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41. 发明申请

US20120193231A1 DNA SEQUENCING USING MULTIPLE METAL LAYER STRUCTURE WITH ORGANIC COATINGS FORMING TRANSIENT BONDING TO DNA BASES 审中-公开
标题翻译：使用多种金属层结构的DNA序列与有机涂层形成瞬态结合到DNA基础
公开(公告)号：US20120193231A1
公开(公告)日：2012-08-02
申请号：US13359750
申请日：2012-01-27
申请人： Ali Afzali-Ardakani , Stefan Harrer , Binquan Luan , Glenn J. Martyna , Hongbo Peng , Stephen M. Rossnagel , Gustavo A. Stolovitzky , Philip S. Waggoner , George F. Walker
发明人： Ali Afzali-Ardakani , Stefan Harrer , Binquan Luan , Glenn J. Martyna , Hongbo Peng , Stephen M. Rossnagel , Gustavo A. Stolovitzky , Philip S. Waggoner , George F. Walker
IPC分类号： G01N27/447 , G01N27/453
CPC分类号： G01N33/48721 , C12Q1/6869 , C12Q2563/116 , C12Q2563/157 , C12Q2565/607 , C12Q2565/631
摘要： A nanodevice is provided. A reservoir is filled with an ionic fluid. A membrane separates the reservoir, and the membrane includes electrode layers separated by insulating layers in which the electrode layers have an organic coating. A nanopore is formed through the membrane, and the organic coating on the electrode layers forms transient bonds to a base of a molecule in the nanopore. When a first voltage is applied to the electrode layers a tunneling current is generated by the base in the nanopore, and the tunneling current travels through the transient bonds formed to the base to be measured as a current signature for distinguishing the base.
摘要翻译：提供了一个纳米设备。储存器充满离子流体。膜分离储存器，并且膜包括由绝缘层分离的电极层，其中电极层具有有机涂层。通过膜形成纳米孔，并且电极层上的有机涂层与纳米孔中分子的碱基形成瞬态键。当第一电压施加到电极层时，通过纳米孔中的基底产生隧道电流，并且隧道电流通过形成到待测量的基极的瞬态键作为用于区分基极的电流签名传播。

42. 发明申请

US20110312176A1 FORMING AN ELECTRODE HAVING REDUCED CORROSION AND WATER DECOMPOSITION ON SURFACE USING AN ORGANIC PROTECTIVE LAYER 失效
标题翻译：使用有机保护层形成具有降低的腐蚀和表面水分解的电极
公开(公告)号：US20110312176A1
公开(公告)日：2011-12-22
申请号：US12820543
申请日：2010-06-22
申请人： Ali Afzali-Ardakani , Shafaat Ahmed , Hariklia Deligianni , Dario L. Goldfarb , Stefan Harrer , Binquan Luan , Glenn J. Martyna , Hongbo Peng , Stanislav Polonsky , Stephen Rossnagel , Xiaoyan Shao , Gustavo A. Stolovitzky
发明人： Ali Afzali-Ardakani , Shafaat Ahmed , Hariklia Deligianni , Dario L. Goldfarb , Stefan Harrer , Binquan Luan , Glenn J. Martyna , Hongbo Peng , Stanislav Polonsky , Stephen Rossnagel , Xiaoyan Shao , Gustavo A. Stolovitzky
IPC分类号： H01L21/283 , H01L21/441 , C23C28/00 , C30B23/02 , C23C14/34 , B05D3/14 , B05D5/12 , B05D3/06
CPC分类号： B82Y10/00 , H01L21/76834 , H01L29/0665 , H01L51/0093 , H01L51/0504 , H01L51/102
摘要： Accordingly, the present invention provides a method of forming an electrode having reduced corrosion and water decomposition on a surface thereof. A substrate which has a conductive layer disposed thereon is provided and the conductive layer has an oxide layer with an exposed surface. The exposed surface of the oxide layer contacts a solution of an organic surface active compound in an organic solvent to form a protective layer of the organic surface active compound over the oxide layer. The protective layer has a thickness of from about 0.5 nm to about 5 nm and ranges therebetween depending on a chemical structure of the surface active compound.
摘要翻译：因此，本发明提供一种在其表面上形成具有降低的腐蚀和水分解的电极的方法。提供了具有设置在其上的导电层的衬底，并且导电层具有具有暴露表面的氧化物层。氧化物层的暴露表面接触有机表面活性化合物在有机溶剂中的溶液，以在氧化物层上形成有机表面活性化合物的保护层。根据表面活性化合物的化学结构，保护层的厚度为约0.5nm至约5nm，并且其范围。

