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21. 发明授权

US5715809A Receiver for converting concentrated solar radiation 失效
标题翻译：用于转换集中太阳辐射的接收器
公开(公告)号：US5715809A
公开(公告)日：1998-02-10
申请号：US505347
申请日：1995-10-25
申请人： Manfred Schmitz-Goeb , Roland Graf
发明人： Manfred Schmitz-Goeb , Roland Graf
IPC分类号： F24S10/80 , F24S20/20 , F24J2/26
CPC分类号： F24J2/07 , F24J2/28 , Y02E10/41 , Y02E10/44
摘要： A high-temperature receiver for converting concentrated solar radiation has a channel with an inlet and an outlet. An areal air-permeable support element is connected to the inlet. An absorber structure for absorbing solar radiation is supported by the support element and is made of an air-permeable mat material. Air is transported as a cooling medium through the absorber structure in a flow direction identical to a direction in which the solar radiation hits the absorber structure. The mat material has a first density in an area where the solar radiation enters the absorber structure and a second density in an area where the absorber structure faces the support element. The first density is lower than the second density. The first density favors absorption of the solar radiation and the second density provides for a secure fastening of the absorber structure on the support element.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / DE94 / 00187 Sec。 371日期1995年10月25日第 102（e）日期1995年10月25日PCT 1994年2月23日PCT PCT。 WO94 / 19652 PCT公开号日期1994年9月1日用于转换集中式太阳辐射的高温接收器具有带入口和出口的通道。一个透气的透气支撑元件连接到入口。用于吸收太阳辐射的吸收器结构由支撑元件支撑并且由透气垫材料制成。空气作为冷却介质通过吸收器结构沿与太阳辐射击中吸收体结构的方向相同的流动方向输送。垫材料在太阳辐射进入吸收体结构的区域中具有第一密度，在吸收体结构面向支撑元件的区域中具有第二密度。第一密度低于第二密度。第一密度有利于太阳辐射的吸收，第二密度提供了吸收体结构在支撑元件上的牢固紧固。

22. 发明授权

US5597417A Method and apparatus for the percussive cleaning of objects 失效
标题翻译：用于冲击式清洁物体的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5597417A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-28
申请号：US318738
申请日：1994-10-06
申请人： Gustav Thones , Ulrich Rottlander
发明人： Gustav Thones , Ulrich Rottlander
IPC分类号： B08B7/02 , F28G7/00
CPC分类号： B08B7/02 , F28G7/00
摘要： With a method and apparatus for the percussive cleaning of objects disposed in a chamber that is under process pressure, whereby an elongated percussive element is held below and in contact with the object that is to be cleaned and percussive energy is applied to the percussive element via an accelerated elongated striker, it is provided for a more simple pressure balancing that at least during the acceleration of the striker, the two ends of the striker be maintained at the same pressure, which essentially corresponds to the pressure in the process chamber.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP94 / 00339 Sec。 371日期：1994年10月6日 102（e）日期1994年10月6日PCT 1994年2月7日PCT PCT。第WO94 / 18518号公报日期1994年8月18日利用用于对设置在处理压力下的室中的物体进行冲击清洁的方法和装置，由此将细长的冲击元件保持在待清洁物体的下方并与其进行接触并施加冲击能量通过加速的细长冲击器对冲击元件施加压力平衡，至少在撞击器的加速期间，冲击器的两端保持在相同的压力，这基本上对应于处理室。

23. 发明授权

US5038856A Arrangement for the protection of tube sections of platen-like heat-transfer surfaces disposed in a gas conduit against wear by gases laden with solid particles 失效
标题翻译：用于保护设置在气体导管中的压板状传热表面的管段的保护装置，以抵抗载有固体颗粒的气体的磨损
公开(公告)号：US5038856A
公开(公告)日：1991-08-13
申请号：US447220
申请日：1989-12-07
申请人： Gunter Keintzel , Ulrich Premel
发明人： Gunter Keintzel , Ulrich Premel
IPC分类号： F16L57/00 , F22B1/18 , F22B37/10 , F22B37/14 , F28F19/00
CPC分类号： F16L57/00 , F22B1/1876 , F22B37/107 , F22B37/143 , F28F19/00 , Y10S165/92
摘要： An arrangement for the protection of tube sections of platen-like heat-transfer surfaces disposed in a gas conduit against wear by gases laden with solid particles. A wear-protection element can be withdrawn from the gas conduit, in the direction of the lengthwise direction thereof, without the need to first loosen a fixed connection to the tube sections that are to be protected. The wear-protection element can be in the form of a rotatable deflector that protects the rounded end portions of tubes, or can be in the form of a solid section that protects linear tube sections.
摘要翻译：用于保护设置在气体导管中的台板状传热表面的管段的保护装置，以抵抗载有固体颗粒的气体的磨损。磨损保护元件可以沿着其长度方向从气体管道中取出，而不需要首先松开与待保护的管部分的固定连接。磨损保护元件可以是保护管的圆形端部的可旋转偏转器的形式，或者可以是保护线性管部分的实心部分的形式。

