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111. 发明授权

US4201648A Nickel recovery from sulfur-deficient mattes 失效
标题翻译：从硫缺乏的哑光中回收镍
公开(公告)号：US4201648A
公开(公告)日：1980-05-06
申请号：US26448
申请日：1979-04-02
申请人： Kojur N. Subramanian , Norman C. Nissen , John A. Thomas
发明人： Kojur N. Subramanian , Norman C. Nissen , John A. Thomas
IPC分类号： C22B23/00 , C01G53/04 , C25C1/08
CPC分类号： C01G53/04 , C22B23/043 , C22B23/0461 , C01P2006/82
摘要： A nickel matte in which the atomic ratio of S:(Ni+Co+Cu) is less than 0.7 is fragmented and slurried with water or an aqueous nickel sulfate solution to ensure that the S:(Ni+Co+Cu) ratio for the slurry as a whole exceeds 0.4, the slurry is heated under pressure in the presence of oxygen to form a basic nickel sulfate and the reacted slurry is treated with lime to convert the basic nickel sulfate to nickel hydroxide. The nickel hydroxide is then separated from gypsum by physical separation and thereafter dissolved in spent sulfate electrolyte to generate fresh electrolyte from which nickel can be electrowon.
摘要翻译：其中S：（Ni + Co + Cu）的原子比小于0.7的镍锍碎片化并用水或硫酸镍水溶液进行浆化，以确保S：（Ni + Co + Cu）浆料整体超过0.4，在氧气存在下将浆料加压，形成碱式硫酸镍，用石灰处理反应后的浆料，将碱式硫酸镍转化为氢氧化镍。然后通过物理分离将氢氧化镍与石膏分离，然后溶解在废硫酸盐电解质中以产生新鲜的电解质，镍可从其中电解。

