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131. 发明授权

US5402233A Furnace control apparatus using polarizing interferometer 失效
标题翻译：使用偏光干涉仪的炉控制装置
公开(公告)号：US5402233A
公开(公告)日：1995-03-28
申请号：US132851
申请日：1993-10-07
申请人： Thomas J. Schultz , Petros A. Kotidis , Jaime A. Woodroffe , Peter S. Rostler
发明人： Thomas J. Schultz , Petros A. Kotidis , Jaime A. Woodroffe , Peter S. Rostler
IPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G10K15/04 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G10K15/046
摘要： A system for non-destructively measuring an object and controlling industrial processes in response to the measurement is disclosed in which an impulse laser generates a plurality of sound waves over timed increments in an object. A polarizing interferometer is used to measure surface movement of the object caused by the sound waves and sensed by phase shifts in the signal beam. A photon multiplier senses the phase shift and develops an electrical signal. A signal conditioning arrangement modifies the electrical signals to generate an average signal correlated to the sound waves which in turn is correlated to a physical or metallurgical property of the object, such as temperature, which property may then be used to control the process. External, random vibrations of the workpiece are utilized to develop discernible signals which can be sensed in the interferometer by only one photon multiplier. In addition the interferometer includes an arrangement for optimizing its sensitivity so that movement attributed to various waves can be detected in opaque objects. The interferometer also includes a mechanism for sensing objects with rough surfaces which produce speckle light patterns. Finally the interferometer per se, with the addition of a second photon multiplier is capable of accurately recording beam length distance differences with only one reading.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于非破坏性地测量物体并且响应于测量来控制工业过程的系统，其中脉冲激光器通过物体中的定时增量产生多个声波。偏振干涉仪用于测量由声波引起的物体的表面移动，并通过信号光束中的相移来检测。光子倍增器检测相移并产生电信号。信号调节装置修改电信号以产生与声波相关的平均信号，该平均信号又与物体的物理或冶金特性（例如温度）相关，该属性然后可用于控制该过程。使用工件的外部随机振动来产生可辨别的信号，只有一个光子倍增器可以在干涉仪中感测到这些信号。此外，干涉仪包括用于优化其灵敏度的装置，从而可以在不透明物体中检测归因于各种波的运动。干涉仪还包括用于感测具有产生斑点光图案的粗糙表面的物体的机构。最后，干涉仪本身，添加第二个光子倍增器能够仅用一个读数精确地记录光束长度的距离差。

132. 发明授权

US5394233A Apparatus for measuring high frequency vibration, motion, or displacement 失效
标题翻译：用于测量高频振动，运动或位移的装置
公开(公告)号：US5394233A
公开(公告)日：1995-02-28
申请号：US43367
申请日：1993-04-06
申请人： Charles P. Wang
发明人： Charles P. Wang
IPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G01P3/36 , G01P15/093 , G01S7/481 , G01S7/483 , G01C3/00 , G01B9/02 , G01C3/08
CPC分类号： G01P3/366 , G01H9/00 , G01P15/093 , G01S7/4811 , G01S7/483 , G01S7/497
摘要： Apparati and methods are disclosed for detecting vibrations, displacements and motions of a remote surface with high sensitivity, high frequency response and high accuracy using a laser beam with optical modulation, optical hetrodyning and phase detection. High speed digital signal processing is used. Shared aperture design is employed for utilization of a flat target, double-pass design for large lateral movement tolerance with high resolution, and dual target design for detection of displacement as well as angular changes in vibrational motion.
摘要翻译：公开了一种使用具有光调制，光学混合和相位检测的激光束来检测远程表面的振动，位移和运动的灵敏度，高频响应和高精度的方法。使用高速数字信号处理。采用共享孔径设计来利用平面目标，双通道设计，具有高分辨率的大横向运动公差，双目标设计用于检测位移以及振动运动中的角度变化。

