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11. 发明授权

US07467012B1 Respiration parameters controlled by heart rate 有权
标题翻译：呼吸参数由心率控制
公开(公告)号：US07467012B1
公开(公告)日：2008-12-16
申请号：US11166617
申请日：2005-06-24
申请人： Euljoon Park , Gene A. Bornzin , Mark W. Kroll
发明人： Euljoon Park , Gene A. Bornzin , Mark W. Kroll
IPC分类号： A61N1/05 , A61B5/08
CPC分类号： A61B5/0809 , A61B5/0205 , A61N1/056 , A61N1/3601 , A61N1/3611 , A61N1/36514 , A61N2001/0585
摘要： Heart rate information is used at least in part to obtain one or more parameters for inducing respiration. In various implementations, respiratory parameters, such as a target breathing rate or a target tidal volume may be delivered by an implantable device to a patient during periods of altered respiration, such as sleep apnea or exercise. A respiratory parameter may also be obtained from a physiological variable, a patient's physical activity level, or metabolic demands.
摘要翻译：心率信息至少部分地用于获得用于诱导呼吸的一个或多个参数。在各种实施方案中，诸如目标呼吸频率或目标潮气量之类的呼吸参数可以在改变呼吸的时段（例如睡眠呼吸暂停或运动）期间由可植入装置递送给患者。也可以从生理变量，患者的身体活动水平或代谢需求获得呼吸参数。

12. 发明授权

US07383080B1 System and method for emulating a surface EKG using internal cardiac signals sensed by an implantable medical device 有权
标题翻译：使用由可植入医疗装置感测到的内部心脏信号来模拟表面EKG的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07383080B1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-03
申请号：US10736111
申请日：2003-12-12
申请人： Jong Kil , Gene A. Bornzin , Peter Boileau , Euljoon Park
发明人： Jong Kil , Gene A. Bornzin , Peter Boileau , Euljoon Park
IPC分类号： A61B5/0402
CPC分类号： A61B5/04021
摘要： A surface electrocardiogram (EKG) is emulated using signals detected by the internal leads of an implanted device. In one example, the emulation is performed using a technique that concatenates portions of signals sensed using different electrodes, such as by combining far-field ventricular signals sensed in the atria with far-field atrial signals sensed in the ventricles or by combining near-field signals sensed in the atria with near-field signals sensed in the ventricles. In another example, the emulation is performed using a technique that selectively amplifies or attenuates portions of a single signal sensed using a single pair of electrodes, such as by attenuating near-field portions of an atrial unipolar signal relative to far-field portions of the same signal or by attenuating atrial portions of a cross-chamber signal relative to ventricular portions to the same signal. The surface EKG emulation may be performed by the implanted device itself or by an external programmer based on cardiac signals transmitted thereto.
摘要翻译：使用由植入装置的内部引线检测的信号来模拟表面心电图（EKG）。在一个示例中，使用将使用不同电极感测的信号的部分连接的技术来执行仿真，例如通过将在心房中感测的远场心室信号与在心室中感测到的远场心房信号组合，或者通过组合近场在心房中感测到的信号在心室感测到近场信号。在另一示例中，使用选择性地放大或衰减使用单个电极对感测的单个信号的部分的技术来执行仿真，例如通过衰减相对于该场的远场部分的心房单极信号的近场部分相同的信号或通过将相对于心室部分的交叉室信号的心房部分衰减到相同的信号。表面EKG仿真可以由植入装置本身或外部编程器基于发送到其上的心脏信号执行。

13. 发明授权

US07225023B1 System and method for modulating the pacing rate based on patient activity and position 有权
标题翻译：基于患者活动和位置调节起搏速率的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US07225023B1
公开(公告)日：2007-05-29
申请号：US10032793
申请日：2001-10-25
申请人： Euljoon Park , Gene A. Bornzin , Junyu Mai
发明人： Euljoon Park , Gene A. Bornzin , Junyu Mai
IPC分类号： A61N1/365
CPC分类号： A61N1/36542
摘要： A system and method are provided for compensating for the drop in blood pressure upon standing. Upon transition from prolonged sitting, lying down, or standing position, the pacemaker abruptly increasing its pacing rate upon postural transition. This pacing rate is triggered when a patient stands after a prolonged reclined or supine/prone position.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于补偿静置时血压下降的系统和方法。从长时间的坐姿，躺下或站姿转移时，起搏器在姿势转换时突然增加起搏速度。当患者在长时间倾斜或仰卧/俯卧位后立即触发起搏速率。

