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1. 发明授权

US08494229B2 Device and method for determining gaze direction 有权
标题翻译：用于确定注视方向的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US08494229B2
公开(公告)日：2013-07-23
申请号：US12866427
申请日：2008-02-14
申请人： Toni Järvenpää , Tapani Levola
发明人： Toni Järvenpää , Tapani Levola
IPC分类号： G06K9/00 , A61B3/10
CPC分类号： G06F3/013 , A61B3/113
摘要： An eye tracker device (200) comprises a diffractive beam expander (207) to provide two substantially collimated illuminating light beams (B11, B12). The collimated light beams (B11, B12) provide two reflection spots (G1, G2) appearing in the image of the eye. The gaze direction (GZD) is calculated from the positions of the reflection spots (G1, G2) with respect to the pupil (P) of the eye (E1). The two illuminating beams (B11, B12) are provided by splitting an infrared laser beam (B4) into two in-coupled beams (B5, B6), which propagate in different directions in the substrate (7) of the beams expander. The in-coupled beams (B5, B6) are expanded and their light is subsequently coupled out of the substrate (7) by an out-coupling grating (230) to illuminate the eye (E1). The same substrate (7) may also be used to implement a virtual display device (100) for displaying virtual images to said eye (E1).
摘要翻译：眼睛跟踪装置（200）包括衍射光束扩展器（207），以提供两个基本上准直的照明光束（B11，B12）。准直光束（B11，B12）提供出现在眼睛图像中的两个反射点（G1，G2）。从反射点（G1，G2）相对于眼睛（瞳孔）（E1）的位置算出视线方向（GZD）。两个照明光束（B11，B12）通过将红外激光束（B4）分成两个在光束扩展器的衬底（7）中沿不同方向传播的并联光束（B5，B6）来提供。入耦合光束（B5，B6）被扩展，并且其光随后通过输出耦合光栅（230）耦合到衬底（7）外以照亮眼睛（E1）。也可以使用相同的基板（7）来实现用于向所述眼睛（E1）显示虚拟图像的虚拟显示设备（100）。

2. 发明申请

US20110019874A1 DEVICE AND METHOD FOR DETERMINING GAZE DIRECTION 有权
标题翻译：用于确定高度方向的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US20110019874A1
公开(公告)日：2011-01-27
申请号：US12866427
申请日：2008-02-14
申请人： Toni Järvenpää , Tapani Levola
发明人： Toni Järvenpää , Tapani Levola
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06F3/013 , A61B3/113
摘要： An eye tracker device (200) comprises a diffractive beam expander (207) to provide two substantially collimated illuminating light beams (B11, B12). The collimated light beams (B11, B12) provide two reflection spots (G1, G2) appearing in the image of the eye. The gaze direction (GZD) is calculated from the positions of the reflection spots (G1, G2) with respect to the pupil (P) of the eye (E1). The two illuminating beams (B11, B12) are provided by splitting an infrared laser beam (B4) into two in-coupled beams (B5, B6), which propagate in different directions in the substrate (7) of the beams expander. The in-coupled beams (B5, B6) are expanded and their light is subsequently coupled out of the substrate (7) by an out-coupling grating (230) to illuminate the eye (E1). The same substrate (7) may also be used to implement a virtual display device (100) for displaying virtual images to said eye (E1).
摘要翻译：眼睛跟踪装置（200）包括衍射光束扩展器（207），以提供两个基本上准直的照明光束（B11，B12）。准直光束（B11，B12）提供出现在眼睛图像中的两个反射点（G1，G2）。从反射点（G1，G2）相对于眼睛（瞳孔）（E1）的位置算出视线方向（GZD）。两个照明光束（B11，B12）通过将红外激光束（B4）分成两个在光束扩展器的衬底（7）中沿不同方向传播的并联光束（B5，B6）来提供。入耦合光束（B5，B6）被扩展，并且其光随后通过输出耦合光栅（230）耦合到衬底（7）外以照亮眼睛（E1）。也可以使用相同的基板（7）来实现用于向所述眼睛（E1）显示虚拟图像的虚拟显示设备（100）。

