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41. 发明授权

US5504231A Process for preparing reduced calorie triglycerides which contain short or medium and long chain fatty acids but which contain low levels of difatty ketones 失效
标题翻译：用于制备含有短或中长链脂肪酸但含有低水平的不饱和酮的低热量甘油三酸酯的方法
公开(公告)号：US5504231A
公开(公告)日：1996-04-02
申请号：US307116
申请日：1994-09-16
申请人： Gerald J. Guskey
发明人： Gerald J. Guskey
IPC分类号： A23D9/007 , A23D9/013 , A23G3/34 , C11C3/02 , C11C3/06 , C11C3/08 , C11B3/02 , C11C3/10
CPC分类号： C11C3/08 , A23D9/007 , A23D9/013 , A23G3/346 , C11C3/02 , C11C3/06 , A23G2200/08 , Y10S426/804
摘要： The present invention relates to a process for preparing reduced calorie triglycerides which contain short or medium chain and long chain fatty acids, but which nevertheless contain low levels of difatty ketones. The process of the present invention comprises the step of adding glycerine to a crude reaction product after a selective esterification reaction of a monoglyceride with short or medium chain fatty acids fatty acids. The glycerin is typically added at a level of from about 0.1 to about 1.0% at a reaction temperature of from about 170.degree. C. to about 215.degree. C. The contact time is about 1 to about 15 minutes. The reduced calorie triglycerides prepared according to this process will contain less than about 100 ppm difatty ketones.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种制备含有短链或中链和长链脂肪酸但含有低含量的二甲基酮的低热量甘油三酸酯的方法。本发明的方法包括在甘油单酯与短链或中链脂肪酸脂肪酸的选择性酯化反应之后，向粗反应产物中加入甘油的步骤。在约170℃至约215℃的反应温度下，甘油通常以约0.1至约1.0％的量加入。接触时间为约1至约15分钟。根据该方法制备的降低热量的甘油三酸酯将含有少于约100ppm的二不饱和酮。

42. 发明授权

US5456939A Reduced calorie triglyceride mixtures 失效
标题翻译：减少热量甘油三酯混合物
公开(公告)号：US5456939A
公开(公告)日：1995-10-10
申请号：US175020
申请日：1993-12-29
申请人： Edward L. Wheeler , Ronald P. D'Amelia , Gilbert A. Leveille , Michael S. Otterburn , Lawrence P. Klemann , John W. Finley , Allan D. Roden , Michael M. Chrysam , Turiddu A. Pelloso , Peter S. Given, Jr.
发明人： Edward L. Wheeler , Ronald P. D'Amelia , Gilbert A. Leveille , Michael S. Otterburn , Lawrence P. Klemann , John W. Finley , Allan D. Roden , Michael M. Chrysam , Turiddu A. Pelloso , Peter S. Given, Jr.
IPC分类号： A21D2/16 , A23C11/04 , A23C19/055 , A23D7/00 , A23D7/015 , A23D7/02 , A23D9/00 , A23G1/00 , A23G1/36 , A23G1/38 , A23G3/34 , A23G9/32 , A23G9/52 , A23K1/18 , A23L1/19 , A23L1/30 , A23L1/36 , C07C69/30 , C11C3/04 , C11C3/08 , C11C3/10
CPC分类号： A23G1/36 , A21D2/165 , A23C11/04 , A23C19/055 , A23D7/001 , A23D7/003 , A23D7/015 , A23D7/02 , A23D9/00 , A23G1/38 , A23G3/343 , A23G3/346 , A23G9/327 , A23G9/52 , A23K50/42 , A23L25/20 , A23L33/115 , A23L33/12 , A23L9/22 , C07C69/30 , C11C3/04 , C11C3/08 , C11C3/10 , A23G2200/08 , Y10S426/804
摘要： Fat mixtures enriched with triglycerides having long, saturated, preferably C.sub.16 to C.sub.22, fatty acid residues and short, preferably C.sub.2 to C.sub.4, acid residues are employed in edible compositions as low calorie fats. The preferred embodiments comprise mixtures of at least two triglycerides bearing long residues (e.g. stearyl) and short residues (e.g. acetyl or propyl). In one preferred embodiment, each triglyceride contains short chain residues which are different from those in the other triglyceride. In another preferred embodiment, at least a portion of the triglycerides have two different short residues. Methods of using the low calorie fats and food products incorporating them, particularly in coating, shortening and margarine products, are disclosed.
摘要翻译：富含甘油三酸酯的脂肪混合物在食用组合物中用作低卡路里脂肪，其具有长的，饱和的，优选C16至C22的脂肪酸残基和短的，优选为C2至C4的酸残基。优选的实施方案包括具有长残基（例如硬脂基）和短残基（例如乙酰基或丙基）的至少两种甘油三酯的混合物。在一个优选的实施方案中，每个甘油三酸酯含有与其它甘油三酸酯不同的短链残基。在另一个优选的实施方案中，甘油三酯的至少一部分具有两个不同的短残基。公开了使用含有低热量脂肪和食品的方法，特别是在涂料，起酥油和人造黄油产品中。

