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51. 发明授权

US4904081A Surveying apparatus 失效
标题翻译：测量仪器
公开(公告)号：US4904081A
公开(公告)日：1990-02-27
申请号：US125460
申请日：1987-11-24
申请人： Kenji Miyahara
发明人： Kenji Miyahara
IPC分类号： E21B47/022 , G01C7/06
CPC分类号： E21B47/022 , G01C7/06 , Y10T403/32565 , Y10T403/32573
摘要： An surveying apparatus for a route survey including a laser oscillator incorporated in a subjective cylinder and adapted to direct a laser beam onto a target disposed in an objective cylinder to form a laser spot on the target so as to enable the curvature of a route to be measured by analyzing deviation of the laser spot on the target. The subjective and objective cylinders are connected by a joint means disposed in the middle between the laser oscillator and the target, thereby to improve measuring accuracy and durability.
摘要翻译：一种用于路线测量的测量装置，包括：主体气缸中包含的激光振荡器，用于将激光束引导到设置在目标气缸中的目标物体上，以在目标上形成激光点，以使路线的曲率为通过分析目标上的激光点的偏差来测量。主观和客观的气缸通过设置在激光振荡器和目标之间的中间的接合装置连接，从而提高测量精度和耐久性。

52. 发明授权

US4786178A Apparatus and method for detecting the position and orientation of a reference beam of light 失效
标题翻译：用于检测参考光束的位置和取向的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US4786178A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-22
申请号：US941848
申请日：1986-12-15
申请人： Ted L. Teach
发明人： Ted L. Teach
IPC分类号： G01C15/00 , E21D9/06 , G01B11/26 , G01C7/06 , G01B11/00
CPC分类号： G01B11/26 , G01C7/06
摘要： An apparatus for detecting the relative position and orientation of a reference beam of light includes first and second detectors for detecting the intersection of the reference beam with first and second spaced and substantially parallel reference planes. The measured horizontal and vertical deviations between the points of intersection on the two reference planes provide an indication of the orientation of the beam with respect to the apparatus.
摘要翻译：用于检测参考光束的相对位置和取向的装置包括用于检测参考光束与第一和第二间隔和基本平行的参考平面的相交的第一和第二检测器。在两个参考平面上的相交点之间测量的水平和垂直偏差提供了相对于设备的光束取向的指示。

53. 发明授权

US4688937A Methods of, and systems, for monitoring and/or controlling mobile cutting means 失效
标题翻译：用于监测和/或控制移动切割装置的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US4688937A
公开(公告)日：1987-08-25
申请号：US699533
申请日：1985-02-08
申请人： Johannes Konig , Wilhelm Kurfurst , Hans-Gunther; Willers , Martin Reuter
发明人： Johannes Konig , Wilhelm Kurfurst , Hans-Gunther; Willers , Martin Reuter
IPC分类号： G01C5/00 , E21C35/24 , E21D9/10 , G01C7/06 , G01C15/00 , G01S17/42 , G01B11/00
CPC分类号： G01S17/42 , E21C35/24 , E21D9/108 , G01C7/06 , G01S7/4972
摘要： A system serves to establish the spatial positions of a cutter head of a tunnel driving machine with precision and monitors and/or controls this position automatically. The system uses a computer-controlled laser beam scanning technique to locate the three-dimensional positions of mirror devices in successive measuring stations spaced along the tunnel.
摘要翻译：系统用于确定隧道驱动机的刀头的空间位置，并且自动监视和/或控制该位置。该系统使用计算机控制的激光束扫描技术来定位沿着隧道间隔开的连续测量站中的镜装置的三维位置。

54. 发明授权

US4666300A Position measuring method and apparatus 失效
标题翻译：位置测量方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4666300A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-19
申请号：US666959
申请日：1984-10-12
申请人： Peter M. Zollman , John E. Kernthaler
发明人： Peter M. Zollman , John E. Kernthaler
IPC分类号： G01C7/06 , G01C15/00 , G01B11/26 , E21B47/022 , G01C1/00
CPC分类号： G01C7/06 , G01C15/002
摘要： A method of, and apparatus for, determining the position of an unknown fixed location, e.g. the end of an underground passage inaccessible to human beings, involves establishing a chain of measuring station of known station spacing between a base and a position at the unknown fixed location. Each station (except, optionally, the foremost one) of the chain is provided with light sources and photodetectors as well as a goniometer for measuring in at least one plane the angle of inclination of the station immediately ahead of it. The stations of the chain are spaced apart by a known distance and arranged so that each station is within the operative range of the immediately preceding station. By transmitting the measurement results from each station to the base, and processing the data, the position of the fixed location from the measurement results.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / GB84 / 00039 Sec。 371日期1984年10月12日 102（e）日期1984年10月12日PCT提交1984年2月14日PCT公布。公开号WO84 / 03121 日期1984年8月16日。用于确定未知固定位置的位置的方法和装置，例如。人类无法接近的地下通道的末端涉及到在未知固定位置的基座和位置之间建立已知站间距的测量站链。链路的每个站（除了可选地，最重要的一个）设置有光源和光电检测器以及用于在至少一个平面中测量站的立即角度的测角器。链路的站间隔开已知距离并且被布置成使得每个站位于紧接在前的站的操作范围内。通过将测量结果从各站发送到基站，并从测量结果处理数据，固定位置的位置。