133. 发明授权

US5335548A Non-linear optical crystal vibration sensing device 失效
标题翻译：非线性光学晶体振动传感装置
公开(公告)号：US5335548A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-09
申请号：US901289
申请日：1992-06-19
申请人： Ralph Kalibjian
发明人： Ralph Kalibjian
IPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G01H1/00
CPC分类号： G01H9/00
摘要： A non-linear optical crystal vibration sensing device (10) including a photorefractive crystal (26) and a laser (12). The laser (12 ) produces a coherent light beam (14) which is split by a beam splitter (18) into a first laser beam (20) and a second laser beam (22). After passing through the crystal (26) the first laser beam (20) is counter-propagated back upon itself by a retro-mirror (32), creating a third laser beam (30). The laser beams (20, 22, 30) are modulated, due to the mixing effect within the crystal (26) by vibration of the crystal (30). In the third laser beam (30), modulation is stable and such modulation is converted by a photodetector (34) into a usable electrical output, intensity modulated in accordance with vibration applied to the crystal (26).
摘要翻译：一种包括光折射晶体（26）和激光（12）的非线性光学晶体振动感测装置（10）。激光器（12）产生由分束器（18）分裂成第一激光束（20）和第二激光束（22）的相干光束（14）。在通过晶体（26）之后，第一激光束（20）通过后视镜（32）反向传播回自身，产生第三激光束（30）。由于晶体（26）中的晶体（30）的振动产生的混合效应，激光束（20,22,30）被调制。在第三激光束（30）中，调制是稳定的，并且这种调制由光电检测器（34）转换成可用的电输出，根据施加到晶体（26）的振动进行强度调制。

134. 发明授权

US5286313A Process control system using polarizing interferometer 失效
标题翻译：使用偏光干涉仪的过程控制系统
公开(公告)号：US5286313A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-15
申请号：US785787
申请日：1991-10-31
申请人： Thomas J. Schultz , Petros A. Kotidis , Jaime A. Woodroffe , Peter S. Rostler
发明人： Thomas J. Schultz , Petros A. Kotidis , Jaime A. Woodroffe , Peter S. Rostler
IPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G10K15/04 , G01H5/00
CPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G10K15/046
摘要： A system for non-destructively measuring an object and controlling industrial processes in response to the measurement is disclosed in which an impulse laser generates a plurality of sound waves over timed increments in an object. A polarizing interferometer is used to measure surface movement of the object caused by the sound waves and sensed by phase shifts in the signal beam. A photon multiplier senses the phase shift and develops an electrical signal. A signal conditioning arrangement modifies the electrical signals to generate an average signal correlated to the sound waves which in turn is correlated to a physical or metallurgical property of the object, such as temperature, which property may then be used to control the process. External, random vibrations of the workpiece are utilized to develop discernible signals which can be sensed in the interferometer by only one photon multiplier. In addition the interferometer includes an arrangement for optimizing its sensitivity so that movement attributed to various waves can be detected in opaque objects. The interferometer also includes a mechanism for sensing objects with rough surfaces which produce speckle light patterns. Finally the interferometer per se, with the addition of a second photon multiplier is capable of accurately recording beam length distance differences with only one reading.
摘要翻译：公开了一种用于非破坏性地测量物体并且响应于测量来控制工业过程的系统，其中脉冲激光器通过物体中的定时增量产生多个声波。偏振干涉仪用于测量由声波引起的物体的表面移动，并通过信号光束中的相移来检测。光子倍增器检测相移并产生电信号。信号调节装置修改电信号以产生与声波相关的平均信号，该平均信号又与物体的物理或冶金特性（例如温度）相关，该属性然后可用于控制该过程。使用工件的外部随机振动来产生可辨别的信号，只有一个光子倍增器可以在干涉仪中感测到这些信号。此外，干涉仪包括用于优化其灵敏度的装置，从而可以在不透明物体中检测归因于各种波的运动。干涉仪还包括用于感测具有产生斑点光图案的粗糙表面的物体的机构。最后，干涉仪本身，添加第二个光子倍增器能够仅用一个读数精确地记录光束长度的距离差。