43. 发明授权

US07860660B2 Characterization of phenotypes by gene expression patterns and classification of samples based thereon 失效
标题翻译：通过基因表达模式表征表型并基于样品的分类
公开(公告)号：US07860660B2
公开(公告)日：2010-12-28
申请号：US12574195
申请日：2009-10-06
申请人： Andrea Califano , Gustavo A. Stolovitzky , Yuhai Tu
发明人： Andrea Califano , Gustavo A. Stolovitzky , Yuhai Tu
IPC分类号： G06F19/00 , G06F17/18 , G01N31/00
CPC分类号： G06F19/24 , G06F19/20
摘要： Generally, the present invention applies a transformation to convert a probability distribution of gene expression signals in control samples to a uniform distribution. The uniform distribution allows better comparisons between expression levels for genes. The transformation is derived from gene expression signals of control data, and is applied to gene expression signals of phenotype data. The phenotype data can be represented in a matrix format. A number of gene expression patterns may be determined (in the form of submatrices) that will characterize the phenotype. The uniform distribution helps in this regard, as it allows better comparisons of patterns. The gene expression patterns can then be used to classify samples as belonging to the phenotype set. Preferably, a discriminant function is used to compare a sample with the gene expression patterns that characterize the phenotype. The discriminant function can determine a score that can be used to determine whether the sample belongs to the phenotype.
摘要翻译：通常，本发明应用将对照样品中的基因表达信号的概率分布转换为均匀分布的转化。均匀分布可以更好地比较基因的表达水平。转化源自对照数据的基因表达信号，并应用于表型数据的基因表达信号。表型数据可以以矩阵格式表示。可以确定将以表型为特征的许多基因表达模式（以子矩阵的形式）。统一分配在这方面有所帮助，因为它可以更好地比较模式。然后可以将基因表达模式用于将样品分类为属于表型集。优选地，使用判别函数将样品与表征表型的基因表达模式进行比较。判别函数可以确定可用于确定样本是否属于表型的分数。

44. 发明申请

US20100023273A1 Characterization of Phenotypes by Gene Expression Patterns and Classification of Samples Based Thereon 失效
标题翻译：通过基因表达模式表征表型和样本分类
公开(公告)号：US20100023273A1
公开(公告)日：2010-01-28
申请号：US12574195
申请日：2009-10-06
申请人： Andrea Califano , Gustavo A. Stolovitzky , Yuhai Tu
发明人： Andrea Califano , Gustavo A. Stolovitzky , Yuhai Tu
IPC分类号： G06F19/00
CPC分类号： G06F19/24 , G06F19/20
摘要： Generally, the present invention applies a transformation to convert a probability distribution of gene expression signals in control samples to a uniform distribution. The uniform distribution allows better comparisons between expression levels for genes. The transformation is derived from gene expression signals of control data, and is applied to gene expression signals of phenotype data. The phenotype data can be represented in a matrix format. A number of gene expression patterns may be determined (in the form of submatrices) that will characterize the phenotype. The uniform distribution helps in this regard, as it allows better comparisons of patterns. The gene expression patterns can then be used to classify samples as belonging to the phenotype set. Preferably, a discriminant function is used to compare a sample with the gene expression patterns that characterize the phenotype. The discriminant function can determine a score that can be used to determine whether the sample belongs to the phenotype.
摘要翻译：通常，本发明应用将对照样品中的基因表达信号的概率分布转换为均匀分布的转化。均匀分布可以更好地比较基因的表达水平。转化源自对照数据的基因表达信号，并应用于表型数据的基因表达信号。表型数据可以以矩阵格式表示。可以确定将以表型为特征的许多基因表达模式（以子矩阵的形式）。统一分配在这方面有所帮助，因为它可以更好地比较模式。然后可以将基因表达模式用于将样品分类为属于表型集。优选地，使用判别函数将样品与表征表型的基因表达模式进行比较。判别函数可以确定可用于确定样本是否属于表型的分数。

45. 发明授权

US06446011B1 Tandem repeat detection using pattern discovery 失效
标题翻译：使用模式发现进行串联重复检测
公开(公告)号：US06446011B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-03
申请号：US09528601
申请日：2000-03-20
申请人： Aris Floratos , Isidore Rigoutsos , Gustavo A. Stolovitzky
发明人： Aris Floratos , Isidore Rigoutsos , Gustavo A. Stolovitzky
IPC分类号： G01N3348
CPC分类号： G06F19/22 , G06F19/24 , Y10S707/99936
摘要： An algorithm which detects tandem repeats (TR) is provided. In an illustrative embodiment, a set of repeating units contained in an input sequence is identified, wherein each given repeating unit satisfies at least the following conditions: (a) a first measure of similarity between adjacent repeating units in the set is greater than a first user defined threshold, and (b) the given repeating unit includes at least one unit having a second measure of similarity with any other unit in the set that is a greater than a second user defined threshold. The method then provides for reporting positions in the input sequence that are covered by the set of repeating units.
摘要翻译：提供了一种检测串联重复（TR）的算法。在说明性实施例中，识别包含在输入序列中的一组重复单元，其中每个给定的重复单元至少满足以下条件：（a）该组中相邻重复单元之间的相似度的第一测量值大于第一用户定义的阈值，以及（b）所述给定的重复单元包括至少一个单元，所述至少一个单元具有与所述集合中的大于第二用户定义的阈值的任何其他单元的相似度的第二度量。该方法然后提供在输入序列中报告由该组重复单元覆盖的位置。

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