24. 发明授权

US4848248A Tuyere for the introduction of a reaction medium into a hot gas 失效
标题翻译： Tuyere将反应介质引入热气体中
公开(公告)号：US4848248A
公开(公告)日：1989-07-18
申请号：US147309
申请日：1988-01-22
申请人： Paul Keller
发明人： Paul Keller
IPC分类号： B01D53/56 , B01J4/00 , F23J15/00
CPC分类号： F23J15/003 , B01D53/56 , B01J4/001
摘要： The tuyere (3) is clamped in place with its inlet end by way of an integrally formed flange (4) in a flange connection (5) of a pipe adapter (6) attached to the wall (2) on the outside, and a pipe connection (7), the outlet end of this tuyere being freely extended through the wall (2) up into the chamber (1) traversed by the flow. The primary field of application is the use of the tuyere in the treatment of hot flue gas having a temperature of 700.degree. to 1100.degree. C. with a reducing agent for decreasing nitrogen oxides.
摘要翻译：风口（3）通过在外部连接到墙壁（2）的管接头（6）的法兰连接（5）中的整体形成的凸缘（4）夹紧在其入口端的位置，并且管道连接（7），该风口的出口端自由地延伸通过壁（2）进入通过流动的腔室（1）中。主要应用领域是使用风口处理温度为700〜1100℃的热烟气，还原剂用于还原氮氧化物。

25. 发明授权

US4841917A Radiation cooling unit for cooling dust-laden gases 失效
标题翻译：用于冷却含尘气体的辐射冷却单元
公开(公告)号：US4841917A
公开(公告)日：1989-06-27
申请号：US226125
申请日：1988-07-29
申请人： Ulrich Premel
发明人： Ulrich Premel
IPC分类号： C10J3/86 , F28G7/00
CPC分类号： C10J3/86 , F28G7/00 , C10J2300/1603
摘要： A radiation cooling unit for cooling dust-laden gas. At least one cylindrical radiation heat transfer surface is disposed in a tank adjacent to, and extending essentially along the length of, an inner wall of the tank. First knock-or impact-beating devices disposed externally of the tank act upon the cylindrical heat transfer surface through the wall of the tank. A plurality of essentially radially and axially extending, partition-like radiation heat transfer surfaces are disposed within a free space in the tank, and each comprise axially extending tubes and at least one header. Second knock- or impact-beating devices are disposed externally of the tank, extend through the cylindrical heat transfer surface, and act upon radially outwardly disposed edges of the partition-like heat transfer surfaces, with the length-to-width ratio of the latter being such that they are adapted to be accelerated and cleaned by the second knock- or impact-beating devices. The partition-like radiation heat transfer surfaces are preferably radially distributed about the periphery of the cooling unit.
摘要翻译：用于冷却含尘气体的辐射冷却单元。至少一个圆柱形辐射传热表面设置在与罐的内壁相邻并且基本沿长度方向延伸的罐的槽中。设置在罐外部的第一敲击或冲击击打装置通过罐的壁作用在圆柱形传热表面上。多个基本上径向和轴向延伸的分隔状辐射热传递表面设置在罐的自由空间内，并且每个包括轴向延伸的管和至少一个集管。第二敲击或冲击打击装置设置在罐的外部，延伸穿过圆柱形传热表面，并且作用在分隔式传热表面的径向向外设置的边缘上，其中后者的长宽比使得它们适于被第二敲击或冲击打击装置加速和清洁。隔板状辐射传热表面优选围绕冷却单元的周边径向分布。