43. 发明授权

US5451332A Estolides of hydroxy-containing triglycerides that contain a performance additive 失效
标题翻译：含有性能添加剂的含羟基甘油三酯的雌二醇酯
公开(公告)号：US5451332A
公开(公告)日：1995-09-19
申请号：US188263
申请日：1994-01-28
申请人： Saurabh S. Lawate
发明人： Saurabh S. Lawate
IPC分类号： C07C69/675 , C07C69/732 , C10M163/00 , C10M167/00 , C10M169/04 , C11C3/08 , C10M141/02
CPC分类号： C07C69/675 , C07C69/732 , C10M163/00 , C10M167/00 , C10M169/04 , C11C3/08 , C10M2205/00 , C10M2205/02 , C10M2205/026 , C10M2207/023 , C10M2207/026 , C10M2207/027 , C10M2207/287 , C10M2207/288 , C10M2207/289 , C10M2207/40 , C10M2207/401 , C10M2207/402 , C10M2207/404 , C10M2207/4045 , C10M2209/084 , C10M2209/086 , C10M2215/06 , C10M2215/064 , C10M2215/065 , C10M2215/066 , C10M2215/067 , C10M2215/068 , C10M2215/22 , C10M2215/221 , C10M2215/223 , C10M2215/225 , C10M2215/226 , C10M2215/30 , C10M2223/043 , C10M2223/045 , C10M2223/047
摘要： A composition comprising;(A) at least one triglyceride estolide of the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 is an aliphatic group or an aliphatic group containing an ester moiety R.sup.2 COO-- with the proviso that at least one R.sup.1 is an aliphatic group containing the ester moiety, and contains from about 5 to about 23 carbon atoms, and R.sup.2 is a hydrocarbyl group containing from 1 to 100 carbon atoms and(B) at least one performance additive.
摘要翻译：一种组合物，其包含：（A）至少一种下式的甘油三酸酯内酯，其中R 1是脂族基团或含有酯部分R 2 COO的脂族基团，条件是至少一个R 1是含有酯部分的脂族基团，并且含有约5至约23个碳原子，并且R 2是含有1至100个碳原子的烃基和（B）至少一种性能添加剂。

