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41. 发明授权

US4196720A Solar energy collecting structure 失效
标题翻译：太阳能收集结构
公开(公告)号：US4196720A
公开(公告)日：1980-04-08
申请号：US835884
申请日：1977-09-23
申请人： Ahmed A. ElDifrawi , Terence W. McLorg , Lloyd H. Rain
发明人： Ahmed A. ElDifrawi , Terence W. McLorg , Lloyd H. Rain
IPC分类号： F24J2/16 , F24J2/50 , F24J2/54 , F24J3/02
CPC分类号： F24J2/16 , F24J2/50 , F24J2/54 , Y02E10/47
摘要： The structure disclosed includes an air supported transparent membrane which encloses a solar collector unit. The solar unit includes a solar collector element and two angled walls that support and position the element. The solar collector element receives and absorbs solar radiation and provides heat to a circulating fluid. The support walls extend forwardly and outwardly from the collector element and have reflecting facing surfaces to increase the amount of radiation falling on the element. The walls extend rearwardly of the element to define a chamber in which small rocks are stored to provide heat storage. The transparent membrane creates a greenhouse effect within the chamber defined by the membrane, increasing the operating temperature and thus the conversion efficiency of the solar collector element. Furthermore, the air supported membrane protects the solar collector unit from wind loading. Thus the unit can be lighter than otherwise might be the case and can be pivoted to have an optimum attitude as a function of the time of year. In addition, protection of the solar collector element from wind and rain means that a thin transparent plastic glazing can be and is used in the element.
摘要翻译：所公开的结构包括封闭太阳能收集器单元的空气支撑的透明膜。太阳能单元包括太阳能收集器元件和支撑并定位元件的两个成角度的壁。太阳能收集器元件接收和吸收太阳辐射并向循环流体提供热量。支撑壁从收集器元件向前和向外延伸并且具有反射面对表面以增加落在元件上的辐射量。墙壁从元件的后方延伸以形成一个室，其中储存小岩石以提供储热。透明膜在由膜限定的室内产生温室效应，从而增加了太阳能收集器元件的工作温度和转换效率。此外，空气支撑的膜保护太阳能收集器单元免受风荷载。因此，该单元可以比其他情况更轻，并且可以枢转以具有作为一年中的时间的函数的最佳姿态。此外，太阳能收集器元件免受风雨的保护意味着可以在元件中使用薄的透明塑料玻璃。

42. 发明授权

US4147156A Solar energy collector having a convection current inhibiting member 失效
标题翻译：具有对流电流抑制构件的太阳能收集器
公开(公告)号：US4147156A
公开(公告)日：1979-04-03
申请号：US780441
申请日：1977-03-23
申请人： Thomas P. Hopper
发明人： Thomas P. Hopper
IPC分类号： F24J2/26 , F24J2/46 , F24J2/50 , F24J3/02
CPC分类号： F24J2/465 , F24J2/265 , F24J2/50 , F24J2/4618 , F24J2002/508 , F24J2002/5275 , Y02E10/44 , Y10S126/904
摘要： A solar energy collector housing having a transparent cover, and a solar energy absorbing panel in the housing beneath the cover, and including a transparent member having closed tubular air pockets positioned between the panel and the cover to inhibit convection currents therebetween.
摘要翻译：一种具有透明盖的太阳能收集器壳体，以及位于盖下方的壳体中的太阳能吸收板，并且包括位于面板和盖之间的封闭管状气囊的透明构件，以阻止它们之间的对流。

