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31. 发明申请

US20110022045A1 Ablation electrodes with capacitive sensors for resolving magnitude and direction of forces imparted to a distal portion of a cardiac catheter 审中-公开
标题翻译：具有电容传感器的消融电极，用于分辨施加到心脏导管的远端部分的力的大小和方向
公开(公告)号：US20110022045A1
公开(公告)日：2011-01-27
申请号：US12893707
申请日：2010-09-29
申请人： Hong Cao , Riki Thao , Saurav Paul
发明人： Hong Cao , Riki Thao , Saurav Paul
IPC分类号： A61B18/14
CPC分类号： A61B18/1492 , A61B5/6852 , A61B5/6885 , A61B2090/065
摘要： A catheter assembly for assessing contact between the catheter assembly and tissue is disclosed. In an exemplary embodiment the assembly includes a catheter shaft and a trio of pressure sensitive capacitive members each of whose electrical resistance varies with a pressure vector applied to the catheter assembly. The assembly also includes at least one measurement terminal to permit the measurement of changes in the electrical characteristics of the pressure sensitive capacitive members. The assembly may optionally include a measurement device to measure resistance, impedance and/or other electrical characteristics. The assembly may utilize a reference electrode secured to the patient's tissue, which permits the measurement device to measure changes between the reference electrode and the at least one measurement terminal. Optionally, the assembly may include a conductive outer layer. Also disclosed are sensor assemblies, contact sensor, methods of contact sensing, and methods of manufacturing relating to the use of pressure sensitive capacitors.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于评估导管组件和组织之间的接触的导管组件。在示例性实施例中，组件包括导管轴和三个压敏电容构件，每个电阻构件的电阻随着施加到导管组件的压力矢量而变化。组件还包括至少一个测量端子，以允许测量压敏电容构件的电特性的变化。组件可以可选地包括测量电阻，阻抗和/或其他电特性的测量装置。组件可以利用固定到患者组织的参考电极，其允许测量装置测量参考电极和至少一个测量终端之间的变化。可选地，组件可以包括导电外层。还公开了传感器组件，接触传感器，接触感测方法以及与使用压敏电容器有关的制造方法。

32. 发明申请

US20090163916A1 Flexible Conductive Polymer Electrode and Method for Ablation 有权
标题翻译：柔性导电聚合物电极和消融方法
公开(公告)号：US20090163916A1
公开(公告)日：2009-06-25
申请号：US11963430
申请日：2007-12-21
申请人： Saurav Paul , Hong Cao , Chou Thao
发明人： Saurav Paul , Hong Cao , Chou Thao
IPC分类号： A61B18/14
CPC分类号： A61B18/1492 , A61B2018/00005 , A61B2018/00023 , A61B2018/00029 , A61B2018/00077 , A61B2018/00136 , A61B2018/00148 , A61B2018/00797 , A61B2018/00815 , A61B2018/00821
摘要： An electrode for ablation therapy includes a flexible conductive element for conducting electrical energy and a flexible conductive polymer member in electrically conductive contact with the conductive element. A catheter shaft may be coupled to the conductive element and/or the flexible conductive polymer member. The flexible conductive element may be formed as a helical coil, a mesh coating or wrap, or any other suitable form, and may surround (wholly or partially) a flexible electrically insulative, and optionally thermally conductive, member. A heat sink may be thermally coupled to at least one of the flexible conductive polymer member and the flexible electrically insulative member. The flexible electrically insulative member may include a passageway for coolant fluid to cool the electrode during ablation. The passageway may include at least one efflux hole to permit coolant fluid to flow from the passageway, or may define a closed loop.
摘要翻译：用于消融治疗的电极包括用于传导电能的柔性导电元件和与导电元件导电接触的柔性导电聚合物构件。导管轴可以联接到导电元件和/或柔性导电聚合物构件。柔性导电元件可以形成为螺旋线圈，网状涂层或包裹物或任何其它合适的形式，并且可以围绕（全部或部分地）柔性电绝缘和任选地导热的构件。散热器可以热耦合到柔性导电聚合物构件和柔性电绝缘构件中的至少一个。柔性电绝缘构件可以包括用于在消融期间冷却电极的冷却剂流体的通道。通道可以包括至少一个排出孔，以允许冷却剂流体从通道流出，或者可以限定闭环。

