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71. 发明授权

US5435274A Electrical power generation without harmful emissions 失效
标题翻译：发电无有害排放
公开(公告)号：US5435274A
公开(公告)日：1995-07-25
申请号：US162342
申请日：1993-12-02
申请人： William H. Richardson, Jr.
发明人： William H. Richardson, Jr.
IPC分类号： C01B3/00 , C01B3/04 , F02B43/08 , F02B43/10 , F02B63/04
CPC分类号： F02B43/08 , C01B3/00 , C01B3/042 , F02B43/10 , F02B2043/106 , F02B63/04 , Y02E60/364 , Y02T10/32 , Y10S123/12
摘要： Method of generating electrical power without emission of harmful substances from combustion of a water-derived fuel gas mixture. An underwater carbon arc operated in the absence of hydrocarbons results in a mixture of gases, being non-self-combustible but combustible as a fuel gas in the presence of air, and comprising gaseous hydrogen in major amount and carbon oxides in minor amount, mainly carbon monoxide. The fuel gas is adapted, along with air, to run an internal combustion engine driving an electrical generator and so to provide useful electrical power without the harmful emissions usual in combustion of fossil fuels.
摘要翻译：在不从水源燃料气体混合物的燃烧中排放有害物质的情况下产生电力的方法。在没有碳氢化合物的情况下运行的水下碳弧导致气体混合物，在空气存在下不燃，但作为燃料气体可燃，并且主要含有主要量的气态氢，少量的碳氧化物一氧化碳。燃料气体与空气一起适用于运行驱动发电机的内燃机，从而提供有用的电力，而不会在化石燃料的燃烧中通常有害的排放物。

72. 发明授权

US5417817A Biomass gasification process and apparatus 失效
标题翻译：生物质气化过程及装置
公开(公告)号：US5417817A
公开(公告)日：1995-05-23
申请号：US259878
申请日：1994-06-15
申请人： Wilbur A. Dammann , W. David Wallman
发明人： Wilbur A. Dammann , W. David Wallman
IPC分类号： C10J3/00 , B01J19/08 , C01B3/34 , C10L3/00 , C10L3/08 , F02B43/08
CPC分类号： B01J19/087 , C01B3/342
摘要： An apparatus for a gasification of a biomass liquid solution includes a reaction chamber having a biomass liquid solution therein. The biomass solution includes at least water and carbon. A pair of spaced apart carbon electrodes are immersed in the solution within the chamber. A direct current electrical supply is connected to the electrodes to form an electrical arc passing from one electrode to the other and thereby oxidizing carbon of one electrode. The oxidized carbon forms a carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas mixture, and carbon released from the biomass solution during oxidation is deposited on the opposite electrode. A switch is interposed between the source of electric power and the electrodes so as to selectively switch the polarity of the electric arc to thereby cause oxidation of the opposite electrode and the deposit of carbon on the previously oxidized electrode while continuing to manufacture COH.sub.2 gas. A sensor detects the position of the electric arc, and thereby detects the length of the oxidizing electrode, and is electrically connected to a control unit which will cause the switch to change polarity of the electrodes when the oxidizing electrode reaches a predetermined length. The biomass solution may be formed from a mixture of water with starches, sugars, carbohydrates, alcohols, and the like.
摘要翻译：用于生物质液体溶液气化的装置包括其中具有生物质液体溶液的反应室。生物质溶液至少包括水和碳。将一对间隔开的碳电极浸入室内的溶液中。直流电源连接到电极以形成从一个电极到另一个电极的电弧，从而氧化一个电极的碳。氧化碳形成一氧化碳和氢气混合物，并且在氧化过程中从生物质溶液释放的碳沉积在相对电极上。在电力源和电极之间插入开关，以便选择性地切换电弧的极性，从而在继续制造COH2气体的同时，引起相对电极的氧化和碳原子沉积在先前氧化的电极上。传感器检测电弧的位置，从而检测氧化电极的长度，并且与氧化电极达到预定长度时使开关改变极性的控制单元电连接。生物质溶液可以由水与淀粉，糖，碳水化合物，醇等的混合物形成。