14. 发明授权

US07212862B2 Cardiac stimulation device including sleep apnea prevention and treatment 有权
标题翻译：心脏刺激装置包括睡眠呼吸暂停预防和治疗
公开(公告)号：US07212862B2
公开(公告)日：2007-05-01
申请号：US10247137
申请日：2002-09-18
申请人： Euljoon Park , Steve Koh , Gene A. Bornzin
发明人： Euljoon Park , Steve Koh , Gene A. Bornzin
IPC分类号： A61N1/365
CPC分类号： A61N1/36585 , A61N1/3601 , A61N1/36542 , A61N1/36557
摘要： An implantable cardiac stimulation device comprises a physiologic sensor and one or more pulse generators. The physiologic sensor is capable of sensing a physiologic parameter. The pulse generators can generate cardiac pacing pulses with a timing based on the physiologic parameter. The timed cardiac pacing pulses can prevent a sleep apnea condition. In one example, a cardiac stimulation device has a physiologic sensor and can be configured to pace a patient's heart according to a rest mode of operation. The cardiac stimulation device uses measurements from the physiologic sensor to prevent and treat sleep apnea using a revised rest mode of operation. The revised rest mode operates under a presumption that sleep apnea is primary to a reduced heart rate, rather than secondary, so that pacing at a rate higher than the natural cardiac rate during sleep will prevent sleep apnea.
摘要翻译：植入式心脏刺激装置包括生理传感器和一个或多个脉冲发生器。生理传感器能感测生理参数。脉冲发生器可以产生基于生理参数的定时的心脏起搏脉冲。定时的心脏起搏脉冲可以防止睡眠呼吸暂停状态。在一个示例中，心脏刺激装置具有生理传感器，并且可以被配置为根据休息的操作模式来对患者的心脏进行加速。心脏刺激装置使用来自生理传感器的测量来使用修改的休息模式来预防和治疗睡眠呼吸暂停。修改后的休息模式的作用是假设睡眠呼吸暂停是降低心率而不是继发性睡眠呼吸暂停的原因，因此在睡眠期间以高于自然心率的速率起搏将防止睡眠呼吸暂停。

15. 发明授权

US07149584B1 System and method for determining patient posture based on 3-D trajectory using an implantable medical device 失效
公开(公告)号：US07149584B1
公开(公告)日：2006-12-12
申请号：US10328642
申请日：2002-12-23
申请人： Steve Koh , Mark W. Kroll , Euljoon Park , Gene A. Bornzin
发明人： Steve Koh , Mark W. Kroll , Euljoon Park , Gene A. Bornzin
IPC分类号： A61N1/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/37252 , A61N1/36535 , A61N1/36542 , A61N1/37235
摘要： Time-varying spatial signals are detected by accelerometers mounted within the patient. The signals, representative of the actual 3-D trajectory of the patient, are compared with information representative of expected trajectories retrieved from memory to identify a current patient posture, which may be either a dynamic posture such as walking or running or a change in posture such as rising from a seated position to a standing position. In this manner, a change in posture of the patient is identified based upon a full 3-D trajectory, rather than merely the orientation of the patient at the beginning and the end of the change in posture. In an example described herein, the implantable device stores information representative of expected 3-D trajectories in the form of pre-calculated comparison matrices derived from orthonormal kernels employing Laguerre functions or Lagrange functions. A technique is also described for use by an external programmer for pre-calculating comparison matrices so as to reduce the processing burden within the implanted device during posture detection.

16. 发明授权

US06999817B2 Cardiac stimulation device including sleep apnea prevention and treatment 有权
公开(公告)号：US06999817B2
公开(公告)日：2006-02-14
申请号：US10077660
申请日：2002-02-14
申请人： Euljoon Park , Steve Koh , Gene A. Bornzin
发明人： Euljoon Park , Steve Koh , Gene A. Bornzin
IPC分类号： A61N1/36
CPC分类号： A61N1/365 , A61N1/36557
摘要： An implantable cardiac stimulation device comprises a physiologic sensor and one or more pulse generators. The physiologic sensor is capable of sensing a physiologic parameter. The pulse generators can generate cardiac pacing pulses with a timing based on the physiologic parameter. The timed cardiac pacing pulses can prevent a sleep apnea condition. In one example, a cardiac stimulation device has a physiologic sensor and can be configured to pace a patient's heart according to a rest mode of operation. The cardiac stimulation device uses measurements from the physiologic sensor to prevent and treat sleep apnea using a revised rest mode of operation. The revised rest mode operates under a presumption that sleep apnea is primary to a reduced heart rate, rather than secondary, so that pacing at a rate higher than the natural cardiac rate during sleep will prevent sleep apnea.

