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21. 发明授权

US5773638A Gelation additive for hydraulic fracturing fluids 失效
$Gelation additive for hydraulic fracturing fluids$
标题翻译：水力压裂液凝胶添加剂
公开(公告)号：US5773638A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-30
申请号：US858018
申请日：1997-05-16
申请人： Jeffrey C. Dawson , Hoang Van Le
发明人： Jeffrey C. Dawson , Hoang Van Le
IPC分类号： C07F7/00 , C09K8/68
CPC分类号： C09K8/685 , C07F7/006
摘要： A method of formulating an organo-zirconium compound is accomplished by combining in solution a dialdehyde such as glyoxal with zirconium carbonate. The reacting solution forms an organo-zirconium compound and carbon dioxide which is evolved as a gas from the solution. This eliminates the need to filter or wash the organo-zirconium compound in order to remove undesirable by-products. The organo-zirconium compound can be used as a crosslinking agent for crosslinking aqueous polymer gels used in fracturing fluids for fracturing subterranean formations of oil and gas wells.
摘要翻译：配制有机锆化合物的方法是通过在二醛例如乙二醛与碳酸锆的溶液中混合来实现的。反应溶液形成有机锆化合物和作为气体从溶液中放出的二氧化碳。这样就不需要过滤或洗涤有机锆化合物，以便去除不希望的副产物。有机锆化合物可用作交联剂用于交联用于压裂液体的水性聚合物凝胶，用于压裂油气井的地层。

22. 发明授权

US5735349A Compositions and methods for modifying the permeability of subterranean formations 失效
标题翻译：用于改变地下地层渗透性的组合物和方法
公开(公告)号：US5735349A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-07
申请号：US689969
申请日：1996-08-16
申请人： Jeffrey C. Dawson , Hoang Le , Subramanian Kesavan
发明人： Jeffrey C. Dawson , Hoang Le , Subramanian Kesavan
IPC分类号： C09K8/512 , E21B33/138
CPC分类号： C09K8/512
摘要： Compositions and methods for modifying the permeability of subterranean formations are shown. The compositions and methods generally comprise forming a dispersion of water swellable crosslinked polymer particles, adding the dispersion to a carrier fluid to form a treatment fluid, and injecting the treatment fluid into the subterranean formation. The particles are made by polymer emulsion or microemulsion processes, resulting in particles that are much smaller in size than that of the formation pore strictures. Upon injection, the particles become trapped in the formation, and upon flowback of water, the particles swell in size and adsorb onto the formation, forming a film and restricting further fluid flow.
摘要翻译：示出了用于改变地下地层的渗透性的组合物和方法。组合物和方法通常包括形成水溶胀性交联聚合物颗粒的分散体，将分散体加入到载体流体中以形成处理流体，以及将处理流体注入地层中。颗粒由聚合物乳液或微乳液法制成，其尺寸小于地层孔隙狭缝的颗粒。在注射时，颗粒被捕获在地层中，并且在水回流时，颗粒的尺寸膨胀并吸附到地层上，形成膜并限制进一步的流体流动。

23. 发明授权

US5497830A Coated breaker for crosslinked acid 失效
标题翻译：涂层断路器用于交联酸
公开(公告)号：US5497830A
公开(公告)日：1996-03-12
申请号：US418332
申请日：1995-04-06
申请人： Joel L. Boles , Arthur S. Metcalf , Jeffrey C. Dawson
发明人： Joel L. Boles , Arthur S. Metcalf , Jeffrey C. Dawson
IPC分类号： C09K8/68 , C09K8/74 , E21B43/26 , E21B43/27
CPC分类号： C09K8/74 , C09K8/685 , Y10S507/921 , Y10S507/923
摘要： A particulate gel breaker for the controlled reduction in viscosity of aqueous acid compositions used in fracture acidizing of subterranean formations, such as in oil and gas wells, is formed for use with crosslinked polymer gels which are crosslinked with organometallic compounds, such as titanium or zirconium. The gel breaker is composed of particles containing complexing materials such as fluoride, phosphate, sulfate anions and multi-carboxylated compounds, which are capable of complexing with the organometallic crosslinking compounds of the gel. The particles are coated with a water insoluble wood resin coating which reduces the rate of release of the complexing materials of the particles so that the viscosity of the gel is reduced at a retarded rate. The gel can thus be introduced into the well at a sufficiently high viscosity for fracturing and to allow time for the acid to penetrate the formation before the acid is released.
摘要翻译：形成用于地下地层（例如油气井）的断裂酸化中使用的含水酸性组合物的粘度控制降低的颗粒状凝胶破碎机，用于与有机金属化合物如钛或锆交联的交联聚合物凝胶。凝胶断路器由能够与凝胶的有机金属交联化合物络合的含有络合材料如氟化物，磷酸盐，硫酸根阴离子和多羧基化合物的颗粒组成。颗粒涂覆有不溶于水的木质树脂涂层，其降低了颗粒的络合材料的释放速率，使得凝胶的粘度以延迟速率降低。因此，可以以足够高的粘度将凝胶引入孔中以进行压裂，并且在酸释放之前允许酸渗透到地层中的时间。