33. 发明申请

US20080161796A1 Design of ablation electrode with tactile sensor 审中-公开
标题翻译：消融电极与触觉传感器的设计
公开(公告)号：US20080161796A1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-03
申请号：US11647279
申请日：2006-12-29
申请人： Hong Cao , Chou Thao , Saurav Paul
发明人： Hong Cao , Chou Thao , Saurav Paul
IPC分类号： A61B18/18
CPC分类号： A61B18/1492 , A61B5/6852 , A61B5/6885 , A61B2090/065
摘要： A catheter assembly for assessing contact between the catheter assembly and tissue is disclosed. The assembly includes a catheter shaft and a pressure sensitive conductive composite member whose electrical resistance varies with pressure applied to the catheter assembly. The assembly also includes at least one measurement terminal to permit the measurement of changes in the electrical characteristics of the pressure sensitive conductive composite member. The assembly may optionally include a measurement device to measure resistance, impedance and/or other electrical characteristics. The assembly may utilize a reference electrode secured to the patient's tissue, which permits the measurement device to measure changes between the reference electrode and the at least one measurement terminal. Optionally, the assembly may include a conductive outer layer. Also disclosed are sensor assemblies, contact sensor, methods of contact sensing, and methods of manufacturing relating to the use of pressure sensitive conductive composites.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于评估导管组件和组织之间的接触的导管组件。组件包括导管轴和压力敏感的导电复合构件，其电阻随着施加到导管组件的压力而变化。组件还包括至少一个测量端子，以允许测量压敏导电复合构件的电特性的变化。组件可以可选地包括测量电阻，阻抗和/或其他电特性的测量装置。组件可以利用固定到患者组织的参考电极，其允许测量装置测量参考电极和至少一个测量终端之间的变化。可选地，组件可以包括导电外层。还公开了传感器组件，接触传感器，接触感测方法以及与使用压敏导电复合材料有关的制造方法。

34. 发明申请

US20080091192A1 Brush electrode and method for ablation 审中-公开
标题翻译：刷电极和消融方法
公开(公告)号：US20080091192A1
公开(公告)日：2008-04-17
申请号：US11953151
申请日：2007-12-10
申请人： Saurav Paul , Kedar Belhe , Hong Cao , Chou Thao
发明人： Saurav Paul , Kedar Belhe , Hong Cao , Chou Thao
IPC分类号： A61B18/14
CPC分类号： A61B18/1402 , A61B2018/143 , A61B2018/1472
摘要： A brush electrode and a method for using the brush electrode for tissue ablation are disclosed. The brush electrode comprises a plurality of flexible filaments or bristles for applying ablative energy (e.g., RF energy) to target tissue during the formation of spot or continuous linear lesions. Interstitial spaces are defined among the filaments of the brush electrode, and the interstitial spaces are adapted to direct conductive or nonconductive fluid, when present, toward the distal ends of the brush filaments. The brush electrode facilitates electrode-tissue contact in target tissue having flat or contoured surfaces. The flexible filaments may be selectively trimmed to give a desired tip configuration or a desired standoff distance between the tissue and the conductive filaments in the brush electrode. Also, the filaments may be grouped into clusters. A shielded-tip brush electrode, including a flexible boot, is also disclosed.
摘要翻译：公开了一种刷电极和使用刷电极进行组织消融的方法。刷电极包括多个柔性细丝或刷毛，用于在形成斑点或连续线性损伤期间向靶组织施加消融能量（例如RF能量）。间隙空间被限定在刷电极的细丝之间，并且间隙空间适于将导电或非导电流体（当存在时）引向刷丝的远端。刷电极促进具有平坦或轮廓表面的靶组织中的电极组织接触。可以选择性地修剪柔性细丝以给出组织和刷电极中的导电细丝之间的期望的尖端构型或期望的间隔距离。此外，丝可以分组成簇。还公开了一种包括柔性护罩的屏蔽尖刷电极。

