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41. 发明申请

US20070235667A1 Entrance window for gas filled radiation detectors 有权
标题翻译：燃气放射探测器入口窗口
公开(公告)号：US20070235667A1
公开(公告)日：2007-10-11
申请号：US10657861
申请日：2003-09-10
申请人： Boris Olshvanger , Gregory Bogorodzki
发明人： Boris Olshvanger , Gregory Bogorodzki
IPC分类号： G21F1/00
CPC分类号： G01T1/185
摘要： In a preferred embodiment, an entrance window for a gas filled radiation detector, including: a plastic core with electro conductive coatings on both an inner side and an outer side of the plastic core.
摘要翻译：在优选实施例中，一种用于气体填充的辐射检测器的入口窗口，包括：在塑料芯的内侧和外侧上具有导电涂层的塑料芯。

42. 发明申请

US20060236755A1 Accelerated ultralow moisture permeation measurement 有权
标题翻译：加速超低湿度渗透测量
公开(公告)号：US20060236755A1
公开(公告)日：2006-10-26
申请号：US11114814
申请日：2005-04-25
申请人： Roko Bujas , Ralf Dunkel , William Raggio
发明人： Roko Bujas , Ralf Dunkel , William Raggio
IPC分类号： G01N15/08
CPC分类号： G01N15/0826 , G01N15/0806 , G01N2015/086 , G01T1/185
摘要： By measuring ultralow moisture permeation through a barrier material sample at a temperature substantially above ambient, definitive values are produced on an accelerated basis that can be used to accurately predict long term daily performance of that barrier material. The sample is heated to a desired test temperature where there is controlled access to both its upstream and downstream surfaces, and HTO vapor is then supplied at predetermined relative humidity to the upstream surface by fracturing a glass ampoule containing not more than 10 millicuries of specific radioactivity for each test. Radioactive gas permeating from the downstream surface is collected by circulating a very slow flow of dry carrier gas past the downstream surface, which stream flows to an ionization chamber containing a beta-particle radiation monitor. Continuous monitoring generates signals that are converted to calculate instantaneous permeation rates through the sample, and operation at such elevated temperature is carried out until the values being monitored reach a steady state, allowing accurate prediction of the extent of long term barrier protection against moisture permeation the sample will exhibit.
摘要翻译：通过在基本上高于环境温度的温度下测量通过阻挡材料样品的超低水分渗透，可以加速地产生可用于准确预测该阻隔材料的长期日常性能的确定值。将样品加热到所需的测试温度，在那里可控制地进入其上游和下游表面，然后通过压裂含有不超过10毫升特定放射性的玻璃安瓿来将HTO蒸气以预定的相对湿度供应到上游表面为每次测试。通过将非常缓慢的干燥载气流经过下游表面循环而收集从下游表面渗透的放射性气体，该流将流入含有β粒子辐射监测器的电离室。连续监测产生的信号被转换成计算通过样品的瞬时渗透速率，并且在这样升高的温度下进行操作，直到监测值达到稳定状态，允许准确预测长期屏障防止水分渗透的程度样品将展出。

43. 发明申请

US20050194541A1 Large area ionization detector and methods for detecting low level radiation 审中-公开
标题翻译：大面积电离检测器和低水平辐射检测方法
公开(公告)号：US20050194541A1
公开(公告)日：2005-09-08
申请号：US10793319
申请日：2004-03-03
申请人： Brett Clark , Ronald Fleming
发明人： Brett Clark , Ronald Fleming
IPC分类号： G01T1/185
CPC分类号： G01T1/185
摘要： The invention includes an ionizing radiation detector which includes a chamber within a housing. A receiving member within the chamber has a plurality of spaced holders for receiving samples. The samples are maintained in an array of substantially parallel samples with the samples functioning as electrodes within the chamber. The invention includes a method of counting emissions from samples. An odd number of electrodes are introduced into a detector chamber. Each of the electrodes includes at least one sample to be analyzed. The electrodes are organized into an array of substantially parallel electrodes, each electrode being in electrical communication with a contact surface. The electrode array includes cathodes and anodes where the number of cathodes differs from the number of anodes by one. A voltage is applied across the electrodes and particle emission is detected from the samples based upon ionization of counting gas within the chamber.
摘要翻译：本发明包括电离辐射检测器，其包括在壳体内的腔室。室内的接收构件具有用于接收样品的多个间隔开的保持器。将样品保持在基本上平行的样品的阵列中，其中样品用作室内的电极。本发明包括对来自样品的排放物进行计数的方法。将奇数个电极引入检测器室。每个电极包括至少一个要分析的样品。电极被组织成基本平行的电极的阵列，每个电极与接触表面电连通。电极阵列包括其中阴极数与阳极数不同的阴极和阳极。在电极之间施加电压，并且基于室内的计数气体的离子化从样品中检测出颗粒发射。

