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21. 发明授权

US4599092A Process for the gasification of carbonaceous agglomerates in a fixed bed reactor 失效
标题翻译：在固定床反应器中碳质附聚物气化的方法
公开(公告)号：US4599092A
公开(公告)日：1986-07-08
申请号：US559725
申请日：1983-12-09
申请人： Michael Eichelsbacher , Rudolph Kohlen , Rainer Reimert , Carl Hafke , Wolfgang Schafer
发明人： Michael Eichelsbacher , Rudolph Kohlen , Rainer Reimert , Carl Hafke , Wolfgang Schafer
IPC分类号： C10J3/02 , C10J3/30
CPC分类号： C10J3/30 , C10J3/32 , C10J3/723 , C10J3/78 , C10J2200/36 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0956 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0976
摘要： A process for the gasification of carbonaceous agglomerates in a reactor at a pressure of the range of 5 to 150 bar. The agglomerates are fed into said reactor from a storage zone located above the reactor and form a fixed bed in the reactor, in which they slowly descend when gasified. At least two gasification agents selected from the group consisting of oxygen, air, steam and carbon dioxide are introduced into said reactor through the bottom and rise through said fixed bed. Solid ash or liquid slag is discharged below said fixed bed and a steam-containing product gas is tapped from the reactor above said fixed bed. In order to minimize or prevent the condensation of steam on the agglomerates in the storage zone, the invention provides for a controlled atmosphere almost entirely free of oxygen and steam which is introduced into the storage zone at a pressure approximately equal to the pressure of the product gas.
摘要翻译：在5至150巴的压力下在反应器中气化碳质团聚体的方法。将附聚物从位于反应器上方的储存区域进料到所述反应器中，并在反应器中形成固定床，当气化时它们缓慢下降。选自氧，空气，蒸汽和二氧化碳的至少两种气化剂通过底部引入所述反应器并且通过所述固定床上升。固体灰或液态炉渣在所述固定床下方排出，并且含有蒸汽的产物气体从所述固定床上方的反应器中抽出。为了最小化或防止蒸汽在储存区域中的附聚物上的冷凝，本发明提供几乎完全没有氧气和蒸汽的受控气氛，其在大约等于产品压力的压力下被引入储存区加油站。

22. 发明授权

US4400125A Method of and apparatus for charging ground hydrocarbonaceous material to a pressurized gasification system 失效
标题翻译：将地下含烃物质装入加压气化系统的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4400125A
公开(公告)日：1983-08-23
申请号：US272952
申请日：1981-06-12
申请人： Harbo P. Jensen
发明人： Harbo P. Jensen
IPC分类号： C10J3/30
CPC分类号： C10J3/30 , C10J3/50 , C10J3/78 , C10J2200/154 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0946
摘要： Method and apparatus for charging finely ground hydrocarbonaceous material (e.g. coal, shale, liquite, oil sand), to a gasification reactor by gravity and compressed gas is disclosed.In accordance with the invention, ground coal particles, for example, are supplied by gravity feed to a charge forming hopper and from the hopper to a charging cylinder. The charge is pressured with a volume of gas from 3 to 5 times the volume of the charge to form a cushion of gas above it. Pressure is then increased on the gas cushion, as by a piston in the cylinder, until the pressure in the cylinder exceeds the pressure in the reactor. Such pressure automatically activates a closure arrangement between the cylinder and reactor. The closure arrangement automatically recloses the reactor when pressure between the reactor and cylinder equalizes. Desirably, the closure arrangement is purged by steam prior to closing.
摘要翻译：公开了通过重力和压缩气体将精细研磨的含烃材料（例如煤，页岩，液化石油，油砂）装入气化反应器的方法和装置。根据本发明，例如通过重力进料将研磨的煤颗粒供应到成料料斗，并从料斗供给到加料缸。电荷被加压，其体积为电荷体积的3至5倍，以在其上方形成气垫。气缸上的压力随着气缸中的活塞而增加，直到气缸内的压力超过反应器内的压力。这种压力自动激活气缸和反应器之间的封闭装置。当反应器和气缸之间的压力相等时，闭合装置自动重新关闭反应器。理想地，关闭装置在关闭之前被蒸汽吹扫。