112. 发明授权

US4152395A Process for the production of free-flowing directly compactable uranium dioxide powder with adjustable sintering properties and apparatus for this process 失效
标题翻译：用于生产具有可调节烧结特性的直接可压缩二氧化铀粉末的方法和该方法的装置
公开(公告)号：US4152395A
公开(公告)日：1979-05-01
申请号：US801245
申请日：1977-05-27
申请人： Paul Borner , Hans-Jorg Isensee , Horst Vietzke
发明人： Paul Borner , Hans-Jorg Isensee , Horst Vietzke
IPC分类号： C01G43/01 , C01G43/025 , C01G43/02
CPC分类号： C01G43/025 , C01G43/01 , C01P2004/32 , C01P2004/50 , C01P2004/61 , C01P2006/10 , C01P2006/12 , C01P2006/20 , C01P2006/80 , C01P2006/82
摘要： There is provided a process for the production of pourable, directly compactable uranium dioxide powder by continuous precipitation of uranium peroxide from a stirred uranyl nitrate solution at a pH of 1 - 2.5 with hydrogen peroxide, calcining of the peroxide at 500.degree.- 800.degree. C. and subsequent reduction at 550.degree.- 750.degree. C. The precipitation solution contains 70 - 150 g/l of uranium and 0.80 g/l of ammonium nitrate and is treated with 15 - 20% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution in the ratio of U:H.sub.2 O.sub.2 from 1:1.5 to 1:3 and there is led through the solution a mixture of ammonia and air having an air-ammonia volume ratio of 1:0.3 - 0.6. An apparatus for carrying out the process is also described. SUBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONThe present invention is directed to a process and apparatus for the production of directly pressable (moldable) uranium dioxide powder from uranium peroxide (UO.sub.4.xH.sub.2 O) which is continuously precipitated from uranyl nitrate solution whereby by variation of the precipitation conditions as well as the temperature in the subsequent calcination and reduction the properties of the UO.sub.2 powder are so regulated that in the pressing and sintering of tablets (pellets) it is possible to vary the sintered density in the large range of 75-95% of the theoretical density without additional conditioning steps such as plasticizing, granulating or sieving.In order to take steps against the swelling of the fuel at the higher burn-up rates in modern light water reactors, the sintered density in the UO.sub.2 pellets has been reduced from 95% of the theoretical density partially up to 90%. Such a variation of the sintered density is not possible with the previously known processes for the production of uranium dioxide and of the thus obtained powders. The future reactor generation, the sodium cooled breeder reactor, however, must contain pellets with a sintered density of only 80-85% of the theoretical density. For this purpose, the presently known processes for the production of uranium dioxide powder must employ a conditioning of the UO.sub.2 powders. Either the entire UO.sub.2 powder must be subsequently calcined at 1100.degree.-1400.degree. C. or be mixed with a large portion of highly calcined UO.sub.2. Such powders, however, are inclined partially to resintering which cannot be permitted for the operation of the reactor since the fuel elements are damaged thereby.There have become known a series of precipitation processes according to which sinterable UO.sub.2 is produced from uranyl nitrate solutions. However, there are only a few processes, as, e.g., via the precipitation of ammonium uranyl carbonate, with which it is possible to produce a free-flowing UO.sub.2 powder which permits a direct pressing of UO.sub.2 pellets without pretreatment. With all known processes, however, there is formed a UO.sub.2 powder from which there can only be produced pellets with relatively high sintered density.Therefore, it was the problem of the present invention to find a process and apparatus for the production of a free-flowing uranium dioxide powder which could be directly compacted and worked to pellets with an adjustable sintered density of 75-95% of the theoretical density without granulating or other aftertreatment.SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThis problem was solved by producing the uranium dioxide powder by continuous precipitation of uranium peroxide from uranyl nitrate solution with hydrogen peroxide, calcining the peroxide at 500.degree.-800.degree. C. and subsequently reducing it at 550.degree.-750.degree. C. According to the invention, the precipitation solution contains 70-150 g/l of uranium and 0-80 g/l of ammonium nitrate. To this solution there is added a 15 to 20% aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution in the ratio of U:H.sub.2 O.sub.2 of from 1:1.5 to 1:3 and there is led through the solution an ammonia-air mixture with an air to ammonia volume ratio of 1:0.3 to 1:0.6. The pH of the solution must be adjusted to 1-2.5 and additionally the reaction mixture is stirred. When ammonium nitrate is employed, it usually is present in an amount of at most 80 g/l.Preferably the precipitation solution contains 90-120 g/l of uranium, is treated with a 17.5% hydrogen peroxide solution, and an air-ammonia mixture having a volume ratio of 1:0.45 is led through and the pH is adjusted to 1.5-2.It is especially advantageous if the circulation rate of the reaction mixture is regulated to such an extent by the stirring that the entire volume of liquid passes the stirrer 2-4 times a minute, preferably 3 times a minute, when the ammonia-air mixture is led in at a distance of 80-120 mm, preferably 100 mm above the inlet of the uranyl nitrate and the H.sub.2 O.sub.2 solution is introduced 40-60 mm, preferably 50 mm above the inlet for the ammonia-air mixture.The uranyl nitrate solution used generally contains 0.5 N free HNO.sub.3 and is preferably produced by dissolving U.sub.3 O.sub.8 with HNO.sub.3. These solutions are used to produce less sinterable UO.sub.2 powder, i.e., for the production of pellets with lower sintered density, for production of highly sinterable UO.sub.2 powder (i.e., high sintered density), there is added to the precipitation solution up to 80 g/l of ammonium nitrate.The calcining can take place in air. The reduction takes place using a conventional reducing medium, e.g., hydrogen.The flowability and sintering properties of the UO.sub.2 powder are primarily influenced by the shape of the uranium peroxide precipitate. This must be spherical and remain constant during the entire time of precipitation. The uniformity of the precipitation is obtained by using a special precipitation apparatus.
摘要翻译：并通过该溶液引导空气与氨的体积比为1:0.3至1:0.6的氨 - 空气混合物。溶液的pH值必须调至1-2.5，另外搅拌反应混合物。当使用硝酸铵时，其通常以至多80g / l的量存在。