44. 发明申请

US20050092928A1 Bidimensional detector of ionizing radiation and manufacturing process for this detector 审中-公开
标题翻译：电离辐射的二维检测器和该检测器的制造过程
公开(公告)号：US20050092928A1
公开(公告)日：2005-05-05
申请号：US10989278
申请日：2004-11-17
申请人： Jean-Louis Gerstenmayer , Serge Maitrejean , Claude Hennion , Irene Dorion , Pascal Desaute
发明人： Jean-Louis Gerstenmayer , Serge Maitrejean , Claude Hennion , Irene Dorion , Pascal Desaute
IPC分类号： G01T1/185 , G01T1/29
CPC分类号： G01T1/2935 , G01T1/185
摘要： Bidimensional detector of ionizing radiation and manufacturing process for the detector. The detector includes a block created from a material which releases secondary particles by interaction with incident ionizing radiation with an energy level greater than or equal to 100 keV. The thickness of the block is at least equal to one-tenth of the mean free path traveled by the incident ionizing radiation particles in the material. Parallel slits run through the block and the slits are filled with a fluid configured to interact with the secondary particles to produce other particles representing the radiation. The block, and then the slits, are formed, for example, by waterjet cutting, electrical discharge machining, or roll-out stretch wire. The bidimensional detector can be used, for example, for radiographic purposes.
摘要翻译：电离辐射的二维检测器和检测器的制造过程。检测器包括由材料制成的块，该材料通过与能级等于或等于100keV的入射电离辐射的相互作用释放二次粒子。块的厚度至少等于材料中入射电离辐射粒子行进的平均自由程的十分之一。平行的狭缝贯穿块体，并且狭缝填充有配置成与二次颗粒相互作用以产生表示辐射的其他颗粒的流体。例如，通过水刀切割，放电加工或拉出拉伸丝来形成块体，然后形成狭缝。二维检测器可用于例如用于放射照相目的。

45. 发明授权

US06822240B2 Detection of radiation and positron emission tomography 失效
标题翻译：检测辐射和正电子发射断层扫描
公开(公告)号：US06822240B2
公开(公告)日：2004-11-23
申请号：US09752722
申请日：2001-01-03
申请人： Tom Francke , Vladimir Peskov
发明人： Tom Francke , Vladimir Peskov
IPC分类号： G01T1185
CPC分类号： G01T1/205 , G01T1/185
摘要： A radiation detector including a chamber capable of being filled with an ionizable and scintillating substance, and a radiation entrance arranged such that radiation can enter said chamber partly for ionizing said ionizable and scintillating substance, partly for being converted into light therein, is disclosed. The detector further includes a light detector for detection of said light, and an electron avalanche detector for avalanche amplification and detection of electrons released as a result of the ionization. Further, there are provided means for correlating detected light and detected electrons, which are derivable from a single radiation photon; and means for producing a signal from the correlated detected light and detected electrons. The detector is particularly suitable for positron emission tomography (PET).
摘要翻译：一种辐射检测器，其包括能够填充有可电离和闪烁物质的室，以及放射入口，其布置成使得辐射部分可以进入所述室，用于电离所述可电离和闪烁的物质，部分地用于将其转换成光。检测器还包括用于检测所述光的光检测器和用于雪崩放大和检测作为电离结果释放的电子的电子雪崩检测器。此外，提供了用于使检测到的光和检测到的电子相关的装置，其可从单个辐射光子导出; 以及用于从相关的检测光和检测到的电子产生信号的装置。检测器特别适用于正电子发射断层摄影（PET）。

