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11. 发明申请

US20060228108A1 Optical shutter 有权
标题翻译：光学快门
公开(公告)号：US20060228108A1
公开(公告)日：2006-10-12
申请号：US11102585
申请日：2005-04-06
申请人： Jarkko Viinikanoja , Tapani Levola
发明人： Jarkko Viinikanoja , Tapani Levola
IPC分类号： G02F1/00
CPC分类号： G02F1/19 , G02B6/353 , G02B6/3538 , G02B6/357 , G02B6/3578 , G02B26/004 , G02F1/178 , H01F1/44 , H04N5/2254
摘要： The invention relates to a shutter for an optical imaging system. An amount of opaque fluid is moved in a planar capillary space to open and close the shutter. Depending on the position of the opaque fluid with respect to an optical path passing through the capillary space, the fluid opens or blocks the optical path. In an embodiment, the opaque fluid is moved by a pressure differential caused by a diaphragm which is coupled to a piezoelectric actuator. In another embodiment, the opaque fluid is moved by electrostatic forces.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于光学成像系统的快门。不透明液体的量在平面毛细管空间中移动以打开和关闭快门。取决于不透明流体相对于通过毛细管空间的光路的位置，流体打开或阻挡光路。在一个实施例中，不透明流体由耦合到压电致动器的隔膜引起的压差移动。在另一个实施例中，不透明流体通过静电力移动。

12. 发明申请

US20060170615A1 Pen type virtual display 审中-公开
标题翻译：笔型虚拟显示
公开(公告)号：US20060170615A1
公开(公告)日：2006-08-03
申请号：US11322167
申请日：2005-12-28
申请人： Tapani Levola
发明人： Tapani Levola
IPC分类号： G09G5/00
CPC分类号： G02F1/133526 , G02B5/18 , G02B6/0016 , G02B6/0038 , G02B27/0101 , G02B2027/0125 , G02F1/136277 , G06F1/1601 , G06F1/1626 , G06F1/1637 , G06F3/03545
摘要： The invention relates to a display module, a portable device comprising a display module, and a method of displaying graphical information. A virtual image is generated using a micro-display, imaging optics and a diffractive beam expander. The virtual image is observable through the exit aperture of the diffractive beam expander. The aspect ratio of the displayed virtual image is substantially different from the aspect ratio of the exit aperture. A visible portion of the displayed image may be selected by tilting the display module. Thus, e.g. an entire displayed page of text may be examined through a wide but low display module, viewing two or three lines of text at a time.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及显示模块，包括显示模块的便携式设备以及显示图形信息的方法。使用微显示器，成像光学器件和衍射光束扩展器生成虚像。可以通过衍射光束扩展器的出射孔观察虚像。所显示的虚像的长宽比与出射孔的长宽比大不相同。可以通过倾斜显示模块来选择所显示图像的可见部分。因此，例如整个显示的文本页面可以通过宽但低的显示模块来检查，一次查看两行或三行文本。

13. 发明申请

US20060126181A1 Method and system for beam expansion in a display device 审中-公开
标题翻译：显示装置中光束扩展的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US20060126181A1
公开(公告)日：2006-06-15
申请号：US11011481
申请日：2004-12-13
申请人： Tapani Levola
发明人： Tapani Levola
IPC分类号： G02B27/44 , G02B5/18
CPC分类号： G02B27/4205 , G02B27/0081
摘要： An exit pupil extender with one input optical element and two exit optical elements disposed on different sides of the input optical element. The exit pupil extender also comprises two intermediate optical couplers, each disposed between the input optical element and one exit optical element. The couplers serve as exit pupil extending components. All optical elements and couplers are diffractive optical elements having grating lines. The grating lines of one optical element are substantially parallel to that of other optical elements, but the grating lines of the couplers are at substantially a 60-degree angle from that of the optical elements in order to optimize the exit pupil extending efficiency.
摘要翻译：具有一个输入光学元件和设置在输入光学元件的不同侧上的两个出射光学元件的出射光瞳扩展器。出射光瞳扩展器还包括两个中间光耦合器，每个设置在输入光学元件和一个出射光学元件之间。耦合器作为出射光瞳延伸部件。所有光学元件和耦合器都是具有光栅线的衍射光学元件。一个光学元件的光栅线基本上平行于其它光学元件的光栅线，但是耦合器的光栅线与光学元件的光栅线基本上成60度角，以便优化出射光瞳延伸效率。