73. 发明授权

US5327874A Method and device for preparing fuel-air mixture for internal combustion engine 失效
标题翻译：内燃机燃油混合气的制备方法及装置
公开(公告)号：US5327874A
公开(公告)日：1994-07-12
申请号：US64101
申请日：1992-06-30
申请人： Alexandr V. Pugachev , Vasiliy N. Shatalov
发明人： Alexandr V. Pugachev , Vasiliy N. Shatalov
IPC分类号： F02B43/08 , F02B47/02 , F02B47/08 , F02B75/12 , F02M25/07 , F02M27/02 , F02M27/04 , F02M31/04 , F02M31/135 , F02M31/00
CPC分类号： F02M25/0224 , F02B43/08 , F02B47/02 , F02B47/08 , F02B75/12 , F02M26/15 , F02M26/36 , F02M27/04 , F02M31/047 , Y02T10/121 , Y02T10/126 , Y02T10/32
摘要： The present invention relates to the engine-building industry and can find application in the fuel feed system of internal combustion engines for preconditioning part of the flow of a rich fuel-air mixture fed to the main flow to decompose liquid fuel and convert it into a gas. A technical aim of the present invention consists in an increased fuel economy of the engine, reduced toxicity of exhaust gases, and use of a cheaper low-octane fuel. A method for preparing fuel-air mixture consists in that the flow of an overrich fuel-air mixture is additionally heated, before mixing it with the other flow of fuel-air mixture, by passing it through a promoter heated above the mixture ignition temperature, thus providing repeated contact of the flow with the promoter surface. A device comprises a heat-exchanger 1 communicating, via an intake piping 3, with the engine exhaust manifold, a proportioner 5 of the components of the fuel-air mixture being handled provided with an air piping 6, an exhaust gas piping 7, and a fuel piping 8. The proportioner 5 communicates, via a control member 10 and a mixing nozzle 9, with the inlet mixture-handling loop of the heat-exchanger 1. A promoter 12 is provided in the heat-exchanger outlet nozzle, arranged in a spaceless relation thereto and being in fact a heating element having a well-developed surface and may be variously embodied.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及发动机建造行业，并且可以在内燃机的燃料供给系统中应用，以预处理供给主流的富燃料 - 空气混合物的一部分流分解液体燃料并将其转化为加油站。本发明的技术目的在于提高发动机的燃油经济性，减少废气的毒性，以及使用廉价的低辛烷值燃料。制备燃料 - 空气混合物的方法在于，通过将燃料 - 空气混合物的混合物与其它燃料 - 空气混合物流混合，通过使其通过加热到高于混合物着火温度的助催化剂，另外加热过量的燃料 - 空气混合物的流动，从而提供流与促进剂表面的反复接触。一种装置包括：热交换器1，其经由进气管道3与发动机排气歧管连通;燃料 - 空气混合物的部件的配料器5被处理，设有空气管道6，排气管道7和燃料配管8.配料器5经由控制部件10和混合喷嘴9与热交换器1的入口混合物处理回路连通。在热交换器出口喷嘴中设置有促进器12，配置在与其无空间关系，实际上是具有良好显影表面的加热元件，并且可以进行各种实施。

74. 发明授权

US4884531A Operation of an internal combustion engine with a pre-engine reformer 失效
标题翻译：具有预发动机重整器的内燃机的操作
公开(公告)号：US4884531A
公开(公告)日：1989-12-05
申请号：US213855
申请日：1988-06-30
申请人： Thomas F. Degnan, Jr. , Ralph M. Dessau
发明人： Thomas F. Degnan, Jr. , Ralph M. Dessau
IPC分类号： F02B1/04 , F02B43/08 , F02M27/02
CPC分类号： F02B43/08 , F02M27/02 , F02B1/04 , Y02T10/32
摘要： A method is provided of operating an internal combustion engine comprising subjecting a hydrocarbon fuel of relatively low octane number to in situ reforming at elevated temperatures by passing it through a reaction zone containing a substantially non-acid catalyst comprising a Group VIII hydrogenation/dehydrogenation metallic element, e.g., platinum, and an intermediate pore zeolite, e.g., having an X-ray diffraction pattern similar to that of an acidic zeolite which has a Constraint Index in the approximate range of about 1 to 12, such that the fuel leaving said reaction zone has an increased octane number, and passing the fuel to the combustion chamber of said engine.
摘要翻译：提供了一种操作内燃机的方法，该内燃机包括使相对低辛烷值的烃燃料在升高的温度下进行原位重整，使其通过含有基本上非酸性催化剂的反应区，该催化剂包含第VIII族氢化/脱氢金属元素例如铂和中间孔沸石，例如具有类似于具有大约1至12约的约束指数的酸性沸石的X射线衍射图，使得离开所述反应区的燃料具有增加的辛烷值，并将燃料通过所述发动机的燃烧室。