113. 发明授权

US4122161A Amorphous precipitate silica compositions 失效
标题翻译：无定形沉淀二氧化硅组合物
公开(公告)号：US4122161A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-24
申请号：US559476
申请日：1975-03-18
申请人： Satish K. Wason
发明人： Satish K. Wason
IPC分类号： C01B33/187 , A61K8/00 , A61K8/25 , A61Q11/00 , C09C1/00 , C09C1/28 , C09C1/30 , A61K7/16
CPC分类号： A61K8/25 , A61Q11/00 , C09C1/30 , C01P2002/02 , C01P2004/50 , C01P2004/51 , C01P2004/61 , C01P2004/62 , C01P2006/10 , C01P2006/12 , C01P2006/19 , C01P2006/82 , C01P2006/90
摘要： A process for producing precipitated silicic acid products having new and improved properties is disclosed. The silica products are produced by the simultaneous introduction of a solution of an alkali metal silicate and an acid, such as sulfuric acid, into an aqueous receiving medium which contains a salt or electrolyte. The pH of the aqueous receiving medium is adjusted prior to the introduction of the acid and silicate so that it is the same or equal to that pH at which the precipitation of the pigment is effected. The electrolyte is preferably a metal salt of the acid used for acidulation of the silicate. The acid and silicate are added to the receiving medium at a rate such that the precipitating pH is maintained constant. The products of the invention are characterized by their high abrasiveness and have a relative cleaning ability or scale (RCS) equivalent to high grade phosphates used as polishing agents in toothpastes and a superior fluoride compatibility to that of said phosphates. The silicates used in the process are preferably those which are partially polymerized and have a SiO.sub.2 /Na.sub.2 O ratio of at least 2.0.
摘要翻译：公开了一种具有新的和改进的性质的沉淀硅酸产品的制备方法。二氧化硅产物通过将碱金属硅酸盐和酸如硫酸的溶液同时引入含有盐或电解质的含水接收介质来制备。在引入酸和硅酸盐之前调节含水接收介质的pH，使其与实现颜料沉淀的pH相同或相等。电解质优选是用于酸化硅酸盐的酸的金属盐。将酸和硅酸盐以使得沉淀pH保持恒定的速率加入到接收介质中。本发明的产品的特征在于它们的高磨损性，并且具有与用于牙膏中抛光剂的高级磷酸盐相当的相对清洁能力或比例尺（RCS），并且与所述磷酸盐的氟化物相容性优异。在该方法中使用的硅酸盐优选是部分聚合并且SiO 2 / Na 2 O比为至少2.0的那些。

114. 发明授权

US4040858A Preparation of precipitated silicas having controlled refractive index 失效
$Preparation of precipitated silicas having controlled refractive index$
标题翻译：具有受控折射率的沉淀二氧化硅的制备
公开(公告)号：US4040858A
公开(公告)日：1977-08-09
申请号：US693591
申请日：1976-06-07
申请人： Satish K. Wason
发明人： Satish K. Wason
IPC分类号： A61K8/22 , A61K8/25 , A61Q11/00 , C01B33/193 , C09C1/28 , C09C1/30 , C09K3/14
CPC分类号： A61K8/25 , A61Q11/00 , C01B33/193 , C01B33/2807 , C09C1/3045 , C09K3/1409 , A61K2800/262 , C01P2002/02 , C01P2004/50 , C01P2006/10 , C01P2006/11 , C01P2006/12 , C01P2006/19 , C01P2006/60 , C01P2006/80 , C01P2006/82 , C01P2006/90
摘要： A method for producing precipitated silicas and silicates having a unique combination of physical and chemical properties is disclosed wherein the silicas are produced by acidulating alkali metal silicate solutions. The refractive index of the silicas is controlled within desired ranges by the addition of an adduct material, such as aluminum, during the reaction. The products can be used as abrasive and polishing agents in dentifrice compositions, in the production of molecular sieves, in paints and the like.
摘要翻译：公开了一种具有独特的物理和化学性质组合的沉淀二氧化硅和硅酸盐的方法，其中二氧化硅是通过酸化碱金属硅酸盐溶液制备的。在反应期间，通过加入加合物材料（例如铝）将二氧化硅的折射率控制在所需范围内。该产品可用作洁牙剂组合物中的研磨剂和抛光剂，在分子筛的生产中，涂料等中使用。