14. 发明申请

US20050002611A1 Method and optical system for coupling light into a waveguide 有权
标题翻译：用于将光耦合到波导中的方法和光学系统
公开(公告)号：US20050002611A1
公开(公告)日：2005-01-06
申请号：US10843875
申请日：2004-05-11
申请人： Tapani Levola
发明人： Tapani Levola
IPC分类号： G02B6/10 , G02B6/12 , G02B6/126 , G02B6/34
CPC分类号： G02B27/0081 , G02B6/105 , G02B6/126 , G02B6/29328 , G02B6/34 , G02B2006/12107
摘要： A method and optical system for coupling light from an incoming light wave (WI) into a waveguiding substrate (S) arranges the light wave (WI) to interact with a diffractive in-coupling grating element or elements (IG) arranged on or embedded within the substrate (S) and arranged to couple the energy from the light wave (WI) into a waveguided light wave (WG). The polarization state of the light wave (WI) is converted after its first interaction (D1) with the in-coupling grating element/elements (IG) and before a second interaction (D2) with the grating element/elements (IG) takes place. The method minimizes any “reverse” diffractions, which would direct light back towards the front-end optics and therefore to increase the width W of the in-coupling grating/gratings (IG). Preferred embodiments include diffractive beam expanders for virtual displays.
摘要翻译：用于将来自入射光波（WI）的光耦合到波导衬底（S）中的方法和光学系统将光波（WI）布置成与布置在其上或嵌入其中的衍射耦合光栅元件（IG）相互作用衬底（S）并且布置成将来自光波（WI）的能量耦合到波导光波（WG）中。光波（WI）的偏振态在其与耦合光栅元件/元件（IG）的第一相互作用（D1）之后并且在与光栅元件/元件（IG）发生的第二相互作用（D2）之前被转换。该方法使任何“反向”衍射最小化，其将引导光返回到前端光学器件，并因此增加入耦合光栅/光栅（IG）的宽度W. 优选实施例包括用于虚拟显示器的衍射光束扩展器。

15. 发明申请

US20170131545A1 WAVEGUIDE COATINGS OR SUBSTRATES TO IMPROVE INTENSITY DISTRIBUTIONS 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20170131545A1
公开(公告)日：2017-05-11
申请号：US14936937
申请日：2015-11-10
申请人： R. Andrew Wall , Scott Woltman , Steven John Robbins , Xinye Lou , Gangok Lee , Yarn Chee Poon , Tuomas Vallius , Pasi Kostamo , Tapani Levola , Yijing Fu
发明人： R. Andrew Wall , Scott Woltman , Steven John Robbins , Xinye Lou , Gangok Lee , Yarn Chee Poon , Tuomas Vallius , Pasi Kostamo , Tapani Levola , Yijing Fu
IPC分类号： G02B27/01 , G02B27/42 , G02B27/00
CPC分类号： G02B27/0101 , G02B6/001 , G02B27/0081 , G02B27/0172 , G02B27/4205 , G02B2027/0118 , G02B2027/0125
摘要： An apparatus for use in replicating an image associated with an input-pupil to an output-pupil includes a planar optical waveguide including a bulk-substrate, and also including an input-coupler, an intermediate-component and an output-coupler. The input-coupler couples light corresponding to the image into the bulk-substrate and towards the intermediate-component. The intermediate-component performs horizontal or vertical pupil expansion and directs the light corresponding to the image towards the output-coupler. The output-coupler performs the other one of horizontal or vertical pupil expansion and couples light corresponding to the image, which travels from the input-coupler to the output-coupler, out of the waveguide. The apparatus further includes an adjacent planar optical component to provide a more uniform intensity distribution compared to if the adjacent planar optical component were absent.