75. 发明授权

US4689949A Coal gasification composite power generator 失效
标题翻译：煤气化复合发电机
公开(公告)号：US4689949A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-01
申请号：US816389
申请日：1986-01-06
申请人： Masamichi Kashiwazaki , Kiichiro Ogawa , Satoshi Uchida
发明人： Masamichi Kashiwazaki , Kiichiro Ogawa , Satoshi Uchida
IPC分类号： B02C23/34 , C10J3/50 , F01K23/06 , F02C3/28 , F02C6/04 , F22B1/18 , F23K1/04 , C10J3/48 , C10J3/86 , F02B43/08
CPC分类号： F23K1/04 , C10J3/466 , C10J3/506 , F01K23/067 , F22B1/1892 , C10J2300/0906 , C10J2300/1606 , C10J2300/165 , C10J2300/1671 , Y02E20/18
摘要： A coal gasification composite power generator which comprises a coal pulverizer in which coal is finely pulverized, a means for transferring the finely pulverized coal while drying the finely pulverized coal with a drying gas, a coal feeding means for feeding the coal from the transfer means to a gasification furnace in which the coal is converted to a combustible gas, a gas turbine connected to the gasification furnace and driven with the combustible gas fed from the gasification furnace, and an exhaust gas boiler to which an exhaust gas from the gas turbine is passed to recover the heat of the exhaust gas. The power generator is characterized by further comprising a device for withdrawing part of the combustion exhaust gas at an upstream and a downstream side of the exhaust gas boiler and mixing the withdrawn gases and a pipe connecting the withdrawing device and the pulverizer, so that the mixed gas is passed to the pulverizer.
摘要翻译：一种煤气化复合发电机，其特征在于，包括煤粉碎机的粉煤机，用干燥气体干燥细粉煤的煤粉转送装置，将来自转送装置的煤供给到煤供给装置将煤转化为可燃气体的气化炉，与气化炉连接并由从气化炉供给的可燃性气体驱动的燃气轮机，以及来自燃气轮机的废气通过的废气锅炉以回收废气的热量。发电机的特征还在于，还包括用于在排气锅炉的上游侧和下游侧排出一部分燃烧废气的装置，并将抽出的气体与连接抽出装置和粉碎机的管道混合，气体通入粉碎机。

76. 发明授权

US4597363A Hydrogen generator for motor vehicle 失效
标题翻译：汽车用氢发生器
公开(公告)号：US4597363A
公开(公告)日：1986-07-01
申请号：US472987
申请日：1983-04-20
申请人： Melvin Emelock
发明人： Melvin Emelock
IPC分类号： B60K8/00 , C01B3/22 , F02B43/08
CPC分类号： B60K8/00 , C01B3/22 , Y10S123/12
摘要： Oxalic acid, dispersed in glycerol is heated to form formic acid which is then heated at a higher temperature to form hydrogen. By-product carbon dioxide is absorbed. The hydrogen is used directly with a fuel cell to produce electricity or as fuel for an internal combustion engine.
摘要翻译：分散在甘油中的草酸被加热形成甲酸，然后将其加热到更高的温度以形成氢气。副产物二氧化碳被吸收。氢气直接与燃料电池一起使用以产生电力或用作内燃机的燃料。

77. 发明授权

US4597257A Plant for preparing and hydrolyzing fossil fuels to prepare products low in sulfur content, and employment of these products for a combined generation of the electric current and gas 失效
标题翻译：用于制备和水解化石燃料以制备硫含量低的产品的工厂，以及这些产品用于组合生产电流和气体
公开(公告)号：US4597257A
公开(公告)日：1986-07-01
申请号：US923372
申请日：1978-07-10
申请人： Ernst Schuster , Klaus Knizia
发明人： Ernst Schuster , Klaus Knizia
IPC分类号： F02B43/08
CPC分类号： F02B43/08 , Y02T10/32
摘要： A plant for processing solid fossil fuels in which the fuel is crushed and is conveyed by flue gas to further processing stations. In the further stations, the fuel is desulfurized and hydrolyzed and is separated into solid and gaseous components for use in the generation of steam or for supply to a fuel gas supply network.
摘要翻译：一种用于处理固体化石燃料的设备，其中燃料被粉碎并通过烟道气输送到另外的加工站。在其他站中，燃料被脱硫和水解，并被分离成固体和气体组分，用于产生蒸汽或供应到燃料气体供应网络。

78. 发明授权

US4419968A Method and apparatus for removing hydrogen sulfide from fuel for an internal combustion engine 失效
标题翻译：一种用于从内燃机燃料中除去硫化氢的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4419968A
公开(公告)日：1983-12-13
申请号：US403977
申请日：1982-08-02
申请人： Roy C. Lee
发明人： Roy C. Lee
IPC分类号： C10G25/00 , F02B43/08
CPC分类号： C10G25/00
摘要： Two reactors containing an absorbing composition are utilized to remove hydrogen sulfide (H.sub.2 S) from a fuel being utilized as fuel for an internal combustion engine. The reactors are heated to reaction temperature with the engine exhaust gas and the engine exhaust gas is also utilized to regenerate the absorbing composition. Continuous removal of hydrogen sulfide is achieved by utilizing the absoring composition in one reactor to remove H.sub.2 S while the absorbing composition in the second reactor is regenerated. When the absorbing composition in the first reactor becomes sulfided to the extent desired, the absorbing composition in the second reactor is then utilized to remove H.sub.2 S while the absorbing composition in the first reactor is regenerated.
摘要翻译：使用包含吸收组合物的两个反应器从用作内燃机的燃料的燃料中除去硫化氢（H 2 S）。将反应器与发动机废气加热至反应温度，并且还利用发动机废气再生吸收组合物。通过在一个反应器中利用吸收组合物除去H 2 S，同时再生第二反应器中的吸收组合物来实现连续除去硫化氢。当第一反应器中的吸收组合物被硫化至所需的程度时，然后利用第二反应器中的吸收组合物除去H 2 S，同时第一反应器中的吸收组合物被再生。