17. 发明授权

US06915164B2 Automatic capture using independent channels in bi-chamber stimulation 有权
标题翻译：在双室刺激中使用独立通道自动捕获
公开(公告)号：US06915164B2
公开(公告)日：2005-07-05
申请号：US10124164
申请日：2002-04-16
申请人： Kerry Bradley , Joseph J. Florio , Gene A. Bornzin , Euljoon Park
发明人： Kerry Bradley , Joseph J. Florio , Gene A. Bornzin , Euljoon Park
IPC分类号： A61N1/368 , A61N1/37
CPC分类号： A61N1/371 , A61N1/3684
摘要： A cardiac stimulation device and method deliver independent stimulation pulses to right and left cardiac chambers, based on the capture thresholds of each chamber, and confirm capture in each chamber. A threshold test is performed in one chamber while stimulating the opposite chamber at increased pulse energy and adjusted interchamber delay.
摘要翻译：基于每个室的捕获阈值，心脏刺激装置和方法将独立的刺激脉冲输送到左心室和左心室，并确认每个腔室中的捕获。在一个腔室中执行阈值测试，同时以增加的脉冲能量和调节的车间延迟刺激相反的腔室。

18. 发明授权

US06636766B2 System and method for preventing sudden heart rate drop using implantable cardiac pacing device 有权
公开(公告)号：US06636766B2
公开(公告)日：2003-10-21
申请号：US09849723
申请日：2001-05-03
申请人： Gene A. Bornzin , Junyu Mai , Euljoon Park , Joseph J. Florio
发明人： Gene A. Bornzin , Junyu Mai , Euljoon Park , Joseph J. Florio
IPC分类号： A61N1365
CPC分类号： A61N1/362
摘要： A rate smoothing technique is applied by the pacing device to sensed and paced heart signals so as to prevent a sharp drop in heart rate, particularly for use within patients prone to vasovagal syncope. The rate smoothing technique is applied by the pacing device during the calculation of an escape interval employed by the device in determining whether to pace the heart. The rate smoothing technique has the effect of adjusting the escape interval to ensure the heart is paced for a period of time subsequent to a sharp drop in the natural heart rate of the patient permitting the heart rate to decrease gradually rather than suddenly. The rate smoothing technique however does not interfere with a sharp increase in heart rate as may be required during sudden physical exertion. System and method examples are described herein.