16. 发明申请

US20170003504A1 DIFFRACTIVE OPTICAL ELEMENTS WITH GRADED EDGES 有权
标题翻译：具有分级边缘的差分光学元件
公开(公告)号：US20170003504A1
公开(公告)日：2017-01-05
申请号：US14788174
申请日：2015-06-30
申请人： Tuomas Vallius , Lauri Sainiemi , Tapani Levola , Marco Mattila
发明人： Tuomas Vallius , Lauri Sainiemi , Tapani Levola , Marco Mattila
IPC分类号： G02B27/01 , G02B27/42 , G02B27/00 , G02B5/18
CPC分类号： G02B27/0101 , G02B5/1819 , G02B5/1852 , G02B27/0081 , G02B27/0172 , G02B27/4205 , G02B27/4272 , G02B2027/0125 , G02B2027/0178
摘要： In an optical system that includes a waveguide with multiple diffractive optical elements (DOEs) incorporating diffraction gratings, light exiting a trailing edge of an upstream DOE enters a leading edge of a downstream DOE. One or more of the DOEs may include a leading and/or a trailing edge that have a graded profile. At a graded trailing edge of an upstream DOE, grating height smoothly decreases from full height to shallow height as a function of the proximity to the trailing edge. At a graded leading edge of the downstream DOE grating height smoothly increases from shallow height to full height as a function of distance away from the leading edge. By reducing a sharp boundary at the interface between the upstream and downstream DOEs, the graded profiles of the DOE edges enable optical resolution to be maintained decreasing sensitivity to misalignment between the DOEs that may occur during manufacturing.
摘要翻译：在包括具有包含衍射光栅的多个衍射光学元件（DOE）的波导的光学系统中，离开上游DOE的后缘的光进入下游DOE的前沿。 DOE中的一个或多个可以包括具有分级轮廓的前缘和/或后缘。在上游DOE的渐变后缘，光栅高度从完全高度平滑地降低到浅高度，作为靠近后缘的函数。在下游DOE光栅的分级前沿从浅高度平滑地从浅高度到全高度，作为距离前缘的距离的函数。通过在上游和下游DOE之间的界面处减少尖锐边界，DOE边缘的分级轮廓使得光学分辨率能够保持降低对在制造期间可能发生的DOE之间的未对准的灵敏度。

17. 发明申请

US20150185475A1 EYE TRACKING APPARATUS, METHOD AND SYSTEM 有权
标题翻译：眼睛跟踪装置，方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US20150185475A1
公开(公告)日：2015-07-02
申请号：US14140987
申请日：2013-12-26
申请人： Pasi Saarikko , Xinye Lou , Scott McEldowney , Steven Robbins , Tapani Levola
发明人： Pasi Saarikko , Xinye Lou , Scott McEldowney , Steven Robbins , Tapani Levola
IPC分类号： G06K9/00 , G02B6/34 , G06F3/01 , G02B27/01 , G02B6/36
CPC分类号： G02B27/0093 , A61B3/113 , G02B6/02085 , G02B6/34 , G02B27/0172 , G02B2027/0107 , G02B2027/0138 , G02B2027/0178 , G06F3/013 , H04N13/383
摘要： A transparent waveguide for use in eye tracking includes an input-coupler and an output-coupler. The input-coupler comprises a plurality of curved grating lines having a radially varying pitch. When positioned in front of an eye illuminated with infrared light, infrared light beams reflected from the eye and incident on the input-coupler enter the waveguide at the input-coupler, propagate through the waveguide by way of total internal reflections, and exit the waveguide proximate the output-coupler. The radially varying pitch of the curved grating lines of the input-coupler provides angular encoding of infrared light incident on the input-coupler, and more specifically, causes different beams of infrared light incident on respective different horizontal and vertical positions of the input-coupler to propagate through the waveguide at respective different angles of reflection and exit the waveguide at respective different angles of incidence relative to a surface of the waveguide through which infrared light beams exit.
摘要翻译：用于眼睛跟踪的透明波导包括输入耦合器和输出耦合器。输入耦合器包括具有径向变化间距的多个弯曲光栅线。当放置在用红外线照射的眼睛前方时，从眼睛反射并入射到输入耦合器上的红外光束进入输入耦合器处的波导，通过全内反射传播通过波导，并且离开波导靠近输出耦合器。输入耦合器的弯曲光栅线的径向变化的间距对入射到输入耦合器上的红外光的角度编码提供了角度编码，更具体地说，使不同的红外光束入射在输入耦合器的不同的水平和垂直位置上以相应的不同的反射角传播通过波导并以相应的入射角相对于波导的表面离开波导，红外光束通过该表面离开。

18. 发明授权

US08547638B2 Color distribution in exit pupil expanders 有权
标题翻译：出院瞳孔扩张器的颜色分布
公开(公告)号：US08547638B2
公开(公告)日：2013-10-01
申请号：US13594060
申请日：2012-08-24
申请人： Tapani Levola
发明人： Tapani Levola
IPC分类号： G02B5/18
CPC分类号： G02B27/0081 , G02B27/1006 , G02B27/1086 , G02B27/42 , G02B27/4272
摘要： The specification and drawings present a new apparatus and method for providing color separation in an exit pupil expander system that uses a plurality of diffractive elements for expanding the exit pupil of a display in an electronic device for viewing by introducing a selectively absorbing area or areas in the exit pupil expander.
摘要翻译：说明书和附图提出了一种用于在出射光瞳扩展器系统中提供颜色分离的新装置和方法，该系统使用多个衍射元件来扩展电子设备中的显示器的出射光瞳，以便通过将选择性吸收区域出瞳扩张器。