3. 发明授权

US09766464B2 Reducing ghost images 有权
公开(公告)号：US09766464B2
公开(公告)日：2017-09-19
申请号：US14973150
申请日：2015-12-17
申请人： Yarn Chee Poon , Ian Nguyen , Eliezer Glik , Tapani Levola
发明人： Yarn Chee Poon , Ian Nguyen , Eliezer Glik , Tapani Levola
IPC分类号： G02B27/01 , F21V8/00 , G02B5/30 , G02B27/28 , G02B27/00
CPC分类号： G02B27/0172 , G02B5/3083 , G02B6/0016 , G02B27/0018 , G02B27/283 , G02B27/286 , G02B2027/012 , G02B2027/0125 , G02B2027/0174 , G02B2027/0178
摘要： In a near-eye or heads-up display system including a display engine and an optical waveguide, a quarter-wave retarder (QWR) is positioned between a polarizing beam splitter (PBS) of the display engine and an input diffraction grating of the waveguide. Additionally, a linear polarizer can be positioned between the PBS and the QWR. Light corresponding to an image generated by a reflective microdisplay of the display engine is diffracted into the waveguide by the input diffraction grating, so it can travel by way of total internal reflection to an output coupler and viewed by a human eye. The QWR alone, or in combination with the linear polarizer, prevents a ghost image that may otherwise occur if a portion of the light corresponding to the image, that is diffracted into the waveguide by the input diffraction grating, is diffractively out-coupled by the input diffraction grating and thereafter reflects off the reflective microdisplay.

4. 发明申请

US20160234485A1 Display System 审中-公开
标题翻译：显示系统
公开(公告)号：US20160234485A1
公开(公告)日：2016-08-11
申请号：US14617606
申请日：2015-02-09
申请人： Steven John Robbins , Tapani Levola , Pasi Saarikko , Yarn Chee Poon , Lena Adele Wolfe , Erica Lee Towle
发明人： Steven John Robbins , Tapani Levola , Pasi Saarikko , Yarn Chee Poon , Lena Adele Wolfe , Erica Lee Towle
IPC分类号： H04N13/04 , G02B27/01 , G06T19/00
CPC分类号： H04N13/332 , G02B27/0081 , G02B27/0172 , G02B2027/012 , G02B2027/0134 , G06T19/006 , G06T2207/10021 , H04N2213/008
摘要： A wearable image display system comprises a headpiece, a light engine, and an optical component. The light engine is mounted on the headpiece and configured to generate beams, each of the beams being substantially collimated so that the beams form a virtual image. The optical component located to project an image onto an eye of a wearer and comprising an incoupling structure and an exit structure. The beams are directed from an exit aperture of the light engine to the in-coupling structure of the optical component. The exit structure is arranged to guide the beams onto the eye. The optical component is located between light engine and the eye. The optical component is angled relative to the light engine such that any outwardly reflected versions of the beams propagate clear of the exit aperture.
摘要翻译：可戴式图像显示系统包括头戴式，光引擎和光学部件。光引擎安装在头盔上并被配置为产生光束，每个光束基本准直，使得光束形成虚像。所述光学部件定位成将图像投影到佩戴者的眼睛上并且包括输入结构和出口结构。光束从光引擎的出射孔引导到光学部件的耦合结构。出口结构被布置成将梁引导到眼睛上。光学部件位于光引擎和眼睛之间。光学部件相对于光引擎成角度，使得光束的任何向外反射的形式传播离开出射孔。

5. 发明申请

US20160231570A1 Display System 有权
标题翻译：显示系统
公开(公告)号：US20160231570A1
公开(公告)日：2016-08-11
申请号：US14617769
申请日：2015-02-09
申请人： Tapani Levola , Pasi Saarikko , Steven John Robbins , Yarn Chee Poon , Lena Adele Wolfe , Erica Lee Towle
发明人： Tapani Levola , Pasi Saarikko , Steven John Robbins , Yarn Chee Poon , Lena Adele Wolfe , Erica Lee Towle
IPC分类号： G02B27/01 , F21V8/00 , G06T19/00
CPC分类号： G02B27/0172 , G02B6/00 , G02B6/0016 , G02B6/0035 , G02B6/005 , G02B27/0018 , G02B27/0081 , G02B27/0176 , G02B27/4272 , G02B2027/011 , G02B2027/0123 , G02B2027/0134 , G02B2027/0152 , G02B2027/0161 , G02B2027/0178 , G06T19/006
摘要： A wearable image display system comprises a headpiece, a first and a second light engine, and a first and a second optical component. The first and second light engines generate a first and a second set of beams respectively, each beam substantially collimated so that the first and second set form a first and a second virtual image respectively. Each optical component is located to project an image onto a first and a second eye of a wearer respectively. The first and second sets of beams are directed to incoupling structures of the first and second optical components respectively. Exit structures of the first and second optical components guide the first and second sets of beams onto the first and second eyes respectively. The optical components are located between the light engines and the eyes. Both of the light engines are mounted to a central portion of the headpiece.
摘要翻译：一种可穿戴图像显示系统，包括头戴式耳机，第一和第二光引擎以及第一和第二光学部件。第一和第二光引擎分别产生第一和第二组光束，每个光束基本准直，使得第一和第二组分别形成第一和第二虚像。每个光学部件被定位成将图像投影到穿戴者的第一眼睛和第二眼睛上。第一和第二组光束分别被引导到第一和第二光学部件的耦合结构。第一和第二光学部件的出口结构分别将第一和第二组光束引导到第一和第二眼睛上。光学部件位于光引擎和眼睛之间。两个光引擎均安装在头盔的中心部分。