44. 发明授权

US5380544A Production of fat mixtures enriched with triglycerides bearing short, medium and long residues 失效
标题翻译：富含富含短，中，长残留物的甘油三酯的脂肪混合物的生产
公开(公告)号：US5380544A
公开(公告)日：1995-01-10
申请号：US26894
申请日：1993-03-05
申请人： Lawrence P. Klemann , Allan D. Roden , Turiddu A. Pelloso , Gilbert L. Boldt
发明人： Lawrence P. Klemann , Allan D. Roden , Turiddu A. Pelloso , Gilbert L. Boldt
IPC分类号： A23D9/007 , A21D2/16 , A21D13/00 , A21D13/08 , A23C11/04 , A23C19/055 , A23D7/00 , A23D7/015 , A23D9/00 , A23G1/00 , A23G1/36 , A23G3/00 , A23G3/34 , A23G3/40 , A23G3/54 , A23G9/32 , A23G9/52 , A23K1/18 , A23L1/00 , A23L1/164 , A23L1/18 , A23L1/19 , A23L1/30 , A23L1/36 , C07C67/02 , C07C69/30 , C11B3/10 , C11B3/12 , C11B3/14 , C11C3/04 , C11C3/08 , C11C3/10
CPC分类号： A21D2/16 , A21D13/0016 , A21D13/0032 , A21D13/0041 , A21D2/165 , A23C11/04 , A23C19/055 , A23D7/001 , A23D7/003 , A23D7/015 , A23D9/00 , A23G1/36 , A23G3/343 , A23G3/346 , A23G3/40 , A23G3/54 , A23G3/545 , A23G9/327 , A23G9/52 , A23K50/42 , A23L25/20 , A23L33/115 , A23L33/12 , A23L7/122 , A23L7/191 , A23L9/22 , A23P20/11 , C07C67/02 , C07C69/30 , C11C3/04 , C11C3/08 , C11C3/10 , A23G2200/08
摘要： Fat mixtures containing at least about 24%, more preferably at least about 34%, triglycerides bearing short, medium, and long residues are prepared. Many embodiments contain at least about 50%, and some at least about 75% to 90%, of these triglycerides, and have an acyl carbon number of 26 to 36. Especially preferred short substituents are derived from acetic acid, butyric acid, and mixtures of these with each other and with propionic acid. Especially preferred medium substituents have at least about 90% of the residues derived from capric acid, caprylic acid, and mixtures of these. Especially preferred long substituents contain at least about 70%, and many have at least about 85%, stearic acid or behenic acid residues or mixtures of these. One embodiment has an acyl carbon number of 28 to 32 and the long residues are predominantly stearic acid residues. Another embodiment has an acyl carbon number of 32 to 36 and the long residues are predominantly behenic acid residues. These fats may be prepared by interesterifying a mixture of triglycerides bearing short residues and triglycerides bearing medium residues with triglycerides bearing long residues and steam deodorizing the product at relatively high temperatures. The steam deodorized product can be further enriched with triglyceride species bearing short, medium, and long residues using molecular distillation.
摘要翻译：制备含有至少约24％，更优选至少约34％的具有短，中和长残基的甘油三酯的脂肪混合物。许多实施方案含有这些甘油三酸酯的至少约50％和至少约75％至90％，并且酰基碳数为26至36.特别优选的短取代基衍生自乙酸，丁酸和混合物的这些与彼此和丙酸。特别优选的中等取代基具有至少约90％的来源于癸酸，辛酸和它们的混合物的残基。特别优选的长取代基含有至少约70％，并且许多具有至少约85％的硬脂酸或山萮酸残基或它们的混合物。一个实施方案的酰基碳数为28至32，长残基主要为硬脂酸残基。另一个实施方案具有32至36的酰基碳数，长残基主要是山嵛酸残基。这些脂肪可以通过将具有短残基的甘油三酯和带有中等残留物的甘油三酯与具有长残留物的甘油三酯和在相对高的温度下对产物进行蒸汽除臭的混合物来制备。使用分子蒸馏，蒸汽除臭产品可以进一步富含具有短，中和长残留物的甘油三酯物质。