19. 发明授权

US08494229B2 Device and method for determining gaze direction 有权
标题翻译：用于确定注视方向的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US08494229B2
公开(公告)日：2013-07-23
申请号：US12866427
申请日：2008-02-14
申请人： Toni Järvenpää , Tapani Levola
发明人： Toni Järvenpää , Tapani Levola
IPC分类号： G06K9/00 , A61B3/10
CPC分类号： G06F3/013 , A61B3/113
摘要： An eye tracker device (200) comprises a diffractive beam expander (207) to provide two substantially collimated illuminating light beams (B11, B12). The collimated light beams (B11, B12) provide two reflection spots (G1, G2) appearing in the image of the eye. The gaze direction (GZD) is calculated from the positions of the reflection spots (G1, G2) with respect to the pupil (P) of the eye (E1). The two illuminating beams (B11, B12) are provided by splitting an infrared laser beam (B4) into two in-coupled beams (B5, B6), which propagate in different directions in the substrate (7) of the beams expander. The in-coupled beams (B5, B6) are expanded and their light is subsequently coupled out of the substrate (7) by an out-coupling grating (230) to illuminate the eye (E1). The same substrate (7) may also be used to implement a virtual display device (100) for displaying virtual images to said eye (E1).
摘要翻译：眼睛跟踪装置（200）包括衍射光束扩展器（207），以提供两个基本上准直的照明光束（B11，B12）。准直光束（B11，B12）提供出现在眼睛图像中的两个反射点（G1，G2）。从反射点（G1，G2）相对于眼睛（瞳孔）（E1）的位置算出视线方向（GZD）。两个照明光束（B11，B12）通过将红外激光束（B4）分成两个在光束扩展器的衬底（7）中沿不同方向传播的并联光束（B5，B6）来提供。入耦合光束（B5，B6）被扩展，并且其光随后通过输出耦合光栅（230）耦合到衬底（7）外以照亮眼睛（E1）。也可以使用相同的基板（7）来实现用于向所述眼睛（E1）显示虚拟图像的虚拟显示设备（100）。

20. 发明授权

US08331006B2 Display device and a method for illuminating a light modulator array of a display device 有权
标题翻译：显示装置和用于照明显示装置的光调制器阵列的方法
公开(公告)号：US08331006B2
公开(公告)日：2012-12-11
申请号：US12866401
申请日：2008-02-13
申请人： Tapani Levola
发明人： Tapani Levola
IPC分类号： G02B26/00
CPC分类号： G02B27/0172 , G02B5/30 , G02B6/0016 , G02B6/0035 , G02B6/0036 , G02B6/0061 , G02B6/0068 , G02B6/0076 , G02B6/34 , G02B27/0081 , G02B27/0101 , G02B27/4272 , G02B2027/0112
摘要： Illuminating light (B2, B3) for a liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) micro-display (210) is provided by an illuminating unit (100). The illuminating unit (100) has a waveguiding substrate (7) and a plurality of light out-coupling features (F30). The substrate (7) has two substantially parallel surfaces (41,42). Light coupled into said substrate (7) is reflected several times on the surfaces (41,42) of the substrate (7) by total internal reflection (TIR) before being coupled out of the substrate (7). Thus a portion (102) of said substrate (7) may act as an optical integrator for smoothing out variations in spatial intensity distribution of light propagating within said substrate (7). The out-coupling efficiencies of the out-coupling features (F30) may be selected to minimize vignetting and/or to minimize stray light effects.
摘要翻译：用于液晶硅（LCOS）微显示器（210）的照明光（B2，B3）由照明单元（100）提供。照明单元（100）具有波导基板（7）和多个光输出耦合特征（F30）。衬底（7）具有两个基本平行的表面（41,42）。耦合到所述衬底（7）中的光在被耦合出衬底（7）之前通过全内反射（TIR）在衬底（7）的表面（41,42）上反射多次。因此，所述衬底（7）的部分（102）可以用作光学积分器，用于平滑在所述衬底（7）内传播的光的空间强度分布的变化。可以选择输出耦合特征（F30）的输出耦合效率以最小化渐晕和/或使杂散光效应最小化。

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