115. 发明授权

US4039582A Method of preparing vanadium pentoxide 失效
标题翻译：五氧化二钒的制备方法
公开(公告)号：US4039582A
公开(公告)日：1977-08-02
申请号：US716900
申请日：1976-08-23
申请人： Gakif Zakirovich Nasyrov , Izabella Vladislayovna Ravdonikas
发明人： Gakif Zakirovich Nasyrov , Izabella Vladislayovna Ravdonikas
IPC分类号： C01G31/00 , C01G31/02
CPC分类号： C01G31/02 , C01G31/00 , C01P2006/82
摘要： The invention relates to methods of preparing vanadium pentoxide from a vanadium-containing solution, and more particularly, from a sodium vanadate solution. The method consists in that the solution is treated at a pH of 4 to 6 with ammonium chloride or sulphate to prepare an ammonium-vandate salt precipitate which is then dissolved in hot water, and recrystallized by a mineral acid. The new precipitate of the ammonium-vanadate salt is calcined to prepare vanadium pentoxide. The advantage of the proposed method is a highly increased degree of precipitation of the ammonium-vanadate salt from the solution of sodium vanadate and a corresponding decrease of vanadium loss with wastes to at least four times.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及从含钒溶液制备五氧化二钒的方法，更具体地说，涉及从钒酸钠溶液制备五氧化二钒的方法。该方法的特征在于，用氯化铵或硫酸盐将pH为4至6的溶液处理，以制备铵 - 钒酸盐沉淀物，然后将其溶于热水中，并用无机酸重结晶。将铵 - 钒酸盐的新沉淀物煅烧以制备五氧化二钒。所提出的方法的优点是从钒酸钠溶液中铵 - 钒酸盐的沉淀程度高，并且相应地将废物的钒损失降低至至少四次。

116. 发明授权

US4029514A Method of precipitating microfine silica using phosphate 失效
标题翻译：使用磷酸盐沉淀微细二氧化硅的方法
公开(公告)号：US4029514A
公开(公告)日：1977-06-14
申请号：US584804
申请日：1975-06-09
申请人： Klaus Robert Lange
发明人： Klaus Robert Lange
IPC分类号： C01B25/41 , C01B33/18 , C08K3/36 , C09C1/30 , C09C1/28
CPC分类号： C09C1/3045 , C01B25/41 , C01B33/18 , C08K3/36 , C01P2004/61 , C01P2004/80 , C01P2006/12 , C01P2006/14 , C01P2006/16 , C01P2006/82 , C01P2006/90 , Y10T428/2991 , Y10T428/2993
摘要： The addition of sodium phosphate to a dilute solution of alkali metal silicate, precipitates microfine silica that is readily dispersible.
摘要翻译：将磷酸钠加入碱金属硅酸盐的稀溶液中，析出易分散的微细二氧化硅。

117. 发明授权

US3947557A Zinc complexes of basic aluminum bromides and methods of making same 失效
标题翻译：碱性溴化铝的锌络合物及其制备方法
公开(公告)号：US3947557A
公开(公告)日：1976-03-30
申请号：US583381
申请日：1975-06-03
申请人： John L. Jones , Andrew M. Rubino , Charles B. Lindahl
发明人： John L. Jones , Andrew M. Rubino , Charles B. Lindahl
IPC分类号： A61K8/28 , A61Q15/00 , C01F7/56 , C01F7/64 , C01G25/00 , C01G25/04 , C01F7/00 , C01F7/48 , C01G9/04
CPC分类号： A61Q15/00 , A61K8/28 , C01F7/64 , C01G25/006 , C01P2006/82
摘要： Alcohol soluble complexes of basic aluminum bromides may be prepared by adding zirconyl or zinc bromide or chloride, or zirconyl hydroxychloride or hydroxybromide, or mixtures of the above chlorides and bromides to an aqueous solution of five-sixths basic aluminum bromide, and drying the resulting mixture to a substantially friable solid, such as by vacuum or spray drying. The complexes preferably have an Al/Zn or Al/Zr mol ratio of about 3:1 to 20:1, and the complex solids preferably contain about 15 to 30 weight percent water by Karl Fischer analysis. Such complex solids have a high degree of solubility in anhydrous alcohol and a high compatibility with halogenated hydrocarbons. These properties make the complexes suitable for aerosol formulations and particularly antiperspirant compositions.
摘要翻译：碱性溴化铝的醇溶性复合物可以通过将溴化锆或溴化锌或氯化锆或羟基溴化物或羟基溴化物或上述氯化物和溴化物的混合物加入到五分之六碱性溴化铝的水溶液中并将所得混合物到基本上易碎的固体，例如通过真空或喷雾干燥。配合物优选具有约3:1至20:1的Al / Zn或Al / Zr摩尔比，并且通过卡尔费休分析，络合物固体优选含有约15至30重量％的水。这种复合固体在无水醇中的溶解度高，与卤代烃的高相容性。这些性质使复合物适用于气雾剂，特别是止汗组合物。