23. 发明授权

US4331448A Gasification reactor and feed apparatus 失效
标题翻译：气化反应器和进料装置
公开(公告)号：US4331448A
公开(公告)日：1982-05-25
申请号：US237101
申请日：1981-02-23
申请人： George M. Bretz
发明人： George M. Bretz
IPC分类号： C10J3/20 , C10J3/30
CPC分类号： C10J3/30 , C10J3/20 , C10J3/74 , C10J3/76 , C10J3/84 , C10J2200/154 , C10J2200/158 , C10J2300/093
摘要： The novel gasification reactor comprises a vertically oriented chamber with an upper pyrolysis section, a lower feed opening, and a primary combustion section. A lateral passage on each side and near the top of said primary combustion section each communicates with a separate secondary reaction chamber where a partially reacted feed is further reacted to form the product gas. In each passageway is a venturi nozzle or preferably a plurality of nozzles which accelerates the gas carrying entrained carbonaceous materials to produce a swirling curvilinear motion in the secondary reaction chambers.The reactor is fed by means of a plurality of hoppers and screw conveyors whereby the flow is regulated and positively fed both by gravity and the screw conveyors into rotary valve cavities in which counter rotating valves travel. The valves feed a piston which charges the reactor.
摘要翻译：新型气化反应器包括具有上部热解段，下部进料口和初级燃烧段的垂直取向的室。在所述主燃烧部分的每一侧和顶部附近的侧向通道各自与单独的次级反应室相连通，其中部分反应的进料进一步反应以形成产物气体。在每个通道中是文氏管喷嘴或优选地多个喷嘴，其加速携带夹带的碳质材料的气体，以在次级反应室中产生旋转的曲线运动。反应器通过多个料斗和螺旋输送机进料，由此通过重力和螺旋输送机将流量调节和积极地输送到反向旋转阀行进的旋转阀腔中。阀门为活塞提供充电反应器。

24. 发明授权

US4302143A Device for filling a container which is under pressure 失效
标题翻译：用于填充处于压力下的容器的装置
公开(公告)号：US4302143A
公开(公告)日：1981-11-24
申请号：US92736
申请日：1979-11-09
申请人： Albert Grimminger , Werner Wiedmann
发明人： Albert Grimminger , Werner Wiedmann
IPC分类号： C10J3/02 , B01J3/02 , C10J3/30
CPC分类号： C10J3/30 , B01J3/02 , C10J3/76 , C10J3/78 , C10J2200/09 , C10J2200/154
摘要： Apparatus for charging solids into a pressurized container having a tubular lock chamber thereon. The apparatus comprises a feed device for supplying solids to the inlet of the lock chamber and a housing mounted adjacent the lock chamber for movement towards and away therefrom; a displacer member is slidably mounted in the housing in axial alignment with the inlet of the lock chamber; a first seal is provided in the housing for sealingly engaging the displacer member, and a second seal is provided on one of the opposed surfaces of the lock chamber and housing. The first seal is axially located along the displacer member at a distance from the end of the housing which exceeds the stroke of the displacer member in its travel between its extended and retracted positions whereby the portion of the displacer member which penetrates into the lock chamber will not come into contact with the first seal.
摘要翻译：用于将固体装入其上具有管状锁定室的加压容器中的装置。该设备包括用于向固定室的入口提供固体的进料装置和邻近锁定室安装的用于朝向和远离其运动的壳体; 置换器构件与所述锁定室的入口轴向对准地可滑动地安装在所述壳体中; 第一密封件设置在壳体中以密封地接合置换器构件，并且第二密封件设置在锁定室和壳体的相对表面之一上。第一密封件沿着置换器构件轴向定位在与壳体的端部相距一定距离处，该位置超过位移器构件在其延伸位置和缩回位置之间的行程中的行程，从而穿透入锁定室的置换器构件的部分将不接触第一印章。

25. 发明授权

US4255161A Apparatus for introducing solid fuels into a pressure gasification reactor 失效
标题翻译：将固体燃料引入压力气化反应器的装置
公开(公告)号：US4255161A
公开(公告)日：1981-03-10
申请号：US92737
申请日：1979-11-09
申请人： Albert Grimminger , Jurgen Strecker , Werner Wiedmann , Peter Wenning
发明人： Albert Grimminger , Jurgen Strecker , Werner Wiedmann , Peter Wenning
IPC分类号： C10J3/02 , B01J3/02 , B65G33/08 , C10J3/30 , C10J3/50
CPC分类号： C10J3/30 , B01J3/02 , C10J3/503 , C10J3/506 , C10J3/78 , C10J2200/158 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/0976
摘要： Apparatus for introducing solid fuels into a pressure gasification reactor comprising at least one conveyor worm turnable in a housing for conveying finely divided fuel, optionally mixed with a binder, and compacting the fuel into a gas-tight plug which is discharged through a discharge opening leading to the pressure gasification reactor. The discharge opening is provided with a closure member and the housing has an outlet opening also provided with a closure member near the discharge opening. The outlet opening is open to the ambient atmosphere. The closure members of the discharge opening and the outlet opening are alternatively actuatable such that when one is open the other is closed.
摘要翻译：用于将固体燃料引入压力气化反应器的装置，包括至少一个在壳体中可转动的传送蜗杆，用于输送细分燃料，任选地与粘合剂混合，并将燃料压实成气密塞，其通过排气口排出到压力气化反应器。排出口设置有封闭构件，并且壳体具有在排放口附近设置有封闭构件的出口开口。出口开口通向大气环境。排出口和出口开口的封闭构件可交替地致动，使得当一个打开时，另一个是关闭的。