55. 发明授权

US4643567A Device for controlling the position of a tunnelling machine 失效
标题翻译：用于控制隧道机位置的装置
公开(公告)号：US4643567A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-17
申请号：US621731
申请日：1984-06-18
申请人： Bernhard Droscher , Alfred Zitz
发明人： Bernhard Droscher , Alfred Zitz
IPC分类号： G01C7/06 , G01B11/26 , G01C1/00
CPC分类号： G01C7/06
摘要： The device for controlling the position of a tunnelling machine has a housing (2) swivelling about an axis (3), within of which three measuring surfaces (11, 14, 18) are arranged. The first two measuring surfaces (11, 14) have openings of passage (12) for a laser beam (5), the clear width (a, c) of which diminishes in the direction of propagation of the laser beam (5). The clear width (a) of the first measuring surface (11) is smaller than the diameter (e) of the striking area of the laser beam in this measuring surface (11). The receiver elements (13, 16, 17) are arranged symmetrically in relation to the axis of the openings of passage or in case of the last measuring surface (18) in the axis and within the normal projection of the edges of the openings of passage of a preceding measuring surface (FIG. 3).
摘要翻译：用于控制隧道掘进机位置的装置具有围绕轴线（3）旋转的壳体（2），其中布置有三个测量表面（11,14,18）。前两个测量表面（11,14）具有用于激光束（5）的通道（12）开口，其中透明宽度（a，c）在激光束（5）的传播方向上减小。第一测量表面（11）的透明宽度（a）小于该测量表面（11）中激光束的打击区域的直径（e）。接收器元件（13,16,17）相对于通道的开口的轴线对称地布置，或者在最后的测量表面（18）的轴线的情况下，并且在通道的开口的边缘的正常突起内（图3）。

56. 发明授权

US4180322A Interior measurement of enclosed spaces 失效
标题翻译：封闭空间内部测量
公开(公告)号：US4180322A
公开(公告)日：1979-12-25
申请号：US901865
申请日：1978-05-01
申请人： Michel Farcinade
发明人： Michel Farcinade
IPC分类号： G01B11/25 , G01C7/06 , G01C3/00 , E01B35/02
CPC分类号： G01C7/06 , G01B11/25
摘要： An apparatus for measuring interior profiles of enclosed spaces such as railway tunnels through optical means, achieves greater speed and precision than hitherto known apparatus by using a continuous collimated band of light together with means for maintaining the light band at a constant angle of incidence with the profile to be measured and means for detecting variations of the vertical angle of the light source while the light source and an associated image analyser are moved through the enclosed space.
摘要翻译：用于通过光学装置测量诸如铁路隧道的封闭空间的内部轮廓的装置比迄今已知的装置通过使用连续的准直光带与用于将光带保持恒定的入射角的装置相比获得更大的速度和精度要测量的轮廓和在光源和相关联的图像分析器移动通过封闭空间时检测光源的垂直角的变化的装置。