6. 发明申请

US20160231569A1 Display System 审中-公开
标题翻译：显示系统
公开(公告)号：US20160231569A1
公开(公告)日：2016-08-11
申请号：US14617710
申请日：2015-02-09
申请人： Tapani Levola
发明人： Tapani Levola
IPC分类号： G02B27/01 , G02F1/035 , G02F1/125 , G02B5/18
CPC分类号： G02B27/0172 , G02B5/1842 , G02B6/0016 , G02B6/0035 , G02B27/0081 , G02B2027/011 , G02B2027/0123 , G02B2027/0132 , G02B2027/0174 , G02B2027/0178 , G02F1/035 , G02F1/125
摘要： A display system comprises an optical waveguide, an actuator and a light engine. The light engine generates multiple input beams which form a virtual image. An incoupling grating of the optical waveguide couples each beam into an intermediate grating of the waveguide, in which that beam is guided onto multiple splitting regions. The intermediate grating splits that beam at the splitting regions to provide multiple substantially parallel versions of that beam. Those multiple versions are coupled into an exit grating of the waveguide, in which the multiple versions are guided onto multiple exit regions. The exit grating diffracts the multiple versions of that beam outwardly. The multiple input beams thus cause multiple exit beams to exit the waveguide which form a version of the virtual image. The actuator is coupled to the waveguide and is arranged to generate acoustic waves, which are incident on, and propagate through, the optical waveguide.
摘要翻译：显示系统包括光波导，致动器和光引擎。光引擎产生形成虚像的多个输入光束。光波导的耦合光栅将每个光束耦合到波导的中间光栅中，其中该光束被引导到多个分割区域上。中间光栅在分离区域处分裂该光束以提供该光束的多个基本平行的形式。这些多个版本耦合到波导的出口光栅中，其中多个版本被引导到多个出口区域。出射光栅向外衍射该光束的多个版本。因此，多个输入光束导致多个出射光束离开形成虚像的版本的波导。致动器耦合到波导并且被布置成产生入射到光波导上并且传播通过光波导的声波。

7. 发明申请

US20160033697A1 MICROFABRICATION 有权
标题翻译：微生物
公开(公告)号：US20160033697A1
公开(公告)日：2016-02-04
申请号：US14447464
申请日：2014-07-30
申请人： Lauri Sainiemi , Tapani Levola , Pasi Saarikko
发明人： Lauri Sainiemi , Tapani Levola , Pasi Saarikko
IPC分类号： G02B5/18 , B05C13/02 , B05C3/02
CPC分类号： G02B5/1857 , B05C3/02 , B05C13/02 , B05D1/18 , B05D5/06 , C03C15/00 , C03C17/00 , C03C2218/111 , C03C2218/33 , C23C16/45525 , C23F1/02 , G02B5/1828 , G02B6/0058 , G02B27/0103
摘要： Microfabrication processes and apparatuses for fabricating microstructures on a substrate are disclosed. The substrate has a current diffraction grating pattern formed by current surface modulations over at least a portion of the substrate's surface that exhibit a substantially uniform grating linewidth over the surface portion. An immersion depth of the substrate in a fluid for patterning the substrate is gradually changed so that different points on the surface portion are immersed for different immersion times. The fluid changes the linewidth of the surface modulations at each immersed point on the surface portion by an amount determined by the immersion time of that point, thereby changing the current diffraction grating pattern to a new diffraction grating pattern formed by new surface modulations over the surface portion that exhibit a spatially varying grating linewidth that varies over the surface portion.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于在基板上制造微结构的微加工工艺和装置。衬底具有通过在衬底的表面的至少一部分上的电流表面调制形成的电流衍射光栅图案，其在表面部分上表现出基本均匀的光栅线宽。衬底在用于图案化衬底的流体中的浸入深度逐渐改变，使得表面部分上的不同点被浸入不同的浸渍时间。流体将表面部分上的每个浸渍点处的表面调制线宽改变由该点的浸渍时间确定的量，从而将电流衍射光栅图案改变为通过表面上的新表面调制形成的新的衍射光栅图案表现出在表面部分上变化的空间变化的光栅线宽的部分。