26. 发明授权

US4755232A Method and apparatus for mechanically controlling the flame cutting and/or connection welding of workpieces 失效
标题翻译：用于机械地控制工件的火焰切割和/或连接焊接的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4755232A
公开(公告)日：1988-07-05
申请号：US825809
申请日：1986-02-04
申请人： Gustav Thones , Paul Roll
发明人： Gustav Thones , Paul Roll
IPC分类号： B23K9/127 , B23K7/00 , B23K9/032 , B23K9/12 , B23Q33/00 , B23K7/04 , B23K7/10
CPC分类号： B23K9/032 , B23K7/007 , B23Q33/00
摘要： A method and apparatus for mechanically controlling the flame cutting and/or connection welding of workpieces. The difficulty encountered during the mechanized burning of holes in vessels, containers or tanks and the welding of connecting members into these holes is that the cutting and welding apparatus need to be guided in such a way that not only do they not contact the surface of the vessel, container or tank, but they are also kept a fixed distance from this surface. Therefore, control of the cutting and/or welding process is effected in conformity with the actual dimensions of the workpiece that is being worked on. In particular, this control is undertaken in conformity with the circumferential line of the hole for a given connecting member, and also in conformity with the curved surface of the vessel, container or tank. The peripheral line of the connecting member is first sensed and is graphically or electromagnetically recorded. The subsequent control of the cutting and/or welding process is then effected by following this recorded line.
摘要翻译：一种用于机械地控制工件的火焰切割和/或连接焊接的方法和装置。在机械化燃烧容器，容器或罐中的孔时遇到的困难以及将连接构件焊接到这些孔中的困难在于，切割和焊接装置需要被引导，使得它们不仅不接触容器，容器或罐，但也保持与该表面固定的距离。因此，根据正在加工的工件的实际尺寸来实现切割和/或焊接工艺的控制。特别地，该控制是根据用于给定连接构件的孔的圆周线，并且还符合容器，容器或罐的弯曲表面进行的。首先感测连接构件的外围线，并进行图形或电磁记录。随后的切割和/或焊接过程的控制然后通过遵循该记录线进行。

27. 发明授权

US4739729A Coal-fired steam generator 失效
标题翻译：燃煤蒸汽发生器
公开(公告)号：US4739729A
公开(公告)日：1988-04-26
申请号：US927651
申请日：1986-11-05
申请人： Wulf Rettemeier , Horst Muller , Bernd Sudau
发明人： Wulf Rettemeier , Horst Muller , Bernd Sudau
IPC分类号： F22B31/00 , F22B33/18 , F22B37/40 , F22G7/14
CPC分类号： F22B33/18
摘要： A coal-fired steam generator that has a water-steam circulation and a low pressure-heat carrier-circulation which, via a heater that is disposed in the flue gas flow of the steam generator and that has at least one heat transfer surface, absorbs heat from the flue gas flow and conveys this heat to a process that utilizes heat, especially a gas turbine process in conjunction with a coal-combination unit having a steam turbine connected in the water-steam circulation. To optimize the position of the heater for the low pressure-heat carrier-circulation, especially a sodium circulation, there are provided at least two flue gas passes that are connected in parallel with a combustion chamber of the steam generator, whereby the flue gas flow coming from the combustion chamber is distributed to these flue gas passes, at least one of which is associated with a water-steam circulation, while the other is associated with the low pressure-heat carrier-circulation.
摘要翻译：一种具有水蒸汽循环和低压热载流子循环的燃煤蒸汽发生器，其经由设置在蒸汽发生器的烟道气中并具有至少一个传热表面的加热器吸收来自烟道气流的热量并且将该热量传递到利用热的过程，特别是与在水 - 水循环中连接有蒸汽轮机的煤组合单元结合的燃气轮机过程。为了优化用于低压 - 热载流子循环，特别是钠循环的加热器的位置，提供了至少两个与蒸汽发生器的燃烧室并联连接的烟气通道，由此烟道气流来自燃烧室的烟气分配到这些烟气通道中，其中至少一个与水蒸汽循环相关联，而另一个与低压 - 热载流子循环相关联。

28. 发明授权

US4732210A Column-type regenerative gas-gas heat exchanger with heat-transferring elements 失效
标题翻译：具有传热元件的柱式再生式气体 - 气体热交换器
公开(公告)号：US4732210A
公开(公告)日：1988-03-22
申请号：US882543
申请日：1986-07-07
申请人： Stanislaw Michalak , Bernd Hermanns
发明人： Stanislaw Michalak , Bernd Hermanns
IPC分类号： F28D13/00 , F28D19/02 , B01D51/10 , F28C3/16
CPC分类号： F28D13/00 , F28D19/02
摘要： A regenerative gas-gas heat exchanger having a column type of construction, and heat transferring elements which absorb heat in a hot gas flow, give off heat in a cold gas flow, and are cyclically conveyed from one of the gas flows to the other. The heat transferring elements form a fluidized bed during the operation; this fluidized bed, in relation to the gases which flow in an upward direction through the gas permeable column bottom, moves in a counter-cross flow over this column bottom.
摘要翻译：具有柱式结构的再生式气体 - 气体热交换器和在热气流中吸收热量的热传递元件在冷气流中发热，并且从气体流中的一个循环输送到另一个。传热元件在操作过程中形成流化床; 相对于沿向上方向流过透气柱底部的气体，该流化床在该塔底部的逆流中移动。