43. 发明授权

US4138992A Viscosity stabilized solar ponds 失效
标题翻译：粘度稳定的太阳能池塘
公开(公告)号：US4138992A
公开(公告)日：1979-02-13
申请号：US597469
申请日：1975-07-21
申请人： Lloyd H. Shaffer, deceased , by Dorothy B. Schaffer, executrix
发明人： Lloyd H. Shaffer, deceased , by Dorothy B. Schaffer, executrix
IPC分类号： F24J2/04 , F24J2/30 , F24J2/50 , F24J3/02
CPC分类号： F24J2/0461 , F24J2/30 , F24J2/50 , Y02E10/44
摘要： A solar pond for collecting solar energy preferably filled with a shallow layer of water over a blackened sunlight-absorbing surface which is in turn in contact with a heat-storage or heat exchanging medium. Convection in the solar pond is inhibited by raising the viscosity of the pond by adding gelling agents, for example, a polyethyleneoxide adduct of a hydrophobic residue. Convection is further inhibited by dividing the pond into cells such that the Rayleigh number of the fluid within the cell structure is less than the critical Rayleigh number at which convection may occur. The dividers may be translucent or transparent generally horizontal sheets or generally vertical sheets, forming matrices which are rectangular, hexagonal or triangular in horizontal cross-sections. Alternatively, the gelled fluid medium of the solar pond may be bagged in translucent elongated bags which when arranged in the pond have their shortest dimension less than that which will support convection. Formulas are given for computing the maximum permissible shortest dimension of the cells of the structures disclosed and a general formula is given for computing this dimension in any configuration. In one embodiment of the invention, the solar pond is merely made shallow enough and viscous enough that convection will not take place.
摘要翻译：用于收集太阳能的太阳能池，优选在浅色的阳光吸收表面上充满浅层水，该阳光吸收表面又与储热或热交换介质接触。通过添加胶凝剂例如疏水性残余物的聚环氧乙烷加成物来提高池塘的粘度来抑制太阳池中的对流。通过将池分成细胞进一步抑制对流，使得细胞结构内的流体的瑞利数小于可能发生对流的临界瑞利数。分隔件可以是半透明或透明的大体上水平的片材或大致垂直的片材，在水平横截面中形成矩形，六边形或三角形的矩阵。或者，太阳能池的凝胶流体介质可以装在半透明的细长袋中，当布置在池中时，其最小尺寸小于支撑对流的尺寸。给出公式用于计算公开的结构的单元的最大允许最短维度，并给出了在任何配置中计算该维度的通用公式。在本发明的一个实施例中，太阳能池只是足够浅，足够粘稠，不会发生对流。

44. 发明授权

US4138990A Fibrous wall material for cell structures of solar energy collectors 失效
标题翻译：太阳能收集器细胞结构纤维壁材料
公开(公告)号：US4138990A
公开(公告)日：1979-02-13
申请号：US778948
申请日：1977-03-18
申请人： Eckart Hussmann
发明人： Eckart Hussmann
IPC分类号： F24J2/50 , F24J3/02
CPC分类号： F24J2/50 , Y02E10/40
摘要： Fibrous wall materials that are substantially transparent to solar radiation and substantially impervious to long-wave radiation wherein the fibers are arranged in a parallel relationship are disclosed as being useful to form cell structures, in the form of a honeycomb. Heat losses from such solar energy collectors are substantially minimized.
摘要翻译：公开了对于太阳辐射基本上透明并且基本上不透过长波辐射的纤维壁材料，其中纤维以平行关系排列，可用于形成蜂窝形式的细胞结构。来自这种太阳能收集器的热损失基本上被最小化。

45. 发明授权

US4137899A Multistage solar energy concentrator 失效
标题翻译：多级太阳能集中器
公开(公告)号：US4137899A
公开(公告)日：1979-02-06
申请号：US812944
申请日：1977-07-05
申请人： Harold J. Weslow
发明人： Harold J. Weslow
IPC分类号： F24S10/70 , F24S23/30 , F24J3/02
CPC分类号： F24J2/50 , F24J2/08 , F24J2/268 , Y02E10/44
摘要： A plural stage solar radiation fluid heater comprises a housing having a top in which there is an array of lenses. Near the inside bottom of the housing, there is a first fluid conduit located at the foci of the lenses for absorbing primary solar radiation focused thereon. One or more additional conduits are interposed between the first conduit means and the lenses and are arranged to permit passage of the ray bundles from the lenses to the first conduit means. The arrangement is such that the intervening circuit means intercept secondary terminal radiation which is re-radiated from the next adjacent hotter conduit means.
摘要翻译：多级太阳辐射流体加热器包括具有其中存在透镜阵列的顶部的壳体。在壳体的内部底部附近，存在位于透镜焦点处的第一流体导管，用于吸收聚焦在其上的初级太阳辐射。一个或多个另外的管道插入在第一导管装置和透镜之间，并且被布置成允许光束从透镜通过到第一导管装置。该布置使得插入电路意味着截取从下一相邻的热导管装置重新辐射的次端辐射。