46. 发明授权

US06822239B2 Corpuscular beam image detector using gas amplification by pixel type electrodes 有权
标题翻译：通过像素型电极进行气体放大的球形束图像检测器
公开(公告)号：US06822239B2
公开(公告)日：2004-11-23
申请号：US10069237
申请日：2002-02-22
申请人： Toru Tanimori , Atsuhiko Ochi
发明人： Toru Tanimori , Atsuhiko Ochi
IPC分类号： G01T118
CPC分类号： G01T1/185
摘要： A particle beam image detector employing gas amplification attained by pixel-type electrodes has high sensitivity and improved reliability of electrodes. Electrons e− produced through ionization of the gas move under the force of a drift field toward a pixel in the form of a columnar anode electrode. Avalanche amplification occurs in the vicinity of the columnar anode electrode due to a strong electric field between anode and cathode and the pointed shape of the electrode. The positive ions quickly drift toward strip-shaped cathode electrodes. Electric charges are generated on the columnar anode electrodes and also on the strip-shaped cathodes and these electric charges are observable to determine the anode or cathode strip at which this amplification phenomenon occurs and thus to obtain information as to position of the incident particle beam.
摘要翻译：使用由像素型电极获得的气体放大的粒子束图像检测器具有高灵敏度和改善电极的可靠性。通过气体离子化产生的电子e e在漂移场的作用下朝向柱状阳极电极形式的像素移动。由于阳极和阴极之间的强电场和电极的尖的形状，在柱状阳极电极附近发生雪崩放大。正离子快速漂移到条状阴极电极。在柱状阳极电极和带状阴极上产生电荷，并且观察到这些电荷以确定发生该放大现象的阳极或阴极条，从而获得有关入射的粒子束的位置的信息。

47. 发明授权

US06747278B1 Radiation detector utilizing an unregulated power supply 失效
标题翻译：辐射检测器利用不受监管的电源
公开(公告)号：US06747278B1
公开(公告)日：2004-06-08
申请号：US10166485
申请日：2002-06-10
申请人： Anthony P. Campione
发明人： Anthony P. Campione
IPC分类号： G01T100
CPC分类号： G01T1/185
摘要： A radiation detector that utilizes an unregulated power supply as opposed to a regulated power supply, since quantitative results are not required, only an audible signal, and an unregulated power supply is less expensive than that of a regulated power supply. The radiation detector includes a Geiger-muller tube, a nine volt DC power supply, a solid state oscillator with an output of 2 kilohertz, a high voltage power supply, and an audio amplifier.
摘要翻译：辐射检测器利用不稳定的电源而不是稳压电源，因为不需要定量的结果，只有可听见的信号，而不稳定的电源比稳压的电源便宜。辐射检测器包括盖革机管，9伏直流电源，2千赫兹输出的固态振荡器，高压电源和音频放大器。

48. 发明授权

US06732059B2 Ultra-low background gas-filled alpha counter 有权
标题翻译：超低背景气体填充阿尔法计数器
公开(公告)号：US06732059B2
公开(公告)日：2004-05-04
申请号：US09938136
申请日：2001-08-23
申请人： William K. Warburton , John Wahl , Michael Momayezi
发明人： William K. Warburton , John Wahl , Michael Momayezi
IPC分类号： G06F1900
CPC分类号： G01T1/185
摘要： A method and counter for reducing the background counting rate in gas-filled alpha particle counters wherein the counter is constructed in such a manner as to exaggerate the differences in the features in preamplifier pulses generated by collecting the charges in ionization tracks produced by alpha particles emanating from different regions within the counter and then using pulse feature analysis to recognize these differences and so discriminate between different regions of emanation. Thus alpha particles emitted from the sample can then be counted while those emitted from the counter components can be rejected, resulting in very low background counting rates even from large samples. In one embodiment, a multi-wire ionization chamber, different electric fields are created in different regions of the counter and the resultant difference in electron velocities during charge collection allow alpha particles from the sample and counter backwall to be distinguished. In a second embodiment, a parallel-plate ionization chamber, the counter dimensions are adjusted so that charge collection times are much longer for ionization tracks caused by sample source alpha particles than for those caused by anode source alpha particles. In both embodiments a guard electrode can be placed about the anode's perimeter and secondary pulse feature analysis performed on signal pulses output from a preamplifier attached to this guard electrode to further identify and reject alpha particles emanating from the counter's sidewalls in order to further lower the counter's background.
摘要翻译：一种用于降低气体填充的α粒子计数器中的背景计数率的方法和计数器，其中计数器被构造为夸大通过在由发射的α粒子产生的电离轨道中收集电荷而产生的前置放大器脉冲中的特征的差异从计数器内的不同区域，然后使用脉冲特征分析来识别这些差异，从而区分不同发射区域。因此，可以计数从样品发射的α粒子，而从计数器组件发射的α颗粒可以被排除，导致甚至从大样品得到非常低的背景计数速率。在一个实施例中，多线电离室在计数器的不同区域产生不同的电场，并且在电荷收集过程中产生的电子速度的差异允许区分来自样品和反向后壁的α粒子。在第二实施例中，平行板电离室被调整，使得由样品源α粒子引起的电离轨道的电荷收集时间比由阳极源α粒子引起的电荷收集时间长得多。在两个实施例中，保护电极可以围绕阳极的周边放置，并且对从连接到该保护电极的前置放大器输出的信号脉冲进行辅助脉冲特征分析，以进一步识别和排除从计数器的侧壁发出的α粒子，以进一步降低计数器的背景。