24. 发明授权

US5160643A Method for delaying the gellation of borated galactomannans with a delay additive such as glyoxal 失效
标题翻译：用延迟添加剂如乙二醛延迟硼酸化半乳甘露聚糖凝胶化的方法
公开(公告)号：US5160643A
公开(公告)日：1992-11-03
申请号：US801433
申请日：1991-12-02
申请人： Jeffrey C. Dawson
发明人： Jeffrey C. Dawson
IPC分类号： C08B37/00 , C09K8/68
CPC分类号： C09K8/685 , C08B37/0087 , Y10S507/902 , Y10S507/903 , Y10S507/922
摘要： A complexor and method of use are shown for providing controlled delay of the cross-linking reaction in an aqueous well fracturing fluid. A base fluid is first prepared by blending together an aqueous fluid and a hydratable polymer which is capable of gelling in the presence of borate ions. The complexor is prepared by mixing a cross-linking additive capable of furnishing borate ions in solution with a delay additive. The delay additive is effective, within a selected pH range, to chemically bond with both boric acid and the borate ions produced by the cross-linking additive to thereby limit the number of borate ions initially available in solution for subsequent cross-linking of the hydratable polysaccharide. The subsequent rate of cross-linking of the polysaccharide can be controlled by adjusting the pH of the complexor solution.
摘要翻译：显示了一种复合剂和使用方法，用于在含水井压裂液中提供交联反应的受控延迟。首先通过将含水流体和能够在硼酸根离子存在下凝胶化的可水合聚合物共混在一起来制备基础流体。通过将能够在溶液中提供硼酸根离子的交联添加剂与延迟添加剂混合来制备络合物。延迟添加剂在选定的pH范围内有效地与硼酸和由交联添加剂产生的硼酸根离子化学键合，从而限制最初在溶液中可获得的硼酸根离子的数量，用于后续的可水合交联剂的交联多糖。可以通过调节复合溶液的pH来控制多糖的随后的交联速率。

25. 发明授权

US4604218A Aqueous acid gels and use thereof 失效
标题翻译：水性酸凝胶及其用途
公开(公告)号：US4604218A
公开(公告)日：1986-08-05
申请号：US717210
申请日：1985-03-28
申请人： Jeffrey C. Dawson
发明人： Jeffrey C. Dawson
IPC分类号： C09K8/68 , C09K8/92 , E21B43/27
CPC分类号： C09K8/74 , C09K8/685 , C09K8/92 , Y10S507/903 , Y10S507/923
摘要： Copolymers of a predominant proportion of an alkyl allyl ammonium halide and a vinyl phosphonic acid, optionally with other copolymerizable vinylidene monomers, form aqueous acid gel compositions when added to the aqueous acid, along with a gelling agent selected from titanium or zirconium compounds, and gel destabilizing compounds containing fluoride, sulphate or phosphate anions, the apparent viscosity and time of stability of the acid gel composition being controlled by the addition of these ingredients. These acid gels are particularly effective as fracture-acidizing fluids in deep, hot oil or gas well stimulation.
摘要翻译：主要比例的烷基烯丙基卤化铵和乙烯基膦酸，任选与其他可共聚的亚乙烯基单体的共聚物，当加入到含水酸中时，与选自钛或锆化合物的胶凝剂和凝胶一起形成含水酸性凝胶组合物含有氟化物，硫酸盐或磷酸盐阴离子的不稳定化合物，通过加入这些成分来控制酸性凝胶组合物的表观粘度和稳定时间。这些酸性凝胶在深，热油或气井刺激中作为断裂酸化流体特别有效。

