to ground and serving as shielding and airflow stream stabilizer. The several grids are movable and adjustable with respect to the direction of the stream of ionized particles.
摘要翻译：一种用于测量在发射站处产生并流向接收站的电离粒子流的传播时间的离子传感器，其用于控制进入内燃机的空气 - 燃料混合物的丰富度。在接收站处设置接收装置，该接收装置包括接收网格，当电离粒子流通过该接收网格时，信号被诱导。接收网格位于连接到地面的另外两个网格之间，并用作屏蔽和气流流稳定器。几个格栅相对于电离粒子流的方向是可移动的和可调节的。

79. 发明授权

US4335616A Process and device for measuring the flow rate of a fluid 失效
标题翻译：用于测量流体流速的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4335616A
公开(公告)日：1982-06-22
申请号：US171794
申请日：1980-07-24
申请人： Ambro Oliva , Luc Joly
发明人： Ambro Oliva , Luc Joly
IPC分类号： G01F1/704 , G01F1/708 , G01P5/00 , G01P5/18 , G01F1/68 , G01F1/70
CPC分类号： G01F1/7084 , G01F1/704 , G01F1/7044 , G01P5/006 , G01P5/18
摘要： A device for measuring the velocity of flow of a fluid comprises a length of pipeline through which the fluid flows. A first resistance is mounted to extend across the pipeline at a first point and is supplied with periodic input pulses by a pulse generator such that the temperature of the first resistance is caused to rise periodically. A second resistance is mounted to extend across the pipeline at a second point which is spaced downstream of the first point. The second resistance has a value which varies with temperature and produces an output signal when it detects fluid heated by the first resistance. A circuit measures the time between an input pulse and the corresponding output signal such that the velocity of the flow of the fluid can be determined.
摘要翻译：用于测量流体流速的装置包括流体流经的一段管道。安装第一电阻以在第一点处延伸跨过管线，并且通过脉冲发生器提供周期性输入脉冲，使得第一电阻的温度被周期性地上升。安装第二阻力以在第一点延伸跨过管道延伸，第二点在第一点的下游间隔开。第二电阻具有随温度变化的值，并且当其检测到由第一电阻加热的流体时产生输出信号。电路测量输入脉冲与对应的输出信号之间的时间，以便可以确定流体的流速。

80. 发明授权

US4177463A Method and device for measuring the velocity of an object relative to a reference 失效
标题翻译：用于测量物体相对于基准的速度的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4177463A
公开(公告)日：1979-12-04
申请号：US862609
申请日：1977-12-20
申请人： Ingvar Andermo
发明人： Ingvar Andermo
IPC分类号： G01P5/18 , G01P5/24 , G01S13/60 , G01S15/60 , G01S17/50 , G01S9/44
CPC分类号： G01S15/60 , G01P5/18 , G01P5/245 , G01S13/605 , G01S17/50
摘要： A method and apparatus for measuring the velocity of an object relative to a reference wherein the object has receivers thereon which scan a spatial function which originates from the reference. A signal is developed in each receiver, the value of which is dependent upon the position of the scanning range of the receiver relative to the reference. Signal values from a number of scanning ranges at various positions relative to the object are stored either simultaneously or cyclically at a first instant and then are compared with corresponding signal values obtained at a later time. The displacement of the spatial function relative to the object between the two scanning instants is determined and the velocity of the object is calculated from the magnitude of the displacement and the time elapsing between the scanning instants.
摘要翻译：一种用于测量物体相对于基准的速度的方法和装置，其中所述物体具有扫描从所述基准起源的空间函数的接收器。在每个接收器中产生信号，其值取决于接收器相对于参考的扫描范围的位置。来自相对于物体的各个位置的多个扫描范围的信号值在第一时刻同时或循环地存储，然后与稍后获得的相应信号值进行比较。确定空间函数相对于两个扫描时刻之间物体的位移，并根据位移的大小和扫描时刻之间的时间计算物体的速度。

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