49. 发明授权

US06731065B1 Apparatus and method for radiation detection with radiation beam impinging on photocathode layer at a grazing incidence 失效
标题翻译：放射线检测的装置和方法，辐射束以掠入射入射在光电阴极层上
公开(公告)号：US06731065B1
公开(公告)日：2004-05-04
申请号：US09698174
申请日：2000-10-30
申请人： Tom Francke , Vladimir Peskov
发明人： Tom Francke , Vladimir Peskov
IPC分类号： H01J4304
CPC分类号： G01T1/185 , H01J43/02
摘要： The present invention relates to an apparatus for detection of radiation comprising a photocathode layer adapted to release photoelectrons in dependence on incident radiation; a radiation entrance arranged such that a beam of radiation can be entered into the apparatus through said radiation entrance and can impinge on said photocathode layer at grazing incidence; an electron avalanche amplifier adapted to avalanche amplify photoelectrons released from said photocathode layer; and a readout arrangement adapted to detect avalanche amplified electrons from said amplifier. The invention further relates to a corresponding method for detection of ionizing radiation and to an arrangement for use in planar beam radiography comprising the detector apparatus.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于检测辐射的装置，包括适于根据入射辐射释放光电子的光电阴极层; 辐射入口被布置成使得辐射束可以通过所述辐射入口进入设备中，并且可以以掠射入射入射到所述光电阴极层上; 适用于雪崩放大从所述光电阴极层释放的光电子的电子雪崩放大器; 以及适于从所述放大器检测雪崩放大的电子的读出装置。本发明还涉及用于检测电离辐射的相应方法以及用于平面射线照相成像的装置，其包括检测器装置。

50. 发明申请

US20030178566A1 Detector arrangement for energy measurement of pulsed x-ray radiation 有权
标题翻译：用于脉冲X射线辐射能量测量的检测器布置
公开(公告)号：US20030178566A1
公开(公告)日：2003-09-25
申请号：US10393930
申请日：2003-03-20
申请人： XTREME technologies GmbH
发明人： Guido Schriever , Juergen Kleinschmidt
IPC分类号： G01T001/00
CPC分类号： G01T1/185 , G01T1/29
摘要： The invention is directed to a detector arrangement for energy measurement of pulsed x-ray radiation, particularly for monitoring the energy emitted by pulsed EUV radiation sources. The object of the invention, to find a novel possibility for energy measurement of high-energy x-ray radiation or EUV radiation which permits an accurate monitoring of the radiation dose over the entire life of the radiation source without continual calibration of the radiation detectors, is met according to the invention in that a closed vessel is provided which has an inlet opening for the radiation to be detected, is filled with a suitable gas under defined pressure for absorbing the radiation and has a linear extension, at least in the direction of incidence of the radiation, which is adapted to the absorption behavior of the gas so that the radiation to be detected is absorbed before it can reach a wall of the vessel, and at least one pressure sensor is arranged in the vessel for measuring a pressure wave generated due to the local temperature change occurring as a result of temporary intensive radiation absorption.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及用于脉冲X射线辐射能量测量的检测器装置，特别是用于监测由脉冲EUV辐射源发射的能量。本发明的目的是为了找到能量测量高能X射线辐射或EUV辐射的新颖可能性，其允许在辐射源的整个寿命期内对辐射剂量的精确监测，而不必对辐射探测器进行持续校准，根据本发明满足的是，提供了一个封闭的容器，其具有用于待检测的辐射的入口，在限定的压力下填充合适的气体以吸收辐射并具有线性延伸，至少在辐射的入射率适合于气体的吸收行为，使得待检测的辐射在其可以到达容器的壁之前被吸收，并且至少一个压力传感器布置在容器中用于测量压力波由于临时强烈的辐射吸收而导致局部温度变化而产生。

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