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21. 发明授权

US6166273A Processes for fluorinating aromatic ring compounds 失效
标题翻译：芳环化合物氟化方法
公开(公告)号：US6166273A
公开(公告)日：2000-12-26
申请号：US360958
申请日：1999-07-27
申请人： Munirpallam A. Subramanian
发明人： Munirpallam A. Subramanian
IPC分类号： C07B39/00 , C07C17/12 , C07C25/13 , C07C63/04 , C07C69/76 , C07C233/00 , C07C255/00
CPC分类号： C07B39/00 , C07C17/12 , C07C25/13
摘要： A process is provided for increasing the fluorine content of benzene or pyridine rings which are optionally substituted with from 1 to 3 inert substituents. The process involves (a) contacting the ring with a metal fluoride composition comprising cupric fluoride (CuF.sub.2) at a temperature above 250.degree. C. sufficient to transfer F from cupric fluoride to the optionally substituted ring, thereby chemically reducing the metal fluoride composition; (b) oxidizing the reduced metal fluoride composition from (a) in the presence of HF to regenerate a metal fluoride composition comprising cupric fluoride; and (c) employing regenerated metal fluoride composition of (b) in (a).
摘要翻译：提供一种提高苯或吡啶环的氟含量的方法，其中任选被1至3个惰性取代基取代。该方法包括（a）在高于250℃的温度下使环与包含氟化铜（CuF 2）的金属氟化物组合物接触，足以将F从氟化铜转移到任选取代的环，从而化学还原金属氟化物组合物; （b）在HF存在下使（a）的还原金属氟化物组合物氧化以再生包含氟化铜的金属氟化物组合物; 和（c）在（a）中使用（b）的再生金属氟化物组合物。

22. 发明授权

US5880315A Catalytic manufacture of vinyl fluoride 失效
标题翻译：催化制造氟乙烯
公开(公告)号：US5880315A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-09
申请号：US964445
申请日：1997-11-04
申请人： V.N. Mallikarjuna Rao , Munirpallam A. Subramanian
发明人： V.N. Mallikarjuna Rao , Munirpallam A. Subramanian
IPC分类号： B01J27/125 , B01J27/138 , C07C17/25 , C01C17/25
CPC分类号： B01J27/138 , B01J27/125 , C07C17/25 , Y02P20/582
摘要： A process for the manufacture of vinyl fluoride (i.e., CH.sub.2 .dbd.CHF, VF or 1141) from 1,1-difluoroethane (i.e., CH.sub.3 CHF.sub.2, F152a or HFC-152a) is disclosed which involves contacting the 1,1-difluoroethane at an elevated temperature (200.degree. C.-400.degree. C.) with a multiphase catalyst composition consisting essentially of (a) fluorides of at least one divalent metal selected from magnesium and zinc, and (b) fluorides of trivalent aluminum, in which phases of the divalent fluorides are homogeneously dispersed with phases of the trivalent fluorides.
摘要翻译：公开了从1,1-二氟乙烷（即CH 3 CHF 2，F 152α或HFC-152a）制备氟乙烯（即CH 2 = CHF，VF或1141）的方法，其涉及使1,1-二氟乙烷在升高的温度（200℃-400℃），其中多相催化剂组合物主要由（a）至少一种选自镁和锌的二价金属的氟化物和（b）三价铝的氟化物组成，其中，二价氟化物与三价氟化物的相均匀分散。

23. 发明授权

US5070070A High temperature superconducting memory storage device and cryotron 失效
标题翻译：高温超导存储器件和CRYOTRON
公开(公告)号：US5070070A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-03
申请号：US165683
申请日：1988-03-09
申请人： Thomas R. Askew , Richard B. Flippen , Munirpallam A. Subramanian
发明人： Thomas R. Askew , Richard B. Flippen , Munirpallam A. Subramanian
IPC分类号： G11C11/44 , H01L39/18
CPC分类号： H01L39/18 , G11C11/44 , H01L39/126 , Y10S505/701 , Y10S505/782
摘要： Binary memory storage devices and cryotrons utilizing superconducting crystals exhibiting an onset of superconductivity and a relatively weak flux exclusion at a temperature T1 and the onset of relatively strong flux exclusion at T2, where T1>T2>77K, are controlled by dc magnetic fields. The preferred superconducting crystals have the formula Bi.sub.2 Sr.sub.3-z Ca.sub.z Cu.sub.2 O.sub.8+w wherein z is from about 0.1 to about 0.9 and w is greater than zero but less than about 1.
摘要翻译：利用直流磁场控制T1和T2的相对较弱的通量排除的超导体的超导体和超低温电子束的二进制记忆存储器件和低温电子管，其中T1> T2> 77K。优选的超导晶体具有式Bi2Sr3-zCazCu2O8 + w，其中z为约0.1至约0.9且w大于零但小于约1。