46. 发明授权

US4131706A Sunlight admitting heat impeding panel 失效
标题翻译：阳光进入热阻板
公开(公告)号：US4131706A
公开(公告)日：1978-12-26
申请号：US752982
申请日：1976-12-21
申请人： Ronald E. Graf
发明人： Ronald E. Graf
IPC分类号： C03B15/14 , C03B17/04 , C03B23/037 , C03B23/20 , F24J2/50 , B32B3/12 , B32B3/00
CPC分类号： C03B17/04 , C03B15/14 , C03B23/037 , C03B23/20 , F24J2/50 , Y02E10/40 , Y10T156/1003 , Y10T428/24149 , Y10T428/24174 , Y10T428/24661
摘要： A process with minor variations for producing a configuration of glass and/or any similar material such as plastic or epoxy is disclosed. The configuration is basically a honeycomb of pipes of transparent material attached to a transparent plate, such as window glass. The pipes are closed at one end by the plate. Then pipes prevent convection movement of a fluid parallel to the plate near its surface, except for very short distances. The unique inventive feature of the process lies in the fact that the honeycomb of pipes are produced simultaneously by a drawing process, during which either a part of a plate, which part is in the form of a grid, is softened, or a grid of new soft material is added to a plate, and the pipes are always attached to the plate both during formation and upon completion of formation.Also disclosed is a special configuration to render the pipes resistant to breakage under thermal stress. This special configuration for the honeycomb design can be applied equally well in other areas such as ceramic catalytic converters, heat exchangers, and thermoelectric air conditioners.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于生产玻璃和/或任何类似材料（例如塑料或环氧树脂）的配置的微小变化的方法。该构造基本上是透明材料的管状蜂窝体，其附接到诸如窗玻璃的透明板。管道在一端被板关闭。然后管道防止流体平行于其表面附近的流体的对流运动，但距离非常短。该方法的独特的发明特征在于，通过拉丝工艺同时制造管的蜂窝体，其中板的一部分是网格形式的一部分被软化，或者网格将新的软材料添加到板中，并且管道在形成期间和形成完成时总是附着在板上。

47. 发明授权

US4111186A Flat plate solar collector 失效
标题翻译：平板太阳能收集器
公开(公告)号：US4111186A
公开(公告)日：1978-09-05
申请号：US761808
申请日：1977-01-24
申请人： Donald K. Ross , Wallace A. Wright, Jr.
发明人： Donald K. Ross , Wallace A. Wright, Jr.
IPC分类号： F24S10/55 , F24J3/02
CPC分类号： F24J2/22 , F24J2/50 , Y02E10/44
摘要： A solar energy collector having lower and top plates in spaced-apart parallel relationship and being laterally joined to develop a chamber, fluid inlet means provided at the normally upper end of said chamber, fluid outlet means provided at the normally lower end of said chamber, said lower plate having high heat absorptivity, said upper plate having heat transmissivity for short wave energy, a multiplicity of insulators provided within said chamber developing a multiplicity of tortuous flow paths from one end of said collector to the other, and means interengaging the upper and lower plates and the intervening insulators along lines of demarcation coextensive with said collector for developing discrete flow channels.

48. 发明授权

US4091622A Combined day and night solar energy system 失效
标题翻译：日夜结合太阳能系统
公开(公告)号：US4091622A
公开(公告)日：1978-05-30
申请号：US745830
申请日：1976-11-29
申请人： Carlo M. Marchesi
发明人： Carlo M. Marchesi
IPC分类号： F03G6/06 , F24J2/24 , F24J2/50 , F24J2/54 , F28D20/00 , F03G7/02
CPC分类号： F24J2/5431 , F03G6/065 , F24J2/244 , F24J2/50 , F24J2/525 , F28D20/0056 , F28D2020/006 , Y02E10/44 , Y02E10/46 , Y02E10/47 , Y02E60/142 , Y02E70/30 , Y10S165/902
摘要： A solar heat wave energy system having a solar energy collector that collects energy from the sun to heat a boiler which in turn runs a steam turbine generator for generating electricity during the daytime. The system also has an assembly for generating electricity during the nighttime, which assembly includes a storage structure disposed between the solar collector and the boiler. This storage structure includes a plurality of separate storage stacks, each housed underground and including a plurality of heat conductive pipes interdigitally arranged with a plurality of plates constructed from twice-baked clay and arranged resting on a base formed from a similar clay as the plates. Solar energy is absorbed by the collector and transferred to the storage structure by means of suitable piping for storage in the twice-baked clay plates. When the stored heat is to be later used, as in the nighttime or on overcast days, a switching device uncouples the collector from the storage structure and couples the storage structure to the boiler.
摘要翻译：一种具有太阳能收集器的太阳能热能系统，其收集来自太阳的能量以加热锅炉，该锅炉又运行用于在白天发电的蒸汽轮机发电机。该系统还具有用于在夜间发电的组件，该组件包括设置在太阳能收集器和锅炉之间的存储结构。这种存储结构包括多个单独的存储堆叠，每个储存堆叠都容纳在地下，并且包括多个导热管道，多个导热管道与多个由两次烘烤的粘土构成的板构成排列，并且放置在由与板类似的粘土形成的基座上。太阳能被收集器吸收，并通过合适的管道转移到储存结构中，以储存在两次烘烤的粘土板中。当储存的热量稍后使用时，如在夜间或阴天中，开关装置将收集器与存储结构脱开并将存储结构耦合到锅炉。