29. 发明授权

US4595048A Transfer of impact force onto heating or cooling surfaces, and device for effecting such transfer 失效
标题翻译：将冲击力传递到加热或冷却表面，以及用于实现这种转移的装置
公开(公告)号：US4595048A
公开(公告)日：1986-06-17
申请号：US653503
申请日：1984-09-21
申请人： Gerd Pollak , Gerd Rabe
发明人： Gerd Pollak , Gerd Rabe
IPC分类号： B08B7/02 , F28G7/00
CPC分类号： F28G7/00 , B08B7/02
摘要： The transfer of impact force from a mechanically, pneumatically, or hydraulically driven knock or impact-beating device, which is mounted externally of a container that receives dust-laden, hot, and/or contaminated gases, onto bearing or cooling surfaces which are installed within the container, and which are to be intermittently cleaned. The impact force is indirectly transferred via the container wall to a striker which is pressed against an inner wall of the container by a resilient power accumulator. Preferably, the striker has a mass equal to that of the knocking element of the knock or impact-beating device. Pursuant to one embodiment of a device for effecting transfer of the impact force, the striker disposed within the container is guided within a connector-like inlet of the container body. The cover part associated with the inlet has a central bore and, on that side thereof facing the interior of the container, has a projection which coaxially surrounds the bore. A diaphragm wall rests against the projection, and is peripherally connected via weld projections with the inlet or with the cover part. The striker is provided with an equalization channel which connects the two pressure chambers. Via a spring which engages shoulders of the inlet, the striker is pressed against the diaphragm wall.
摘要翻译：来自机械，气动或液压驱动的敲击或冲击打击装置的冲击力的传递，该装置安装在容纳灰尘，热和/或污染气体的容器的外部，安装在轴承或冷却表面上在容器内，并要间歇地清洁。冲击力通过容器壁间接转移到冲击器，冲击器通过弹性蓄能器压靠在容器的内壁上。优选地，撞击器的质量等于敲击或冲击打击装置的敲击元件的质量。根据用于实现冲击力传递的装置的一个实施例，设置在容器内的撞针在容器主体的连接器状入口内被引导。与入口相关联的盖部分具有中心孔，并且在其面向容器内部的一侧上具有同轴地围绕孔的突起。隔膜壁靠在突起上，并且通过焊接突起与入口或盖部分周边连接。冲击器设有连接两个压力室的均衡通道。通过与入口的肩部接合的弹簧，撞针被压靠在隔膜壁上。

30. 发明授权

US4565679A Method of regulating the amount of reducing agent added during catalytic reduction of NO.sub.x contained in flue gases 失效
标题翻译：调节烟气中所含NOx催化还原过程中还原剂添加量的方法
公开(公告)号：US4565679A
公开(公告)日：1986-01-21
申请号：US661892
申请日：1984-10-17
申请人： Stanislaw Michalak , Klaus-Dieter Weber , Jurgen Meier
发明人： Stanislaw Michalak , Klaus-Dieter Weber , Jurgen Meier
IPC分类号： B01D53/56 , B01D53/74 , B01D53/86 , B01J8/00 , C01B21/00 , C01G31/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/8696 , B01D53/8625
摘要： A method of regulating the amount of reducing agent added, especially NH.sub.3 in the case of the catalytic reduction of NO.sub.x of flue gases which originate from a combustion installation which is fired with fossil fuels. The adjustment value for the quantity to be added is determined in response to a prescribed reducing agent/NO.sub.x stoichiometry factor from the quantity of combustion air supplied to the combustion installation or from the exiting quantity of flue gas, and from the NO.sub.x concentration downstream ahead of the catalyzer. Regulation is effected by influencing the stoichiometry factor. The NO.sub.x concentration downstream after the catalyzer is returned to the regulation process as the primary correction value, and the reducing agent concentration downstream after the catalyzer, and the flue gas temperature ahead of the catalyzer, are returned to the regulation process as the secondary correction values. The set stoichiometry factor is influenced such that while maintaining the emission limit value as the desired value of the primary correction value, and while maintaining a reducing agent concentration downstream after the catalyzer below a prescribed fixed value in a range of from 50 to 3 ppm volume, preferably less than 10 ppm volume, the stoichiometry factor is regulated via the temperature-dependent activity curve of the catalyzer.
摘要翻译：在由化石燃料燃烧的燃烧装置产生的烟道气的NOx的催化还原的情况下，调节添加的还原剂的量，特别是NH 3的方法。根据规定的还原剂/ NOx化学计量因子，从供给到燃烧装置的燃烧空气量或排出的烟道气量，以及从NOx排放量的下游排出的NOx浓度来确定要添加量的调整值催化剂。调节是通过影响化学计量因子来实现的。催化剂下游的NOx浓度作为主要校正值返回到调节过程，并且在催化剂之后的下游的还原剂浓度和催化剂之前的烟道气温度作为二次校正值返回到调节过程。影响设定的化学计量因子，使得在将发射极限值保持为主要校正值的期望值的同时，并且在将催化剂下游的还原剂浓度保持在低于规定的固定值的范围内，范围为50至3ppm体积，优选小于10ppm体积，化学计量因子通过催化剂的温度依赖性活性曲线调节。

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