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11. 发明授权

US4190495A Modified microorganisms and method of preparing and using same 失效
公开(公告)号：US4190495A
公开(公告)日：1980-02-26
申请号：US727365
申请日：1976-09-27
申请人： Roy Curtiss, III
发明人： Roy Curtiss, III
IPC分类号： C02F3/34 , C12N1/20 , C12N15/00 , C12N15/09 , C12P1/00 , C12R1/19 , C12K1/02
CPC分类号： C12N15/00 , Y02W10/37 , Y10S435/849
摘要： Microorganisms have been developed which may be characterized as possessing substantially all of the following qualities or capabilities:(a) capable of having foreign genetic information introduced thereinto and recovered therefrom along with its expression with production of useful gene products;(b) the microorganism being dependent for growth and survival upon defined conditions;(c) the microorganism being incapable of establishment or growth or colonization and/or survival under conditions or in ecological niches that are considered to be natural and/or undesirable for said microorganism;(d) the microorganism being capable of causing genetic information incorporated therein to undergo degradation under conditions or ecological niches that are considered to be natural and/or undesirable for said microorganism;(e) the microorganism being capable of permitting cloning vectors incorporated therein to be dependent for their replication, maintenance and/or function on said microorganism;(f) the microorganism being substantially incapable of transmitting cloning vectors or recombinant DNA molecules incorporated therein to other organisms under conditions or ecological niches that are considered to be natural and/or undesirable for said microorganism;(g) the microorganism being capable of being monitored by suitable means and/or techniques without substantial alteration of said microorganism; and(h) the microorganism being susceptible of substantially minimal contamination with other organisms when recombinant DNA molecules are incorporated therein and being substantially incapable of contaminating other organisms when incorporated therein or consumed thereby when recombinant DNA molecules are incorporated in said microorganism.Examples of such microorganisms are Escherichia coli K-12 .chi.1776, Escherichia coli K-12 .chi.1972, Escherichia coli K-12 .chi.1976 and Escherichia coli K-12 .chi.2076. Additionally, techniques have been developed and employed for imparting special properties, e.g. genetic properties, to microorganisms which render the resulting microorganisms unique. Also, techniques have been developed for the handling of plasmid and/or bacteriophage cloning DNA vectors for eventual insertion into microorganisms for testing therein, such as the above-mentioned microorganisms, and techniques have been developed for the transformation of microorganisms, such as the above-identified microorganisms, for the introduction of recombinant DNA molecules thereinto. Also, techniques have been developed in connection with the development or production of the above-identified microorganisms which impart special genetically-linked properties thereto, which techniques are applicable to a large number and diversity of microorganisms, including not only bacteria but also yeast and other cellular material.

12. 发明授权

US4172764A Process for obtaining hybrid strains of yeasts 失效
标题翻译：获得杂种菌株的方法
公开(公告)号：US4172764A
公开(公告)日：1979-10-30
申请号：US834937
申请日：1977-09-20
申请人： Henri Heslot , Anne Provost , Philippe Fournier
发明人： Henri Heslot , Anne Provost , Philippe Fournier
IPC分类号： C12N1/16 , C12N1/26 , C12N15/04 , C12K1/02
CPC分类号： C12N1/16 , C12N1/26 , C12N15/04 , Y10S435/804 , Y10S435/924
摘要： The cell walls are removed from two distinct auxotropic mutant strains of yeast. The protoplasts thus obtained are fused and the cell walls regenerated. The strains obtained are cultured on a medium where the original auxotrophs cannot develop and the hybrid or recombinant strains are recovered. The strains obtained by the process are useful for preparing yeast proteins.
摘要翻译：细胞壁从酵母的两种不同的生长激素突变菌株中除去。将如此获得的原生质体融合并再生细胞壁。将获得的菌株在原始营养缺陷型不能发育的培养基上培养，并回收杂交或重组菌株。通过该方法获得的菌株可用于制备酵母蛋白质。

13. 发明授权

US4070243A Method for distinguishing subpopulations in a population of morphologically indistinguishable cells 失效
标题翻译：区分形态学上不可分辨细胞群体亚群的方法
公开(公告)号：US4070243A
公开(公告)日：1978-01-24
申请号：US718807
申请日：1976-08-30
申请人： Marius C. Teodorescu , Eugene P. Mayer , Sheldon Dray
发明人： Marius C. Teodorescu , Eugene P. Mayer , Sheldon Dray
IPC分类号： G01N33/50 , C12K1/02 , C12K9/00
CPC分类号： G01N33/5094
摘要： A method for identification of cell subpopulations in a population of cells which are morphologically alike, based on the ability of selected strains of bacteria to bind to the cell surface when they are brought in close contact.Selected strains of naturally occurring or artificially obtained bacteria of different species or genuses, having an affinity to bind to different subpopulations of a cell mixture, are brought into contact by centrifugation or the like with a mixture of cells such as leukocytes, the mixture is resuspended and the cells having bacteria attached are identified under the microscope. The method is useful particularly for the identification of B cells, several subpopulations of T cells, and the differentiation among leukemic cell populations.
摘要翻译：基于当所选菌株与细胞表面紧密接触时结合的能力，鉴定细胞群体中形态学相似的细胞亚群的方法。

14. 发明授权

US3616236A Production of rhizobium strains resistant to drying 失效
标题翻译：生产耐旱菌株耐干旱
公开(公告)号：US3616236A
公开(公告)日：1971-10-26
申请号：US3616236D
申请日：1968-06-24
申请人： ASTRA AB
发明人： DELIN PER STAFFAN
IPC分类号： C12N1/04 , C12N1/20 , C12N1/36 , C12K1/02
CPC分类号： C12N1/20 , C12N1/04 , C12N1/36 , Y10S435/878
摘要： The production of Rhizobium strains having good infecting and nitrogen-fixing characteristics by cultivating the strain, then subjecting it to drying whereby those strains which are sensitive to drying are destroyed and those strains which are resistant to drying survive. The surviving strains are then recultivated and subjected to at least one more drying treatment.

15. 发明授权

US3532603A Determination of bacteria 失效
标题翻译：细菌的测定
公开(公告)号：US3532603A
公开(公告)日：1970-10-06
申请号：US3532603D
申请日：1967-08-14
申请人： CASTROL LTD
发明人： FREAKE RONALD
IPC分类号： C12K1/02
CPC分类号： Y10S435/805

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