49. 发明授权

US4024908A Solar powered heat reclamation air conditioning system 失效
标题翻译：太阳能热水回收空调系统
公开(公告)号：US4024908A
公开(公告)日：1977-05-24
申请号：US653345
申请日：1976-01-29
申请人： Milton Meckler
发明人： Milton Meckler
IPC分类号： F24F5/00 , F24S23/00 , F24S23/70 , F24D11/00
CPC分类号： F24J2/50 , F24F5/0046 , F24J2/06 , F24J2/10 , F24J2002/1014 , Y02B10/20 , Y02B10/24 , Y02E10/44 , Y10S126/91
摘要： This invention relates to the air conditioning of a building complex comprised of one or more zones, utilizing solar insolation and terrestrial re-radiation to a maximum extent and supplemented by external energy as may be required. The principle of thermodynamic availability is employed in a water source system advantageously storing heated and chilled fluid for subsequent heat exchange, and by the diversion of high heat range fluid through a Rankine cycle prime mover for motivation of vapor compression refrigeration or the generation of electrical power dependent upon the availability of solar energy and the demand of said refrigeration, whereby heat energy is claimed and reclaimed and made available to reduce the net energy requirements necessary to provide both heating and cooling of said building complex zones.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及由一个或多个区域构成的建筑物复合体的空调，利用太阳能日照和最大程度的地面再辐射，并且可能需要由外部能量补充。热源可用性的原理被用于有利地存储加热和冷却的流体用于随后的热交换的水源系统中，并且通过通过兰金循环原动机的高热范围流体的转移以促进蒸气压缩制冷或产生电力取决于太阳能的可用性和所述制冷的需求，由此要求和回收热能并使其可用以减少提供所述建筑物复合区域的加热和冷却所需的净能量需求。

50. 发明授权

US4010732A Multi-stage system for accumulation of heat from solar radiant energy 失效
标题翻译：用于从太阳辐射能积聚的多级系统
公开(公告)号：US4010732A
公开(公告)日：1977-03-08
申请号：US562196
申请日：1975-03-26
申请人： Shinji Sawata , Tatsuo Tani , Takashi Horigome
发明人： Shinji Sawata , Tatsuo Tani , Takashi Horigome
IPC分类号： F24J2/05 , F24J2/06 , F24J2/50 , F24J3/02
CPC分类号： F24J2/055 , F24J2/06 , F24J2/50 , Y02E10/44 , Y10S126/908
摘要： In the system for accumulation of heat from solar radiant energy wherein the solar radiant energy is absorbed by heat-absorption means and transferred therefrom to a heat-transfer medium thereby to elevate the temperature of said heat-transfer medium an improvement is attained by using a plurality of heat-absorption members and arranging them in a series connection. These heat-absorption members are individually provided with selectively penetrating membranes capable of reflecting electromagnetic wave energies of the specific magnitudes of heat corresponding to the respective degrees of temperature of the heat-transfer medium. Since the heat-transfer medium is thus divided into a few different stages, the system disclosed herein permits highly efficient accumulation of high-temperature heat energies.
摘要翻译：在太阳能辐射能积聚的系统中，太阳辐射能被吸热装置吸收并传递到传热介质上，从而提高所述传热介质的温度，通过使用多个吸热构件并将它们串联连接。这些吸热构件分别设置有能够反映与传热介质的各自的温度相对应的特定大小的热的电磁波能量的选择性穿透膜。由于传热介质因此被分成几个不同的阶段，因此本文公开的系统允许高效热量的高效积聚。

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