8. 发明授权

US08314993B2 Split exit pupil expander 有权
标题翻译：分离出口瞳孔扩张器
公开(公告)号：US08314993B2
公开(公告)日：2012-11-20
申请号：US12227730
申请日：2007-04-03
申请人： Tapani Levola
发明人： Tapani Levola
IPC分类号： G02B27/14 , G02B5/18
CPC分类号： G02B27/0081 , G02B6/0016 , G02B6/0035 , G02B6/0058 , G02B27/0172 , G02B27/42 , G02B2027/0125 , G02B2027/0178
摘要： The specification and drawings present a new apparatus and method for using a split exit pupil expander to provide general diffractive optics method that uses a plurality of diffractive elements for expanding the exit pupil of a display of an electronic device for viewing.
摘要翻译：说明书和附图提出了一种使用分离出射光瞳扩展器提供一般的衍射光学方法的新装置和方法，该方法使用多个衍射元件来扩展用于观看的电子设备的显示器的出射光瞳。

9. 发明申请

US20100315719A1 Exit Pupil Expanders with Spherical and Aspheric Substrates 有权
标题翻译：退出具有球形和非球面衬底的瞳孔扩展器
公开(公告)号：US20100315719A1
公开(公告)日：2010-12-16
申请号：US12746226
申请日：2007-12-17
申请人： Pasi Saarikko , Tapani Levola
发明人： Pasi Saarikko , Tapani Levola
IPC分类号： G02B27/01
CPC分类号： G02B27/0081 , G02B5/18 , G02B27/0101 , G02B2027/011 , G02B2027/0123 , G02B2027/0127
摘要： The specification and drawings present a new apparatus and method for using exit pupil expanders (EPE) with spherical or aspheric non-flat substrates and a plurality of diffractive elements for expanding the exit pupil of a display for viewing in order to reduce image spreading. This can also enable improved image resolution and utilization of shorter focus distances.
摘要翻译：本说明书和附图提出了一种用于使用具有球形或非球面非平面基板的出射光瞳扩展器（EPE）和用于展开显示器的出射光瞳的多个衍射元件以便减少图像扩展的新装置和方法。这也可以实现更好的图像分辨率和较短焦距的利用。

10. 发明授权

US07184615B2 Electrically tunable diffractive grating element 有权
$Electrically tunable diffractive grating element$
标题翻译：电可调谐衍射光栅元件
公开(公告)号：US07184615B2
公开(公告)日：2007-02-27
申请号：US10666926
申请日：2003-09-19
申请人： Tapani Levola
发明人： Tapani Levola
IPC分类号： G02B6/34 , G02B6/26
CPC分类号： G02B27/0081 , G02B5/1828 , G02B26/0808
摘要： The invention relates to an optical device (50) for manipulating a light wave (λ) using a diffractive grating structure (G). According to the basic idea behind the invention a prior art type diffractive grating structure having a permanently shaped surface relief is substituted with an electrically deformable diffractive grating structure (G), where a preformed, basic surface relief of the grating is composed of dielectric and deformable viscoelastic material, which can be electrically and sequentially fine tuned in shape to adjust the diffraction properties of said grating individually for different wavelengths. The invention permits manufacture of virtual display devices with a significantly larger exit pupil diameter than prior art solutions without degrading the color uniformity of the display device.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于使用衍射光栅结构（G）来操纵光波（λ）的光学装置（50）。根据本发明的基本思想，具有永久成形的表面浮雕的现有技术的衍射光栅结构被电可变形的衍射光栅结构（G）所取代，其中光栅的预制的基本表面浮雕由电介质和可变形的粘弹性材料，其可以电而且顺序地精细调整形状，以针对不同的波长单独地调整所述光栅的衍射性质。本发明允许制造具有比现有技术方案显着更大的出射光瞳直径的虚拟显示装置，而不会降低显示装置的颜色均匀性。

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