45. 发明授权

US5288619A Enzymatic method for preparing transesterified oils 失效
标题翻译：酯交换油的制备方法
公开(公告)号：US5288619A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-22
申请号：US897255
申请日：1992-06-11
申请人： Peter H. Brown , Federico D. Carvallo , Robert C. Dinwoodie , Michael T. Dueber , David K. Hayashi , R. G. Krishnamurthy , Zohar M. Merchant , James J. Myrick , Richard S. Silver , Chrisanthus Thomas
发明人： Peter H. Brown , Federico D. Carvallo , Robert C. Dinwoodie , Michael T. Dueber , David K. Hayashi , R. G. Krishnamurthy , Zohar M. Merchant , James J. Myrick , Richard S. Silver , Chrisanthus Thomas
IPC分类号： A23D9/00 , C11C3/08 , C11C3/10 , C11C3/12 , C12P7/64 , A23D7/00 , C12P7/58
CPC分类号： C12P7/6454 , A23D9/00 , C11C3/08 , C11C3/10 , C11C3/12 , C12P7/6472 , Y02P20/544
摘要： An enzymatic transesterification method for preparing a margarine oil having both low trans- acid and low intermediate chain fatty acid content is disclosed. The method includes the steps of providing a transesterification reaction mixture containing a stearic acid source material and an edible liquid vegetable oil, transesterifying the stearic acid source material and the vegetable oil using a 1-, 3-positionally specific lipase, and then finally hydrogenating the fatty acid mixture to provide a recycle stearic acid source material for a recyclic reaction with the vegetable oil. Also described is a counter-current method for preparing a transesterified oil. The method includes the steps of providing a transesterification reaction zone containing a 1-, 3-positionally specific lipase, introducing a vegetable oil into the transesterification zone, introducing a stearic acid source material, conducting a supercritical gas or subcritical liquified gas counter-current fluid, carrying out a transesterification reaction of the triglyceride stream with the stearic acid or stearic acid monoester stream in the reaction zone, withdrawing a transesterified triglyceride margarine oil stream, withdrawing a counter-current fluid phase, hydrogenating the transesterified stearic acid or stearic acid monoester to provide a hydrogenated recycle stearic acid source material, and introducing the hydrogenated recycle stearic acid source material into the reaction zone.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于制备具有低转基因和低中链脂肪酸含量的人造黄油的酶促酯交换方法。该方法包括以下步骤：提供含有硬脂酸源材料和可食用液体植物油的酯交换反应混合物，使用1-，3-位特异性脂肪酶将硬脂酸源材料和植物油进行酯交换，然后最终将脂肪酸混合物以提供用于与植物油循环反应的循环硬脂酸源材料。还描述了制备酯交换油的逆流方法。该方法包括以下步骤：提供含有1-位3位特异性脂肪酶的酯交换反应区，将植物油引入酯交换区，引入硬脂酸源材料，导入超临界气体或亚临界液化气逆流流体在反应区域中进行甘油三酯物流与硬脂酸或硬脂酸单酯物流的酯交换反应，取出酯交换甘油三酯人造黄油油流，取出逆流流体相，将酯交换的硬脂酸或硬脂酸单酯氢化为提供氢化循环硬脂酸源材料，并将氢化的再循环硬脂酸源材料引入反应区。