19. 发明授权

US06606517B1 Methods and apparatus for preventing atrial arrhythmias by overdrive pacing and prolonging atrial refractoriness using an implantable cardiac stimulation device 有权
$Methods and apparatus for preventing atrial arrhythmias by overdrive pacing and prolonging atrial refractoriness using an implantable cardiac stimulation device$
标题翻译：使用可植入心脏刺激装置通过过度起搏预防房性心律失常和延长心房不应性的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06606517B1
公开(公告)日：2003-08-12
申请号：US09548293
申请日：2000-04-12
申请人： Euljoon Park , Gene A. Bornzin , Joseph J. Florio , John W. Poore , Laurence S. Sloman , Peter Boileau , Douglas T. Kurschinski
发明人： Euljoon Park , Gene A. Bornzin , Joseph J. Florio , John W. Poore , Laurence S. Sloman , Peter Boileau , Douglas T. Kurschinski
IPC分类号： A61N1362
CPC分类号： A61N1/3622
摘要： A method and apparatus for reducing the incidence of atrial arrhythmias by using an overdrive algorithm to determine the application of overdrive stimulation pulses to a patient's heart, e.g., in the atria. In a first aspect of the invention, the apparatus first determines an overdrive pacing rate and then applies pairs of temporally spaced (staggered) pacing pulses, i.e., primary and secondary pacing pulses, at the determined overdrive pacing rate. In a further aspect of the invention, the pairs of pacing pulses are applied at the overdrive pacing rate to multiple spatially spaced electrodes, i.e., electrodes distributed among multiple sites in a patient's heart, e.g., in the atria. In accordance with a first preferred embodiment, the electrodes may be distributed within a single atrium, e.g., the right atrium, of the patient's heart. Alternatively, a first electrode may be placed in the right atrium and a second electrode may be placed in the coronary sinus or the left atrium or multiple electrodes may be placed proximate to the left atrium. Furthermore, the invention relates to techniques for controlling overdrive pacing to multiple sites in a patient's heart so as to achieve and maintain a target degree of pacing and thus suppress tachycardias.
摘要翻译：一种用于通过使用过驱动算法来确定过度驱动刺激脉冲施加到患者心脏（例如在心房）中来减少心房心律失常发生率的方法和装置。在本发明的第一方面中，装置首先确定过驱动起搏速率，然后以确定的超速起搏速率施加时间间隔（交错）的起搏脉冲，即初级和次级起搏脉冲。在本发明的另一方面，以超速起搏速率将多对起搏脉冲施加到多个空间间隔开的电极，即分布在患者心脏中的多个部位之间的电极，例如在心房中。根据第一优选实施例，电极可以分布在患者心脏的单个心房（例如右心房）内。或者，第一电极可以放置在右心房中，并且第二电极可以放置在冠状窦或左心房中，或者多个电极可以放置在靠近左心房的位置。此外，本发明涉及用于控制对患者心脏中的多个部位的超速起搏的技术，以便实现和维持目标起搏程度，从而抑制心动过速。

20. 发明授权

US06510342B1 Methods and apparatus for preventing atrial arrhythmias by overdrive pacing multiple heart tissue sites using an implantable cardiac stimulation device 有权
标题翻译：使用可植入心脏刺激装置通过超速起搏多个心脏组织部位预防房性心律失常的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06510342B1
公开(公告)日：2003-01-21
申请号：US09548116
申请日：2000-04-12
申请人： Euljoon Park , Gene A. Bornzin , Joseph J. Florio , John W. Poore , Douglas T. Kurschinski
发明人： Euljoon Park , Gene A. Bornzin , Joseph J. Florio , John W. Poore , Douglas T. Kurschinski
IPC分类号： A61N1368
CPC分类号： A61N1/3622 , A61N1/3684
摘要： Techniques are described for pacing multiple sites in a patient's heart using overdrive pacing the heart using a pacemaker including techniques where the overdrive pacing rate only increases when at least two intrinsic beats are detected within a determined search period. In one specific technique, an increase in the pacing rate occurs only if two P-waves are detected within X cardiac cycles. In another specific technique, the overdrive pacing rate is increased only if at least two P-waves are detected within a block of N cardiac cycles. In both techniques, the overdrive pacing rate is decreased if no increase has occurred in the last Z cardiac cycles. By increasing the overdrive pacing rate only in response to detection of at least two P-waves within a determined number of cardiac cycles, an excessively high overdrive pacing rate is avoided. Other techniques are described for adaptively adjusting overdrive pacing parameters so as to achieve a determined target degree of pacing of, for example, 95% paced beats. By adaptively adjusting overdrive parameters to maintain a target degree of pacing, the average overdrive pacing rate is minimized while still maintaining a high number of paced beats, thereby reducing the risk of a tachyarrhythmia occurring within the patient.
摘要翻译：描述了用于使用起搏器使用超速起搏心脏起搏心脏多个部位的技术，其包括其中在确定的搜索周期内检测到至少两个固有节拍时，超速起搏速率仅增加的技术。在一种特定技术中，只有在X个心动周期内检测到两个P波时，起搏速率才会增加。在另一个具体技术中，只有在N个心动周期的块内检测到至少两个P波时，才能增加超速起搏速率。在两种技术中，如果在最后Z个心动周期中没有发生增加，则超速起搏速率将降低。通过仅在确定的心跳周期内响应于至少两个P波的检测来增加超速起搏速率，避免了过高的超速起搏速率。描述了用于自适应地调节过驱动起搏参数的其它技术，以便实现例如95％起搏节拍的确定的目标起搏程度。通过自适应地调整过驱动参数以保持目标起搏程度，平均超速起搏速度最小化，同时仍然保持大量的起搏节奏，从而降低患者内出现快速性心律失常的风险。

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