79. 发明授权

US4393817A Combustion and pollution control system 失效
公开(公告)号：US4393817A
公开(公告)日：1983-07-19
申请号：US190932
申请日：1980-09-25
申请人： John E. Lindberg
发明人： John E. Lindberg
IPC分类号： F02B3/06 , F02B43/08 , F02B43/10 , F02B47/00 , F02B47/02 , F02B51/04 , F02B51/06 , F02M25/00 , F02B19/00
CPC分类号： F02M25/00 , F02B43/08 , F02B43/10 , F02B47/02 , F02B3/06 , F02B47/00 , F02B51/04 , F02B51/06 , Y02T10/121 , Y02T10/126 , Y02T10/32 , Y10S123/12
摘要： A controlled amount of a fluid (steam or water or a solution of water plus additives) is injected into an internal combustion engine to improve combustion, efficiency, and to reduce emissions. The amount of the fluid injected is controlled in response to engine need. The steam is generated by the heat produced by the engine. Combustion gas temperature is used to control the amount of steam produced by varying the fluid flow through one or more fixed or variable orifice control valves. The steam is injected in a piston engine to cool peak temperatures, to prevent detonation and pre-ignition, to smooth out hot spots, to prevent auto-ignition or dieseling, and to use the vapor energy in the expansion cycle to increase low speed torque and acceleration. The steam is used to cause full retard of the vacuum spark advance during acceleration at full load from low speed, and a large amount of steam is injected at this point in the cycle to prevent pre-ignition and detonation. Ultrasonic energy is added to the injected steam to produce better mixing and distribution. Hydrogen is also injected to permit better combustion with higher amounts of air. The hydrogen is produced by the interaction of a catalyst on the steam and fuel hydrocarbons and ultrasonic energy. At times exhaust gas and other additives, such as hydrogen peroxide, methyl alcohol and ammonia are injected.

80. 发明授权

US4362137A Hydrogen pyrolysis fuel injection 失效
标题翻译：氢热裂解燃料喷射
公开(公告)号：US4362137A
公开(公告)日：1982-12-07
申请号：US147486
申请日：1980-05-07
申请人： Louis R. O'Hare
发明人： Louis R. O'Hare
IPC分类号： F02B1/04 , F02B43/10 , F02B47/00 , F02B75/12 , F02B43/08 , F02M31/02 , F02M31/20
CPC分类号： F02B43/10 , F02B47/00 , F02D19/0671 , F02B1/04 , F02B2075/125 , Y02T10/121 , Y02T10/123 , Y02T10/32 , Y02T10/36 , Y10S123/12
摘要： An ultralean fuel mixture ignition and induction system is disclosed in which very lean fuel-air mixtures are used in internal combustion engines by means of a novel method and apparatus which greatly increases the burning rate of extremely lean mixtures to thereby prevent afterfire and backfire which would otherwise result from these lean mixtures when used in an engine, this same improvement in burning rate being able to provide improved fuel economy in that less fuel is required per combustion event and it is also able to provide better control over exhaust emission products in that combustion is cooler and more complete. The increased burning rate producing these effects is achieved when fuel that is being directly injected by conventional methods is routed through a pyrolysis cell and a cooler on its way to the combustion chamber, the fuel being thereby stripped of some of its hydrogen and being thereby impelled along with the hydrogen into the cylinder during the compression cycle.
摘要翻译：公开了一种超小型燃料混合物点火和感应系统，其中通过新颖的方法和装置将非常贫的燃料 - 空气混合物用于内燃机中，其极大地增加了极瘦的混合物的燃烧速率，从而防止了后燃烧和反火否则由这些贫混合物在发动机中使用时，燃烧速率的同样改善能够提供改善的燃料经济性，因为每个燃烧事件需要较少的燃料，并且还能够提供对该燃烧中废气排放产物的更好的控制更冷和更完整。当通过常规方法直接注入的燃料通过热解单元和在通向燃烧室的途中的冷却器时，产生这些效果的增加的燃烧速率是可以实现的，因此燃料被汽化掉其中的一些氢并由此被推动以及在压缩循环期间氢气进入气缸。

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