135. 发明授权

US5070483A Remote seismic sensing 失效
标题翻译：遥感地震检测
公开(公告)号：US5070483A
公开(公告)日：1991-12-03
申请号：US464041
申请日：1990-01-12
申请人： Albert J. Berni
发明人： Albert J. Berni
IPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G01S17/50 , G01V1/00 , G01V1/18
CPC分类号： G01V1/181 , G01H9/00 , G01S17/50 , G01V1/008
摘要： Methods and apparatus are provided for sensing motions of the earth caused by seismic waves from the doppler shift of reflected electromagnetic waves. The apparatus is based on a heterodyne continuous wave laser system.
摘要翻译：提供了用于感测由反射电磁波的多普勒偏移的地震波引起的地球运动的方法和装置。该装置基于外差连续波激光系统。

136. 发明授权

US4968144A Single beam AC interferometer 失效
标题翻译：单光束交流干涉仪
公开(公告)号：US4968144A
公开(公告)日：1990-11-06
申请号：US321103
申请日：1989-03-09
申请人： Robert L. Thomas , Pao-Kuang Kuo , Lawrence D. Favro
发明人： Robert L. Thomas , Pao-Kuang Kuo , Lawrence D. Favro
IPC分类号： G01N21/27 , G01H9/00 , G01J9/02 , G01N3/06 , G01N21/17 , G01N21/55 , G01N29/24
CPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G01N21/171 , G01N29/2418 , G01J9/02 , G01N2203/0641 , G01N2291/0427
摘要： A single beam interferometer (10) comprises an intensity modulated laser beam (16) having a focus area for heating a test area (18) on the surface of a sample (12) producing a thermal bump (20). An unfocused probe laser beam (30) is directed toward the solid at an angle and has a beam area greater than the focus area of the heating beam (16). The sample (12) has a reflective surface for reflecting the probe beam (30). The reflected beam (31) comprises an AC beam portion (32) refracted by the thermal bump (20) and a DC beam portion (34) reflected off the unheated surface of the sample (12). The interference pattern (36) produced by the reflected beam (31) is detected and processed to obtain optical, elastic and thermal parameters of the sample (12).
摘要翻译：单光束干涉仪（10）包括强度调制激光束（16），其具有用于加热产生热凸块（20）的样品（12）的表面上的测试区域（18）的聚焦区域。未聚焦的探针激光束（30）以一定角度指向固体并且具有大于加热束（16）的聚焦区域的光束面积。样品（12）具有用于反射探测光束（30）的反射表面。反射光束（31）包括由热凸块（20）折射的AC光束部分（32）和从样品（12）的未加热表面反射的DC光束部分（34）。检测并处理由反射光束（31）产生的干涉图案（36）以获得样品（12）的光学，弹性和热参数。

137. 发明授权

US4872348A Signal added vibration transducer 失效
标题翻译：信号增加振动传感器
公开(公告)号：US4872348A
公开(公告)日：1989-10-10
申请号：US149376
申请日：1988-01-28
申请人： Stephen J. Curry
发明人： Stephen J. Curry
IPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G01H11/02 , G01P15/093 , G01P15/11
CPC分类号： G01P15/093 , G01H11/02 , G01H9/00 , G01P15/11
摘要： A transducer for measuring vibrations is formed of a case with a vibratory element mounted therein by means of a disk spring which is constrained to vibrate with the vibratory element in a single direction. Optical or magnetic sensors are located in registration with opposed ends of the vibratory element to produce optically or magnetically induced signals having a modulation thereon resulting from vibration of the vibratory element. The use of pairs of the sensors improves signal-to-noise ratio while allowing for increased bandwidth of the transducer in the measurement of vibration.
摘要翻译：用于测量振动的换能器由具有振动元件的壳体形成，振动元件通过盘弹簧安装在其中，所述盘簧被限制为沿着单个方向与振动元件振动。光学或磁性传感器被定位成与振动元件的相对端配准，以产生由振动元件的振动导致的调制的光学或磁感应信号。使用成对的传感器可以提高信噪比，同时允许传感器在振动测量中增加带宽。