24. 发明授权

US5036043A Process for making 90 K superconductors 失效
标题翻译：制造90 K超导体的工艺
公开(公告)号：US5036043A
公开(公告)日：1991-07-30
申请号：US529752
申请日：1990-05-24
申请人： Munirpallam A. Subramanian
发明人： Munirpallam A. Subramanian
IPC分类号： H01L39/24
CPC分类号： H01L39/2419 , Y10S505/739 , Y10S505/78
摘要： There is disclosed an improved process for preparing a superconducting composition having the formula MBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.x wherein M is selected from the group consisting of Y, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu; x is from about 6.5 to about 7.0; said composition having a superconducting transition essentially of mixing M.sub.2 O.sub.3, BaO.sub.2 and CuO in an atomic ratio of M:Ba:Cu of about 1:2:3 to obtain a powder mixture; heating the resulting mixture in an oxygen-containing atmosphere at a temperature from about 850.degree. C. to about 925.degree. C. for a time sufficient to form MBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.y, where y is from about 6.0 to about 6.4; and maintaining the MBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.y in an oxygen-containing atmosphere while cooling for a time sufficient to obtain the desired product.
摘要翻译：公开了一种制备具有式MBa2Cu3Ox的超导组合物的改进方法，其中M选自Y，Nd，Sm，Eu，Gd，Dy，Ho，Er，Tm，Yb和Lu; x为约6.5至约7.0; 所述组合物具有基本上将M:Ba:Cu原子比为1:2:3的M2O3，BaO2和CuO混合的超导转变，得到粉末混合物; 将所得混合物在约850℃至约925℃的含氧气氛中加热足够的时间以形成MBa2Cu3Oy，其中y为约6.0至约6.4; 并将MBa2Cu3Oy保持在含氧气氛中，同时冷却足以获得所需产物的时间。

25. 发明授权

US4983573A Process for making 90.degree. K. superconductors by impregnating cellulosic article with precursor solution 失效
标题翻译：通过用前体溶液浸渍纤维素制品制备90°K超导体的方法
公开(公告)号：US4983573A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-08
申请号：US323366
申请日：1989-03-13
申请人： John D. Bolt , Munirpallam A. Subramanian
发明人： John D. Bolt , Munirpallam A. Subramanian
IPC分类号： C01G3/00 , C04B35/45 , C04B35/636 , H01L39/24
CPC分类号： C04B35/6365 , C01G3/006 , C04B35/4508 , H01L39/2419 , C01P2002/72 , Y10S505/734 , Y10S505/737 , Y10S505/739 , Y10S505/74
摘要： There is disclosed an improved process for preparing a superconducting composition having the formula MBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.x wherein M is selected from the group consisting of Y, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tn, Yb and Lu; x is from about 6.5 to about 7.0; said composition having a superconducting transition temperature of about 90.degree. K.; said process consisting essentially of preparing a precursor solution, drying the solution to obtain a solid material, and heating and cooling the solid material under specified conditions to obtain the desired product. In another embodiment, a shaped superconducting MBa.sub.2 Cu.sub.3 O.sub.x article is prepared by impregnating an article of cellulose material with the precursor solution, drying the impregnated article, and heating and cooling the impregnated article under prescribed conditions to obtain the desired product.
摘要翻译：公开了一种制备具有式MBa2Cu3Ox的超导组合物的改进方法，其中M选自Y，Nd，Sm，Eu，Gd，Dy，Ho，Er，Tn，Yb和Lu; x为约6.5至约7.0; 所述组合物的超导转变温度为约90°K; 所述方法主要包括制备前体溶液，干燥溶液以获得固体材料，以及在特定条件下加热和冷却固体材料以获得所需产物。在另一个实施方案中，通过用前体溶液浸渍纤维素材料制品，干燥浸渍制品，并在规定条件下加热和冷却浸渍制品以制备所需产品，制备成形超导MBa2Cu3Ox制品。

26. 发明授权

US4929594A Superconducting composition Tl.sub.2 Ba.sub.2 CuO.sub.6+x and process for manufacture 失效
标题翻译：超导组合物Tl2Ba2CuO6 + xand制造工艺
公开(公告)号：US4929594A
公开(公告)日：1990-05-29
申请号：US167616
申请日：1988-03-14
申请人： Jagannatha Gopalakrishnan , Munirpallam A. Subramanian
发明人： Jagannatha Gopalakrishnan , Munirpallam A. Subramanian
IPC分类号： C04B35/00 , C01G1/00 , C01G15/00 , C04B35/45 , C30B11/00 , H01B12/00 , H01B13/00 , H01L39/12 , H01L39/24
CPC分类号： C30B29/225 , C04B35/4512 , C30B11/00 , H01L39/126 , H01L39/2419 , Y10S505/775 , Y10S505/783
摘要： Compositions containing a crystalline phase of the formula Tl.sub.2 Ba.sub.2 CuO.sub.6+x wherein x is from 0 to 0.5. Processes for manufacturing such compositions and for using them are disclosed.
摘要翻译：包含式Tl2Ba2CuO6 + x的结晶相的组合物，其中x为0至0.5。公开了制造这种组合物和使用它们的方法。

