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    • 14. 发明授权
    • Data processing system
    • 数据处理系统
    • US4649470A
    • 1987-03-10
    • US435385
    • 1982-10-20
    • David H. BernsteinEdward M. BuckleyRoger W. MarchRonald I. Gusowski, deceased
    • David H. BernsteinEdward M. BuckleyRoger W. MarchRonald I. Gusowski, deceased
    • G06F9/26G06F13/36G06F13/42H03K23/66G06F13/38
    • H03K23/667G06F13/36G06F13/4217G06F9/26
    • A data processing system using microcode architecture in which a two-level microcode system comprises one or more first, or "horizontal", microinstructions and a plurality of second, or "vertical", microinstruction portions in a vertical microcontrol store. In a preferred embodiment the vertical microinstruction portions include one or more "modifier" fields, a selection field for selecting a horizontal microinstruction and a sequencing field for selecting the next vertical microinstruction portion of a sequence thereof, one or more fields of the horizontal microinstructions being capable of modification by the vertical modifier fields in order to form output microinstructions for performing data processing operations. Unique bus protocol signals are generated to prevent simultaneous access to the system bus by two competing system components and to permit substantially immediate control of the systems bus by a component without requiring a CPU decision thereon. Further, a unique system I/O interface unit permits access to certain I/O components via other I/O buses, such unit utilizing a unique polling technique to identify on an updated basis, all components present on one of such other buses. The system I/O interface unit also includes a unique frequency synthesizer unit for providing at least one clock signal having a substantially constant frequency which can be generated in response to any one of a plurality of input clock signals each having a different frequency.
    • 一种使用微代码架构的数据处理系统,其中两级微代码系统包括垂直微控制器存储器中的一个或多个第一或“水平”微指令以及多个第二或“垂直”微指令部分。 在优选实施例中,垂直微指令部分包括一个或多个“修改器”字段,用于选择水平微指令的选择字段和用于选择其序列的下一垂直微指令部分的测序字段,水平微指令的一个或多个字段为 能够通过垂直修改器字段进行修改,以便形成用于执行数据处理操作的输出微指令。 产生独特的总线协议信号以防止由两个竞争的系统组件同时访问系统总线,并允许由组件基本上立即控制系统总线,而不需要CPU决定。 此外,独特的系统I / O接口单元允许通过其他I / O总线访问某些I / O组件,这种单元利用独特的轮询技术,以更新的方式识别存在于其中一个其它总线上的所有组件。 系统I / O接口单元还包括唯一的频率合成器单元,用于提供至少一个具有基本上恒定频率的时钟信号,该时钟信号可以响应于具有不同频率的多个输入时钟信号中的任何一个而产生。