35. 发明申请

US20070293856A1 Side-port sheath for catheter placement and translation 有权
公开(公告)号：US20070293856A1
公开(公告)日：2007-12-20
申请号：US11892817
申请日：2007-08-27
申请人： Saurav Paul , Kedar Belhe , Hong Cao , John Roop , Chou Thao
发明人： Saurav Paul , Kedar Belhe , Hong Cao , John Roop , Chou Thao
IPC分类号： A61B18/08
CPC分类号： A61B18/1492 , A61B5/042 , A61B2018/143 , A61B2018/1475 , A61B2018/1497
摘要： Side-port sheaths for catheter placement and translation are disclosed. The sheaths include a side-port opening through which a gliding catheter may be deployed during diagnosis or treatment of tissue. The side-port sheath may include a suspension ribbon used to deploy, or that aids in the deployment of, the embedded gliding catheter. The suspension ribbon may be slideably or fixably engaged with an outer surface of the sheath of the gliding catheter.

36. 发明申请

US20050267460A1 Ablation catheter with suspension system incorporating rigid and flexible components 失效
标题翻译：消融导管与悬挂系统结合刚性和柔性组件
公开(公告)号：US20050267460A1
公开(公告)日：2005-12-01
申请号：US10856544
申请日：2004-05-27
申请人： John Roop , Kedar Belhe , Hong Cao , Saurav Paul
发明人： John Roop , Kedar Belhe , Hong Cao , Saurav Paul
IPC分类号： A61B18/14
CPC分类号： A61B18/1492 , A61B2017/00867 , A61B2018/00351 , A61B2018/143 , C08L2201/12
摘要： A curved ablation catheter imparts ablative energy to target tissue, for example, along a trabecular slope, e.g., in the right atrium along the isthmus between the ostium of the inferior vena cava and the tricuspid valve. The catheter is formed with a preset curvature that, when deployed, both translates linearly and increases in radius to aid in the formation of spot or continuous linear lesions. A method of treating atrial flutter employs the curved ablation catheter.
摘要翻译：弯曲的消融导管向靶组织提供消融能量，例如沿着小梁斜面，例如沿着下腔静脉的口和三尖瓣之间的峡谷的右心房。导管形成有预设曲率，当展开时，两者均线性地平移并且半径增加以帮助形成斑点或连续的线性损伤。治疗心房扑动的方法采用弯曲消融导管。

37. 发明授权

US10555685B2 Method and apparatus for determining tissue morphology based on phase angle 有权
公开(公告)号：US10555685B2
公开(公告)日：2020-02-11
申请号：US13584368
申请日：2012-08-13
申请人： Hong Cao , Saurav Paul
发明人： Hong Cao , Saurav Paul
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , A61B5/053
摘要： A compensation circuit has a predetermined, known complex impedance and is located in a handle of a catheter or in a distal end of a cable that connects to the catheter. The compensation circuit is probed with a pilot signal produced by a compensation control. The compensation control measures the complex impedance, which is the combination of the circuit's known impedance as well as that of the cable and then determines the difference between the measured and the known complex impedances which represents that which is attributable to the cable, and is used to cancel out such cable-related contributions to complex impedance in other electrical connections in the same cable. In another aspect, an unknown tissue is identified as one of a plurality of possible tissue types such as regular myocardium, scar and fat based on the measured phase angle of the complex impedance of the unknown tissue.