27. 发明授权

US07129383B2 Processes for the preparation of 2-chloro-1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane, hexafluoropropene and 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane 失效
标题翻译：制备2-氯-1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七氟丙烷，六氟丙烯和1,1,1,2,3,3,3-七氟丙烷的方法
公开(公告)号：US07129383B2
公开(公告)日：2006-10-31
申请号：US10523223
申请日：2003-08-21
申请人： Mario J. Nappa , Velliyur Nott Mallikarjuna Rao , H. David Rosenfeld , Sekhar Subramoney , Munirpallam A. Subramanian , Allen C. Sievert
发明人： Mario J. Nappa , Velliyur Nott Mallikarjuna Rao , H. David Rosenfeld , Sekhar Subramoney , Munirpallam A. Subramanian , Allen C. Sievert
IPC分类号： C07C17/00 , C07C17/266 , C07C17/10
CPC分类号： C07C19/08 , B01J23/26 , B01J23/866 , B01J35/002 , B01J37/0236 , B01J37/03 , B01J37/26 , C07C17/206 , C07C17/21 , C07C17/23 , C07C17/25 , C07C19/10 , C07C21/18
摘要： A process for the preparation of 2-chloro-1,1,1,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane is disclosed which involves (a) contacting a mixture comprising hydrogen fluoride, chlorine, and at least one starting material selected from the group consisting of halopropenes of the formula CX3CCI═CX2 and halopropanes of the formula the CX3CCIYCX3, wherein each X is independently F or Cl, and Y is H, Cl or F (provided that the number of X and Y which are F totals no more than six) with a chlorofluorination catalyst in a reaction zone to produce a product mixture comprising CF3CCIFCF3, HCI, HF. and underfluorinated halogenated hydrocarbon intermediates. The process is characterized by said chlorofluorination catalyst comprising at least one chromium-containing component selected from (i) a crystalline alpha-chromium oxide where at least 0.05 atom % of the chromium atoms in the alpha-chromium oxide lattice are replaced by nickel, trivalent cobalt or both nickel and trivalent cobalt, provided that no more than 2 atom % of the chromium atoms in the alpha-chromium oxide lattice are replaced by nickel and that the total amount of chromium atoms in the alpha-chromium oxide lattice that are replaced by nickel and trivalent cobalt is no more than 6 atom %, and (ii) a fluorinated crystalline oxide of (i). Also disclosed is a process for the manufacture of a mixture of HFC-227ea and hexafluoropropene by reacting a starting mixture comprising CFC-217ba and hydrogen in the vapor phase at an elevated temperature, optionally in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst. This process involves preparing the CFC-217ba by the process described above.
摘要翻译：公开了一种制备2-氯-1,1,1,3,3,3-七氟丙烷的方法，其涉及（a）使包含氟化氢，氯和至少一种起始原料的混合物接触，所述起始材料选自的式CX3CCI-CX2的卤代丙烯和式CX3CCIYCX3的卤代丙烷，其中每个X独立地为F或Cl，Y为H，Cl或F（条件是总计X不超过6的X和Y的数目）与反应区中的氯氟化催化剂反应以产生包含CF 3 CClF 3，HCl，HF的产物混合物。和不完全氟化的卤代烃中间体。该方法的特征在于所述氯氟化催化剂包含至少一种含铬组分，其选自（i）α-氧化铬晶格中至少0.05原子％的铬原子被镍取代的结晶α-氧化铬，三价钴或镍和三价钴，条件是α-铬氧化物晶格中不超过2原子％的铬原子被镍代替，并且α-氧化铬晶格中的铬原子的总量被镍和三价钴不超过6原子％，和（ii）（i）的氟化结晶氧化物。还公开了通过在升高的温度下，任选地在氢化催化剂存在下，使包含CFC-217ba和氢的起始混合物在气相中反应制备HFC-227ea和六氟丙烯的混合物的方法。该方法包括通过上述方法制备CFC-217ba。