26. 发明申请

US20080179057A1 Well Treating Agents of Metallic Spheres and Methods of Using the Same 审中-公开
标题翻译：金属球的处理剂及其使用方法
公开(公告)号：US20080179057A1
公开(公告)日：2008-07-31
申请号：US12018050
申请日：2008-01-22
申请人： Jeffrey C. Dawson
发明人： Jeffrey C. Dawson
IPC分类号： E21B43/267
CPC分类号： C09K8/805
摘要： Hollow non-porous metallic spheres may be used in treatment of subterranean formations, including hydraulic fracturing and sand control methods, such as gravel packing. The spheres typically having a diameter ranging from about 4 mesh to about 100 mesh. When employed in deep water environments having high closure stresses, the spheres have a thicker wall and are characterized by the higher ASG, typically between 2.5 to about 4.0. The ASG of the spheres, when less harsh environments are encountered, is generally ultra lightweight (ULW) with an ASG less than or equal to 2.0. Fracture conductivity may be increased by the placement of the hollow non-porous metallic spheres as a partial monolayer.
摘要翻译：空心无孔金属球体可用于地下地层的处理，包括水力压裂和防砂方法，如砾石填料。球体通常具有约4目至约100目的直径。当在具有高闭合应力的深水环境中使用时，球体具有较厚的壁，并且其特征在于较高的ASG，通常在2.5至约4.0之间。当遇到较恶劣的环境时，球体的ASG通常是超轻量级（ULW），ASG小于或等于2.0。通过将中空非多孔金属球作为部分单层的放置可以增加断裂导电性。

27. 发明授权

US07012044B2 Oil and gas recovery from subterranean formations 失效
标题翻译：从地下层组成的油气回收
公开(公告)号：US07012044B2
公开(公告)日：2006-03-14
申请号：US10655907
申请日：2003-09-05
申请人： Jeffrey C. Dawson , Hoang Van Le , Subramanian Kesavan
发明人： Jeffrey C. Dawson , Hoang Van Le , Subramanian Kesavan
IPC分类号： E21B43/26 , C09K3/00
CPC分类号： C09K8/685 , Y10S507/903 , Y10S507/922
摘要： Methods are provided for fracturing subterranean formations using fluids having substantially reduced polymer loadings that have performance equivalent to conventional fluids. Reduced polymer loadings provide significant advantages such as reduced treatment costs and less damage to the fracture sand pack and surrounding subterranean formations.
摘要翻译：提供了使用具有与常规流体相当的性能具有显着降低的聚合物负载的流体来压裂地下地层的方法。降低的聚合物负荷提供了显着的优点，例如降低了处理成本，减少了对破碎砂堆和周围地层的破坏。

28. 发明授权

US06772838B2 Lightweight particulate materials and uses therefor 有权
标题翻译：轻质颗粒材料及其用途
公开(公告)号：US06772838B2
公开(公告)日：2004-08-10
申请号：US10113844
申请日：2002-04-01
申请人： Jeffrey C. Dawson , Allan R. Rickards
发明人： Jeffrey C. Dawson , Allan R. Rickards
IPC分类号： E21B4326
CPC分类号： C09K8/805 , C09K8/62 , C09K8/68 , C09K8/80 , E21B43/267 , Y10S507/924
摘要： Methods and compositions useful for sand control and/or hydraulic fracturing of subterranean formations that utilize relatively lightweight and/or substantially neutrally buoyant particles as particulate sand control or proppant material. Particles that may be employed include particulates of naturally-occurring materials that may be optionally strengthened or hardened by exposure to a modifying agent. Effectiveness of a modifying agent may be optionally enhanced by facilitating interaction between a modifying agent and one or more components present in a naturally occurring material by using enhancing agents and/or by using conditions that enhance interaction.
摘要翻译：用于对地下地层进行防砂和/或水力压裂的方法和组合物，其利用相对较轻和/或基本上中性的浮力颗粒作为颗粒砂控制剂或支撑剂材料。可以使用的颗粒包括天然存在的材料的颗粒，其可以通过暴露于改性剂而被任选地加强或硬化。可以通过使用增强剂和/或通过使用增强相互作用的条件促进改性剂与存在于天然存在的材料中的一种或多种组分之间的相互作用来任选增强改性剂的有效性。