57. 发明授权

US4063283A Automatic envelope measuring system 失效
标题翻译：自动包络测量系统
公开(公告)号：US4063283A
公开(公告)日：1977-12-13
申请号：US564788
申请日：1975-04-03
申请人： Aern E. Rider , Donald R. Neal
发明人： Aern E. Rider , Donald R. Neal
IPC分类号： G01C7/06 , H04N3/00 , G01B11/28 , G01C3/00
CPC分类号： G01C7/06
摘要： A system for automatically measuring a clearance envelope about a path of travel in a specific embodiment includes a laser and a rotating reflector mounted on a moving vehicle for radially scanning the region around the path of travel in a direction generally perpendicular to the path of travel. A television camera is mounted on the vehicle and is responsive to light from the laser that has been reflected by objects located within the viewing field of the camera. The television camera is radially scanned and provides analog video signals representative of the radial distances between the reflector and the scanned objects. An analog video tape recorder is utilized to record on video tape the distance representative video signals together with binary codes or identification numbers identifying the camera radial scanning information. The video tape may be played at a central or home office where the distance representative analog video signals may be converted to digital computer compatible binary form for suitable processing and storing by the computer.
摘要翻译：用于在特定实施例中自动测量关于行进路径的间隙包络的系统包括安装在移动车辆上的激光器和旋转反射器，用于沿大致垂直于行进路径的方向径向扫描行进路径周围的区域。电视摄像机被安装在车辆上并响应来自位于照相机视场内的物体所反射的激光的光。电视摄像机被径向扫描并且提供表示反射器和被扫描物体之间的径向距离的模拟视频信号。使用模拟录像机在视频磁带上记录代表视频信号的距离以及识别摄像机径向扫描信息的二进制码或标识号。视频磁带可以在中央或家庭办公室播放，其中代表性的模拟视频信号的距离可以被转换成数字计算机兼容的二进制形式，以由计算机进行适当的处理和存储。

58. 发明授权

US3705772A Profile determining method and system 失效
标题翻译：配置文件的确定方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US3705772A
公开(公告)日：1972-12-12
申请号：US3705772D
申请日：1971-04-20
申请人： SCI TEK COMPUTER CENTER INC
发明人： ANDREAS HENRY E
IPC分类号： G01B11/24 , G01C7/06 , G01C13/00 , G01C3/08
CPC分类号： G01C7/06 , G01B11/24 , G01C13/008
摘要： A distance ranging system of conventional design is utilized to measure radial distances transversely to the direction of motion of a vehicle or other object along a right-of-way. Using a high speed rotating transducer element, successive radial scansions are made during the vehicle movement. Each successive radial scansion or sweep is divided into segments or channels, one for every preselected number of degrees of arc in the swept field under examination. At least one channel covers every portion of the swept field. The range information for corresponding arcuate portions or channels of each succeeding revolution or sweep is compared with that previously stored information for such channel and the minimum range information retained for each of the channels. Thus, with each sweep or revolution of the ranging device, new data for each channel is individually compared with the data already residing in each channel. If the new distance measured is less than the distance previously measured and stored for this channel, this new measurement information is then stored and the old information discarded. Simultaneously therewith, lineal distance information as to the location of each minimum range point can be recorded in separate storage area. The process continues for each right-of-way to be measured at which time the operator transfers the stored information to be transferred to paper tape or other storage.
摘要翻译：使用常规设计的距离测距系统来测量横向于车辆或其他物体沿着右路的运动方向的径向距离。使用高速旋转传感器元件，在车辆运动期间进行连续的径向扫描。每个连续的径向扩张或扫描被划分为段或通道，每个预先选定的弧度在检查的扫描场中的数量。至少一个通道覆盖扫掠场的每一部分。将每个后续旋转或扫描的相应弧形部分或通道的范围信息与先前存储的用于这种通道的信息和为每个通道保留的最小范围信息进行比较。因此，通过测距设备的每次扫描或转动，每个通道的新数据与已经驻留在每个通道中的数据单独进行比较。如果测量的新距离小于该通道先前测量和存储的距离，则存储该新的测量信息，并丢弃旧信息。与此同时，关于每个最小范围点的位置的线性距离信息可以记录在单独的存储区域中。该过程将继续进行，以便在操作员将存储的信息转移到纸带或其他存储器的时间进行测量。

59. 发明授权

US3498673A Machine guidance system and method 失效
标题翻译：机器指导系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US3498673A
公开(公告)日：1970-03-03
申请号：US3498673D
申请日：1968-02-19
申请人： LAWRENCE MFG CO
发明人： LEDRAY WILLIAM , COSKI WILLIAM D
IPC分类号： E21C35/08 , E21D9/10 , G01C7/06 , E21C35/00
CPC分类号： E21C35/08 , E21D9/10 , E21D9/1093 , G01C7/06

60. 发明授权

US3321248A Tunneling machine guidance by impingement of laser beam on pair of machine carried targets 失效
标题翻译：通过激光束撞击一对机器携带目标的隧道机引导
公开(公告)号：US3321248A
公开(公告)日：1967-05-23
申请号：US43828065
申请日：1965-03-09
申请人： HUGHES TOOL CO
发明人： WILLIAMSON THOMAS N , MULLINS JOHN M , SHOLTESS CALVIN D
IPC分类号： E21D9/10 , G01C7/06
CPC分类号： G01C7/06 , E21D9/10

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