26. 发明授权

US4249855A Method for introducing solids into a solids upflow vessel 失效
标题翻译：将固体引入固体上流容器的方法
公开(公告)号：US4249855A
公开(公告)日：1981-02-10
申请号：US074817
申请日：1979-09-12
申请人： Roland O. Dhondt
发明人： Roland O. Dhondt
IPC分类号： B01J8/00 , C10B31/02 , C10G1/02 , C10J3/30 , B65G25/04 , C10B47/22
CPC分类号： B01J8/002 , C10B31/02 , C10G1/02 , C10J3/30 , C10J2200/154 , C10J2300/0946
摘要： A method for introducing particulate solids upwardly through a bottom solids inlet of a solids upflow vessel wherein after full extension of a piston to displace solids from a feed cylinder into the solids upflow vessel, the piston is partially retracted to "relax" the bed of solids in the solids upflow vessel. The bed relaxation step reduces the piston-to-solids pressure during the pumping stroke as well as substantially reducing the solids loading pressure on the device used to prevent backflow of solids from the upflow vessel during refilling of the feed cylinder.
摘要翻译：一种将颗粒固体向上引入通过固体上流式容器的底部固体入口的方法，其中在将活塞完全延伸以将固体从进料圆筒置换到固体上流容器中之后，活塞部分地缩回以“松弛”固体床在固体上流容器中。床弛豫步骤在泵送冲程期间降低活塞与固体的压力，并且基本上减少了装置上的固体装载压力，该装置用于在再填充进料筒期间防止固体从上流容器中回流。

27. 发明授权

US4209304A Coal gasification-method of feeding dry coal 失效
标题翻译：煤气化方法喂干煤
公开(公告)号：US4209304A
公开(公告)日：1980-06-24
申请号：US920939
申请日：1978-06-30
申请人： Richard V. Kessler , John T. Nolan, Jr.
发明人： Richard V. Kessler , John T. Nolan, Jr.
IPC分类号： C10J3/30 , C10J3/46 , C10J3/10
CPC分类号： C10J3/30 , C10J3/503 , C10J3/506 , C10J3/78 , C10J2300/0909 , C10J2300/093 , C10J2300/0959 , C10J2300/1807 , C10J2300/1884 , C10J2300/1892 , Y10S48/04
摘要： A method of feeding powdered coal to a high pressure reactor which is being used with a fluidized bed/entrained flow coal gasification process. It includes steps of feeding a moist powdered coal to an extruder, and extruding the mixture into a high pressure stream of gas. The extrudate is dispersed into the gas stream, and the stream of extrudate and gas carrier is dried. Then the dry extrudate is separated and fed into the reactor vessel.
摘要翻译：将粉煤供给到与流化床/夹带气煤气化过程一起使用的高压反应器的方法。它包括将湿粉煤送入挤出机的步骤，并将混合物挤压成高压气流。将挤出物分散到气流中，并将挤出物和气体载体流干燥。然后将干燥的挤出物分离并进料到反应器容器中。

28. 发明授权

US4166731A Process for the continuous introduction of fine-grained and dust-like solids into a pressurized reaction space 失效
标题翻译：将细粒和尘埃样固体连续引入加压反应空间的方法
公开(公告)号：US4166731A
公开(公告)日：1979-09-04
申请号：US840164
申请日：1977-10-06
申请人： Hermann Staege
发明人： Hermann Staege
IPC分类号： B01J3/02 , B01J8/00 , C10J3/30 , C10J3/50 , F17C7/02
CPC分类号： B01J3/02 , B01J8/0035 , C10J3/00 , C10J3/50 , C10J2300/1861
摘要： Fine-grained solids including dust-like solids are introduced into a reaction space which is under pressure such as used in the gasifying of coal is effected by mixing carbon dioxide in the form of dry ice with the solids after the solids have been precooled to a temperature of -80.degree. C., then bringing the formed mixture of solids and dry ice up to the pressure required for introduction into the reaction space, thereafter subjecting the dry ice to sublimation to separate it from the solids and subsequently, after pressure release and cooling to the desublimation comparative, reconverting the gaseous carbon dioxide into dry ice which then is circulated into the next run while the solids are passed into the reaction space.
摘要翻译：将包括尘埃状固体的细粒固体引入到反应空间中，反应空间中的压力例如用于气化煤的反应空间是通过在固体被预冷却之后将干冰形式的二氧化碳与固体混合而实现的温度为-80℃，然后将形成的固体和干冰的混合物加热至引入反应空间所需的压力，然后使干冰升华以将其与固体分离，随后在压力释放和冷却至均匀比较，将气态二氧化碳重新转化为干冰，然后将其循环进入下一次运行，同时固体进入反应空间。