38. 发明授权

US08255035B2 Coated hypodermic needle 有权
标题翻译：涂层皮下注射针
公开(公告)号：US08255035B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-28
申请号：US11967518
申请日：2007-12-31
申请人： Hong Cao , Saurav Paul , Chou Thao
发明人： Hong Cao , Saurav Paul , Chou Thao
IPC分类号： A61B5/042
CPC分类号： A61B17/3478 , A61B18/1477 , A61B2017/00247 , A61B2017/00256 , A61B2018/00392 , A61B2018/00839 , A61B2018/1425 , A61B2034/2051
摘要： A needle for a medical procedure includes a shaft with an inner surface, an outer surface, a proximal section, and a distal section. The distal section has a conductive tip configured to be a first electrode for voltage measurement. The needle further includes a first electrically insulative outer layer over a portion of the outer surface of the shaft. The conductive tip is adapted for insertion through tissue into, for example, a pericardial space of a patient. A system for determining the location of a needle during a medical procedure includes the needle and an anatomical mapping and localization system electrically coupled to the needle and adapted to measure voltage at the conductive tip. A system for determining tissue thickness during a medical procedure includes the needle, an anatomical mapping and localization system electrically coupled to the needle, and an electrocardiograph operatively coupled to the needle and adapted to monitor electrical activity at the conductive tip and at the second electrode. The needle may include a second electrode.
摘要翻译：用于医疗程序的针包括具有内表面的轴，外表面，近侧部分和远侧部分。远侧部分具有被配置为用于电压测量的第一电极的导电尖端。针还包括在轴的外表面的一部分上的第一电绝缘外层。导电尖端适于将组织插入到例如患者的心包空间中。用于在医疗过程中确定针的位置的系统包括针和解耦映射和定位系统，其电耦合到针并且适于测量导电尖端处的电压。用于在医疗过程中确定组织厚度的系统包括针，电耦合到针的解剖学映射和定位系统以及可操作地耦合到针并且适于监测导电尖端和第二电极处的电活动的心电图仪。针可以包括第二电极。

39. 发明授权

US08162935B2 Systems and methods for electrode contact assessment 有权
标题翻译：电极接触评估的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US08162935B2
公开(公告)日：2012-04-24
申请号：US12091151
申请日：2006-10-27
申请人： Saurav Paul , Troy T. Tegg , Chou Thao , Hong Cao , Harry Puryear , Fos Kuehn , Reed R. Heimbecher
发明人： Saurav Paul , Troy T. Tegg , Chou Thao , Hong Cao , Harry Puryear , Fos Kuehn , Reed R. Heimbecher
IPC分类号： A61B18/14 , A61B5/04
CPC分类号： A61B18/1492 , A61B5/6852 , A61B5/6885 , A61B2090/065
摘要： Systems and methods are disclosed for assessing electrode-tissue contact for tissue ablation. An exemplary electrode contact sensing system comprises an electrode 10 housed within a distal portion of a catheter shaft 14. At least one electro-mechanical sensor 20 is operatively associated with the electrode 10 within the catheter shaft 14. The at least one electro-mechanical sensor 20 is responsive to movement of the electrode 10 by generating electrical signals corresponding to the amount of movement. The system may also include an output device electrically connected to the at least one electro-mechanical sensor 20. The output device receives the electrical signals for assessing a level of contact between the electrode 10 and a tissue 12.
摘要翻译：公开了用于评估用于组织消融的电极组织接触的系统和方法。示例性的电极接触感测系统包括容纳在导管轴14的远端部分内的电极10.至少一个电 - 机械传感器20与导管轴14内的电极10可操作地相关联。至少一个电 - 机械传感器 20通过产生对应于移动量的电信号来响应于电极10的运动。该系统还可以包括电连接到至少一个机电传感器20的输出装置。输出装置接收用于评估电极10和组织12之间的接触程度的电信号。

40. 发明申请

US20100286690A1 Assessment of electrode coupling for tissue ablation 有权
公开(公告)号：US20100286690A1
公开(公告)日：2010-11-11
申请号：US12095685
申请日：2006-12-06
申请人： Saurav Paul , Hong Cao , Chou Thao
发明人： Saurav Paul , Hong Cao , Chou Thao
IPC分类号： A61B18/14
CPC分类号： A61N1/40 , A61B2018/00357 , A61B2018/00875
摘要： An electrode catheter and a method for assessing electrode-tissue contact and coupling are disclosed. An exemplary electrode catheter comprises an electrode adapted to apply electrical energy. A measurement circuit is adapted to measure impedance between the electrode and ground as the electrode approaches a target tissue. A processor determines a contact and coupling condition for the target tissue based at least in part on reactance of the impedance measured by the measurement circuit. In another exemplary embodiment, the electrode catheter determines the contact and coupling condition based at least in part on a phase angle of the impedance.

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