46. 发明授权

US5258197A Reduced calorie triglyceride mixtures 失效
标题翻译：减少热量甘油三酯混合物
公开(公告)号：US5258197A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-02
申请号：US804140
申请日：1991-12-06
申请人： Edward L. Wheeler , Ronald P. D'Amelia , Gilbert A. Leveille , Michael S. Otterburn , Lawrence P. Klemann , John W. Finley , Allan D. Roden , Michael M. Chrysam , Turiddu A. Pelloso , Peter S. Given, Jr.
发明人： Edward L. Wheeler , Ronald P. D'Amelia , Gilbert A. Leveille , Michael S. Otterburn , Lawrence P. Klemann , John W. Finley , Allan D. Roden , Michael M. Chrysam , Turiddu A. Pelloso , Peter S. Given, Jr.
IPC分类号： A21D2/16 , A23C11/04 , A23C19/055 , A23D7/00 , A23D7/015 , A23D7/02 , A23D9/00 , A23G1/00 , A23G1/36 , A23G1/38 , A23G3/34 , A23G9/32 , A23G9/52 , A23K1/18 , A23L1/19 , A23L1/30 , A23L1/36 , C07C69/30 , C11C3/04 , C11C3/08 , C11C3/10
CPC分类号： A23G1/36 , A21D2/165 , A23C11/04 , A23C19/055 , A23D7/001 , A23D7/003 , A23D7/015 , A23D7/02 , A23D9/00 , A23G1/38 , A23G3/343 , A23G3/346 , A23G9/327 , A23G9/52 , A23K50/42 , A23L25/20 , A23L33/115 , A23L33/12 , A23L9/22 , C07C69/30 , C11C3/04 , C11C3/08 , C11C3/10 , A23G2200/08 , Y10S426/804
摘要： Fat mixtures enriched with triglycerides having long, saturated, preferably C.sub.16 to C.sub.22, fatty acid residues and short, preferably C.sub.2 to C.sub.4, acid residues are employed in edible compositions as low calorie fats The preferred embodiments comprise mixtures of at least two triglycerides bearing long residues (e.g. stearyl) and short residues (e.g. acetyl or propyl). In one preferred embodiment, each triglyceride contains short chain residues which are different from those in the other triglyceride. In another preferred embodiment, at least a portion of the triglycerides have two different short residues. Methods of using the low calorie fats and food products incorporating them, particularly in coating, shortening and margarine products, are disclosed.
摘要翻译：富含甘油三酯的脂肪混合物具有长，饱和，优选C16至C22脂肪酸残基和短的，优选C2至C4的酸残基，用于作为低热量脂肪的可食用组合物中。优选实施方案包括至少两种具有长残基的甘油三酯的混合物（如硬脂基）和短残基（如乙酰基或丙基）。在一个优选的实施方案中，每个甘油三酸酯含有与其它甘油三酸酯不同的短链残基。在另一个优选的实施方案中，甘油三酯的至少一部分具有两个不同的短残基。公开了使用含有低热量脂肪和食品的方法，特别是在涂料，起酥油和人造黄油产品中。

47. 发明授权

US5227403A Fats and oils having superior digestibility and absorptivity 失效
标题翻译：脂肪和油具有优异的消化率和吸收性
公开(公告)号：US5227403A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-13
申请号：US780460
申请日：1991-10-23
申请人： Akira Seto , Osamu Yamada
发明人： Akira Seto , Osamu Yamada
IPC分类号： C07C69/587 , C11C3/08 , C11C3/10
CPC分类号： C07C69/587 , C11C3/08 , C11C3/10
摘要： A nutrient comprising fats and oils having superior digestibility and absorptivity are provided, which fats and oils are comprised of at least one triglyceride having fatty acids of C.sub.8 to C.sub.14 at the 2-position of the triglyceride and identical unsaturated acids of C.sub.18 or higher at both the 1- and 3-positions thereof. Examples of the unsaturated fatty acids of C.sub.18 or higher are linolic acid, linolenic acid, arachidonic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, and docosahexaenoic acid.
摘要翻译：提供了包含具有优异的消化率和吸收性的脂肪和油的营养物质，其中脂肪和油由甘油三酯的2-位上具有C8-C14的脂肪酸和C18或更高的相同不饱和酸的两种甘油三酯其1位和3位。 C18或更高级的不饱和脂肪酸的实例是亚油酸，亚麻酸，花生四烯酸，二十碳五烯酸和二十二碳六烯酸。

48. 发明授权

US4874699A Reaction method for transesterifying fats and oils 失效
标题翻译：酯交换脂肪和油的反应方法
公开(公告)号：US4874699A
公开(公告)日：1989-10-17
申请号：US898513
申请日：1986-08-21
申请人： Shoji Maruzeni , Wataru Matsumoto , Nozomi Yasuda
发明人： Shoji Maruzeni , Wataru Matsumoto , Nozomi Yasuda
IPC分类号： C11C3/08 , C11C3/10 , C12P7/64
CPC分类号： C12P7/6454 , C11C3/08 , C11C3/10
摘要： A two-step reaction method for the transesterification of fats and oils, comprising hydrolyzing fats and oils to produce diglycerides by reacting said fats or oils with lipase; esterifying said digylcerides and to produce triglycerides by reacting said diglycerides with at least one fatty acid.
摘要翻译：一种用于脂肪和油的酯交换的两步反应方法，包括通过使所述油脂与脂肪酶反应来水解油脂以产生甘油二酯; 酯化所述二癸酸酯并通过使所述甘油二酯与至少一种脂肪酸反应产生甘油三酸酯。