138. 发明授权

US4850225A Measuring vibrational frequency of vibratable pins 失效
标题翻译：测量振动针脚的振动频率
公开(公告)号：US4850225A
公开(公告)日：1989-07-25
申请号：US264368
申请日：1988-10-31
申请人： Wayne G. Chen , Newman K. Lin
发明人： Wayne G. Chen , Newman K. Lin
IPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G01M99/00 , G01N29/24
CPC分类号： G01M99/00 , G01H9/00 , G01N29/2418
摘要： Measuring vibrational frequency of a pin attached at one end by collimating two laser beams onto the pin and back scattering the beams. The back scattered frequency is modulated by doppler effect and is heterodyned with the original beam frequency to produce a signal representative of each modulating frequency. The representative signals are summed together and also subtracted from one another. The summed and subtracted signals are representative, one of the vibrational frequency of the pin and the other of the degree of focussing accuracy of each laser beam onto the pin.
摘要翻译：通过将两个激光束准直到引脚上并且使光束分散，来测量在一端附接的引脚的振动频率。背散射频率由多普勒效应调制，并与原始波束频率进行外差，以产生表示每个调制频率的信号。代表信号被相加在一起并且彼此相减。相加和相减的信号代表着引脚的振动频率和每个激光束在引脚上的聚焦度的另一个。

139. 发明授权

US4662225A Seismic detector 失效
标题翻译：地震探测器
公开(公告)号：US4662225A
公开(公告)日：1987-05-05
申请号：US729117
申请日：1985-04-30
申请人： Hiroshi Koh , Takashi Tokuyama
发明人： Hiroshi Koh , Takashi Tokuyama
IPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G01V1/18 , G01N29/00
CPC分类号： G01V1/181 , G01H9/00
摘要： The disclosure is directed to an improved a seismic detector comprising: a container for containing liquid therein, liquid means being contained in the bottom of the container, a source of light for illuminating the inside of the container, a sensor means having at least one photoelectric device for transforming the light inside the container into electric signals, and a signal processor means for generating an output when the output of the sensor means exceeds a predetermined value.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种改进的地震检测器，包括：用于在其中容纳液体的容器，容纳在容器底部的液体装置，用于照亮容器内部的光源，具有至少一个光电用于将容器内的光转换成电信号的装置，以及用于当传感器装置的输出超过预定值时产生输出的信号处理装置。

140. 发明授权

US4648274A Photoelastic measuring transducer and accelerometer based thereon 失效
标题翻译：基于光弹测量传感器和加速度计
公开(公告)号：US4648274A
公开(公告)日：1987-03-10
申请号：US763152
申请日：1985-08-07
申请人： Michael N. Trainer
发明人： Michael N. Trainer
IPC分类号： G01D5/26 , G01H9/00 , G01L1/24 , G02F1/01 , G01B11/18
CPC分类号： G02F1/0131 , G01H9/00
摘要： A photoelastic transducer is constructed with a photoelastic element receiving a 45.degree. polarized light beam with a wave plate providing a 90.degree. phase displacement in its orthogonal components. The element has reflective surface coatings to produce multiple internal reflections so as to lengthen the optical path, and increase the sensitivity of the unit. Analysis of the orthogonal outputs can be according to the difference divided by the sum with one of the outputs being multiplied by the ratio of the D.C. component of the other output to its D.C. component, for the purpose of compensating for changes in tramsmission of the two signals. Alternatively, the signal analysis can be in accordance with the difference between the rates of change of the two signals with each rate of change being multiplied by a factor which is proportional to the square root of the ratio of the other signal to the present signal, for the purpose of compensating for changes in the wave plate dimensions due to factors such as temperature change.
摘要翻译：光弹性传感器由光弹性元件构成，光弹元件接收45°偏振光束，其波片在其正交分量中提供90°相位位移。该元件具有反射表面涂层以产生多个内部反射，以便延长光路，并增加单元的灵敏度。正交输出的分析可以根据除以与其中一个输出相乘的和乘以另一个输出的直流分量与其直流分量的比的差值，以补偿两个交通事件的交通变化信号。或者，信号分析可以根据每个变化率的两个信号的变化率之间的差乘以与另一个信号与当前信号的比率的平方根成比例的因子，为了补偿由于诸如温度变化的因素导致的波片尺寸的变化。

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