28. 发明授权

US06759439B2 Fischer-tropsch processes and catalysts with promoters 失效
标题翻译：费 - 托法和助催化剂
公开(公告)号：US06759439B2
公开(公告)日：2004-07-06
申请号：US10308494
申请日：2002-12-03
申请人： Wenchun Chao , Kamel M. Makar , Leo E. Manzer , Munirpallam A. Subramanian
发明人： Wenchun Chao , Kamel M. Makar , Leo E. Manzer , Munirpallam A. Subramanian
IPC分类号： C07C2700
CPC分类号： C10G2/331 , B01J23/8896 , B01J27/12 , B01J27/125 , B01J27/128 , B01J37/0201 , C07C1/0435 , C07C1/044 , C07C1/0445 , C07C2521/02 , C07C2521/04 , C07C2523/34 , C07C2523/36 , C07C2523/46 , C07C2523/745 , C07C2523/75 , C07C2523/755 , C07C2523/889 , C07C2527/12 , C07C2527/125 , C07C2527/14 , C10G2/332
摘要： A process is disclosed for producing hydrocarbons. The process involves contacting a feed stream comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide with a catalyst in a reaction zone maintained at conversion-promoting conditions effective to produce an effluent stream comprising hydrocarbons. In accordance with this invention, the catalyst used in the process preferably includes at least cobalt, rhenium, and a promoter selected from the group including boron, phosphorus, potassium, manganese, and vanadium. The catalyst may also comprise a support material selected from the group including silica, titania, titania/alumina, zirconia, alumina, aluminum fluoride, and fluorided aluminas.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于生产烃的方法。该方法包括将包含氢气和一氧化碳的进料流与催化剂接触，所述反应区域保持在有效产生包含烃的流出物流的转化促进条件下。根据本发明，该方法中使用的催化剂优选至少包含钴，铼和选自硼，磷，钾，锰和钒的助催化剂。催化剂还可以包含选自包括二氧化硅，二氧化钛，二氧化钛/氧化铝，氧化锆，氧化铝，氟化铝和氟化氧化铝的载体材料。

29. 发明授权

US06727199B2 Sodium copper titanate compositions containing a rare earth, yttrium or bismuth 失效
标题翻译：含有稀土，钇或铋的钛酸钠组合物
公开(公告)号：US06727199B2
公开(公告)日：2004-04-27
申请号：US10262782
申请日：2002-10-02
申请人： Munirpallam A. Subramanian
发明人： Munirpallam A. Subramanian
IPC分类号： C04B35462
CPC分类号： C04B35/462 , C04B35/475 , C04B35/6262 , C04B2235/3201 , C04B2235/3224 , C04B2235/3225 , C04B2235/3227 , C04B2235/3234 , C04B2235/3281 , C04B2235/3298 , C04B2235/6562 , C04B2235/6565 , C04B2235/761 , C04B2235/762 , C04B2235/765 , C04B2235/768 , H01B3/12 , H01G4/1218 , H01P3/08 , H05K1/162
摘要： This invention provides compositions of the formula Na0.5M0.5Cu3Ti4O12 wherein M=La—Lu, Y, Bi or mixtures thereof. These compositions have high dielectric constant and low loss over a frequency range of from about 1 kHz to about 1 MHz.
摘要翻译：本发明提供式Na0.5M0.5Cu3Ti4O12的组合物，其中M = La-Lu，Y，Bi或其混合物。这些组合物在约1kHz至约1MHz的频率范围内具有高介电常数和低损耗。

30. 发明授权

US6087543A Fluorinated benzene manufacturing process 失效
标题翻译：氟化苯制造工艺
公开(公告)号：US6087543A
公开(公告)日：2000-07-11
申请号：US360977
申请日：1999-07-27
申请人： Munirpallam A. Subramanian
发明人： Munirpallam A. Subramanian
IPC分类号： C07C17/20
CPC分类号： C07C17/208
摘要： A process is disclosed for producing fluorinated benzene. The process involves (a) contacting chlorobenzene starting material with a metal fluoride composition of the formula (AgF)(MF.sub.2).sub.x (where M is Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn or a mixture thereof and x is a number between 0 and 1) at a temperature above 175.degree. C. sufficient to remove the chlorine substituent from the starting material and to transfer F from the metal fluoride composition to the starting material (thereby producing a reduced metal fluoride composition comprising a silver component of the formula AgF.sub.1-y where y is a number from 0.01 to 1); (b) oxidizing the reduced metal fluoride composition from (a) in the presence of HF to regenerate the metal fluoride mixture composition of the formula (AgF)(MF.sub.2).sub.x ; and (c) recycling regenerated metal fluoride composition of (b) to (a).
摘要翻译：公开了生产氟化苯的方法。该方法包括（a）使氯苯原料与式（AgF）（MF 2）x（其中M是Mn，Fe，Co，Ni，Cu，Zn或其混合物）的金属氟化物组合物接触，x是 0和1）在高于175℃的温度下，足以从原料中除去氯取代基并将F从金属氟化物组合物转移到原料（由此制备还原的金属氟化物组合物，其包含式 AgF1-y，其中y是0.01至1的数）; （b）在HF存在下使（a）的还原金属氟化物组合物氧化以再生式（AgF）（MF 2）x的金属氟化物混合物组合物; （c）回收（b）〜（a）的再生金属氟化物组合物。

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