29. 发明授权

US4153426A Synthetic gas production 失效
标题翻译：合成气生产
公开(公告)号：US4153426A
公开(公告)日：1979-05-08
申请号：US816360
申请日：1977-07-18
申请人： Reginald Wintrell
发明人： Reginald Wintrell
IPC分类号： C10J3/08 , C10J3/30 , C21B5/00 , C21B13/00
CPC分类号： C21B5/001 , C10J3/08 , C10J3/30 , C10J3/485 , C10J3/506 , C10J3/66 , C10K1/08 , C10K1/101 , C21B13/0073 , C21B5/003 , C10J2200/156 , C10J2200/158 , Y02P10/136
摘要： Disclosed is a method and apparatus for producing synthetic gas by using a blast furnace as a gasifier. The furnace is charged in a conventional manner with particles of solid carbonaceous material such as normal, low grade or undersized coke together with slag-producing material, such as limestone, silica and/or basic oxygen furnace and/or open hearth furnace slag. Fluent fuel such as pulverized coal mixed with oxygen-containing gas and with lime if desired is injected into pre-ignition chambers near the hearth line of the furnace. The fluent fuel is ignited and partially gasified in the pre-ignition chambers, creating a hot reducing gas that enters the furnace raceway and passes upwardly into and through the body of charge material in the furnace stack. At the resulting high temperatures ash from the fluent fuel liguifies within the system to provide a liquid slag. Under a controlled high temperature reducing atmosphere, the liquid lime removes essentially all sulfur from the product gas. To reduce the high gas temperature, steam is injected above the pre-ignition chambers. The steam reacts with the hot solid carbonaceous material in the stack to disassociate and enrich the product gas with additional hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Liquid carbonaceous material such as oil, tar, or the like is injected into the furnace stack above the location at which steam is injected and is cracked by the sensible heat of the gas passing through the body of charge material in the furnace, thus further cooling the gas and enriching its calorific value.The resulting product gas can be used in place of natural gas for heating purposes in steel making operations, as a gas in the production of chemicals, as a reducing gas for the metals industries, for general heating purposes, as well as for other purposes.
摘要翻译：公开了通过使用高炉作为气化器来生产合成气体的方法和装置。以常规方式将炉子与诸如石灰石，二氧化硅和/或碱性氧气炉和/或敞开式炉渣之类的生渣材料一起固定在固体碳质材料如正常，低等级或过小的焦炭上。流化燃料如与含氧气体混合的粉煤和如果需要的石灰被注入到靠近炉膛线的预燃烧室中。流动燃料被点燃并部分地在预燃烧室中气化，产生进入炉道的热还原气体，并向上进入并通过炉膛中的充电材料体。在所得到的高温下，来自流体燃料的灰分在系统内馏分以提供液体渣。在受控的高温降温气氛下，液态石灰基本上从产物气体中除去所有的硫。为了降低高温气体，蒸汽在注射前的室内注入。蒸汽与堆叠中的热固体碳质材料反应，以用另外的氢气和一氧化碳分离和富集产物气体。将诸如油，焦油等的液体碳质材料注入到蒸汽注入位置上方的炉垛中，并通过炉中的充电材料体的气体的显热而破裂，从而进一步冷却气体丰富其热值。

30. 发明授权

US4140228A Dry piston coal feeder 失效
标题翻译：干式活塞式给煤机
公开(公告)号：US4140228A
公开(公告)日：1979-02-20
申请号：US856368
申请日：1977-12-01
申请人： Thomas J. Hathaway , Harold S. Bell, Jr.
发明人： Thomas J. Hathaway , Harold S. Bell, Jr.
IPC分类号： C10J3/30
CPC分类号： C10J3/30 , C10J3/723 , C10J3/78 , C10J2200/154 , C10J2300/093
摘要： This invention provides a solids feeder for feeding dry coal to a pressurized gasifier at elevated temperatures substantially without losing gas from the gasifier by providing a lock having a double-acting piston that feeds the coals into the gasifier, traps the gas from escaping, and expels the trapped gas back into the gasifier.
摘要翻译：本发明提供了一种固体进料器，用于在高温下将干煤送入加压气化器，基本上不会从气化器中流失气体，方法是提供一种具有双作用活塞的锁，该双作用活塞将煤进入气化器，捕集气体逸出，被捕获的气体回到气化炉。

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