49. 发明授权

US4004041A Production of liquid edible oil from palm oil or similar oils 失效
标题翻译：从棕榈油或类似油中生产液体食用油
公开(公告)号：US4004041A
公开(公告)日：1977-01-18
申请号：US612982
申请日：1975-09-12
申请人： Ladislav Koslowsky
发明人： Ladislav Koslowsky
IPC分类号： A23D9/013 , C11B7/00 , C11C3/08 , C11C3/10 , A23D5/00
CPC分类号： A23D9/013 , C11B7/00 , C11C3/08
摘要： Liquid edible oil is produced from palm oil or similar oils and fats. The fatty acid residues are redistributed between two batches of the starting oil by transesterification with (C.sub.1 -C.sub.3)-alkanol esters of fatty acids. One batch is reacted with unsaturated fatty acid esters (first transesterification) and is thereby enriched with unsaturated fatty acid radicals, while the other batch is reacted with saturated esters (second transesterification) and is thereby enriched with saturated fatty acid radicals. In both transesterifications a mixture of saturated and unsaturated fatty acid esters is obtained, which is fractionated by vacuum distillation. The saturated esters obtained from the first transesterification are fed into the second one and, conversely, the unsaturated esters obtained from the second transesterification are fed into the first one.
摘要翻译：液体食用油由棕榈油或类似的油和脂肪生产。通过脂肪酸的（C1-C3） - 烷醇酯的酯交换，脂肪酸残基在两批起始油之间重新分配。一批与不饱和脂肪酸酯反应（首先进行酯交换反应），从而富含不饱和脂肪酸基，而另一批与饱和酯反应（第二次酯交换），从而富集饱和脂肪酸基。在两种酯交换反应中，得到饱和和不饱和脂肪酸酯的混合物，通过真空蒸馏分馏。将由第一酯交换得到的饱和酯进料到第二酯交换反应中，反之，将从第二酯交换得到的不饱和酯进料到第一酯交换中。

50. 发明授权

US3720695A Water soluble lubricant 失效
标题翻译：水溶性润滑剂
公开(公告)号：US3720695A
公开(公告)日：1973-03-13
申请号：US3720695D
申请日：1971-06-17
申请人： PENNWALT CORP
发明人： MEISTERS I
IPC分类号： C07C69/34 , C08G63/66 , C10M169/00 , C11C3/04 , C11C3/08 , C11C3/10 , C10M1/26 , C11C3/00
CPC分类号： C11C3/08 , C10M3/00 , C10M2201/02 , C10M2207/281 , C10M2207/282 , C10M2207/283 , C10M2207/286 , C10M2207/30 , C10M2209/104 , C10M2209/105 , C10M2209/107 , C10M2209/11 , C10M2211/042 , C10M2211/06 , C10M2215/04 , C10M2215/26 , C10M2229/02 , C10M2229/05 , C10N2240/401 , C10N2240/402 , C10N2240/403 , C10N2240/404 , C10N2240/405 , C10N2240/406 , C10N2240/407 , C10N2240/408 , C10N2240/409 , C10N2250/02 , C10N2270/02 , C11C3/04
摘要： A water soluble composition comprising the product obtained by transesterifying a triglyceride (e.g. castor oil) with a polymeric alkylene oxide glycol until the reaction products are water-soluble and then esterifying the hydroxy compounds present with a carboxylic or dicarboxylic acid. These products are of value as lubricants in a wide variety of fields.
摘要翻译：一种水溶性组合物，其包含通过将甘油三酯（例如蓖麻油）与聚合的环氧烷二醇酯交换获得的产物，直到反应产物是水溶性的，然后酯化存在于羧酸或二羧酸的羟基化合物。这些产品在各种领域都具有重要的润滑油价值。

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