29. 发明授权

US06387853B1 Derivatization of polymers and well treatments using the same 失效
标题翻译：聚合物的衍生和使用其的井处理
公开(公告)号：US06387853B1
公开(公告)日：2002-05-14
申请号：US09049610
申请日：1998-03-27
申请人： Jeffrey C. Dawson , Subramanian Kesavan , Hoang V. Le
发明人： Jeffrey C. Dawson , Subramanian Kesavan , Hoang V. Le
IPC分类号： C09K300
CPC分类号： C09K8/90 , C08B37/0096 , C09K8/08 , C09K8/32 , C09K8/52 , C09K8/64 , C09K8/685 , C09K8/74 , C09K8/887 , Y10S507/922
摘要： Polymers are derivatized and then may be introduced into a wellbore, such as in a hydraulic fracturing treatment. A polymer may be a guar powder that is mixed with a organic solvent and derivatized using a derivatizing agent, such as sodium chloroacetate. The polymer is typically derivatized in bulk prior to introduction into the wellbore. The derivatized polymer may be hydrated and/or crosslinked prior to introduction into the wellbore.
摘要翻译：聚合物被衍生化，然后可以引入井眼，例如在水力压裂处理中。聚合物可以是与有机溶剂混合并且使用衍生剂如氯乙酸钠衍生化的瓜尔胶粉末。在引入井眼之前，聚合物通常在体积中衍生化。在引入井筒之前，衍生的聚合物可以是水合和/或交联的。

30. 发明授权

US06169058A Compositions and methods for hydraulic fracturing 失效
$Compositions and methods for hydraulic fracturing$
标题翻译：水力压裂的组成和方法
公开(公告)号：US06169058A
公开(公告)日：2001-01-02
申请号：US08869388
申请日：1997-06-05
申请人： Hoang V. Le , Subramanian Kesavan , Jeffrey C. Dawson , David J. Mack , Scott G. Nelson
发明人： Hoang V. Le , Subramanian Kesavan , Jeffrey C. Dawson , David J. Mack , Scott G. Nelson
IPC分类号： C09K702
CPC分类号： C09K8/64 , C09K8/62 , C09K8/80 , Y10S507/903 , Y10S507/922 , Y10S507/924
摘要： A subterranean formation is treated by introducing a fracturing treatment composition comprising a polymer treatment fluid containing a dispersion of hydrophilic water swellable particles into the formation. The water swellable particles comprise synthetic polymers that are crosslinked so that they are water insoluble, but capable of swelling in the presence of relatively small amounts of water. When used with treatment fluids containing at least a small amount of water, the particles swell and reduce fluid loss to the formation during the treatment. When used during a hydraulic fracturing treatment of a hydrocarbon bearing formation, the particles may also reduce or eliminate water production following the fracturing treatment by restricting the extension of a fracture into water-bearing formations, and/or by restricting the flow of fluids from water-bearing areas.
摘要翻译：通过将包含含有亲水性水可溶胀颗粒分散体的聚合物处理流体的压裂处理组合物引入地层来处理地层。水可溶胀颗粒包括交联的合成聚合物，使得它们是水不溶性的，但在相对少量的水的存在下能够溶胀。当与含有至少少量水的处理流体一起使用时，颗粒在处理期间膨胀并减少对地层的流体损失。当在含烃地层的水力压裂处理中使用时，颗粒还可以通过将断裂延伸到含水地层中和/或通过限制流体从水中的流动来减少或消除压裂处理后的水产生 - 区域。

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