118. 发明授权

US3909286A Modified, precipitated alumino silicate pigments 失效
标题翻译：改性沉淀铝硅酸盐颜料
公开(公告)号：US3909286A
公开(公告)日：1975-09-30
申请号：US45249674
申请日：1974-03-18
申请人： HUBER CORP J M
发明人： FITTON ROBERT C
IPC分类号： C09C1/40 , C09C1/02 , C09C1/28
CPC分类号： C01B33/42 , B82Y30/00 , C01B33/26 , C01B33/40 , C01B33/46 , C01P2004/62 , C01P2004/64 , C01P2006/10 , C01P2006/11 , C01P2006/12 , C01P2006/19 , C01P2006/60 , C01P2006/80 , C01P2006/82 , C01P2006/90 , C09C1/405
摘要： Novel alkali aluminum silicate particulates, modified with and containing a chemically bound alkaline earth metal, are disclosed. The alumino silicate pigments contain an alkaline earth metal, preferably calcium or magnesium, in addition to an alkali metal, such as sodium. In chemical composition, the pigments contain oxides of the alkaline earth metal, the alkali metal, aluminum and silicon and are distinguishable from coprecipitates. The pigments are prepared by introducing dilute solutions of an alkali silicate and an aluminum salt of a mineral acid into an agitated aqueous receiving medium containing an alkaline earth salt or hydroxide. The pH of the fluid reaction medium may be controlled to form finely divided precipitated particulates having improved properties and which may be used as pigments in paper, paint, rubber, inks, plastics, and the like.
摘要翻译：公开了改性并含有化学键合的碱土金属的新的碱铝硅酸盐颗粒。除了碱金属如钠之外，铝硅酸盐颜料还含有碱土金属，优选钙或镁。在化学组成中，颜料含有碱土金属，碱金属，铝和硅的氧化物，并且与共沉淀物是可区分的。通过将无机酸的碱性硅酸盐和铝盐的稀释溶液引入到含有碱土金属盐或氢氧化物的搅拌的含水接收介质中来制备颜料。可以控制流体反应介质的pH以形成具有改进性能的细分散沉淀颗粒，并且其可以用作纸，油漆，橡胶，油墨，塑料等中的颜料。

119. 发明授权

US3816154A Silica gel flatting agent 失效
标题翻译：硅胶凝胶剂
公开(公告)号：US3816154A
公开(公告)日：1974-06-11
申请号：US36153873
申请日：1973-05-18
申请人： MC GOURY T , BALDYGA H
发明人： BALDYGA H , MC GOURY T
IPC分类号： C09D5/00 , C09C1/30 , C09D7/00 , C08H17/00
CPC分类号： C09C1/309 , C01P2004/61 , C01P2004/80 , C01P2006/82 , C09C3/08 , C09C3/10 , C09D7/42
摘要： A very effective flatting agent for varnishes and lacquers is a silica gel which has been melt-coated with a miscible mixture of a wax and an organic fatty acid. The wax and the fatty acid should have a melting point above about 40*C, with the melting point of the wax and the fatty acid being less than the decomposition point of either of these components. The silica gel has an average particle size between about 2 microns and 10 microns, and preferably has a very narrow particle size distribution. When admixed into a lacquer or varnish, these silica gels create a light diffusing surface which gives the visual effect of a dull finish.
摘要翻译：用于清漆和漆的非常有效的消光剂是硅胶，其已经用蜡和有机脂肪酸的可混溶混合物熔融涂覆。蜡和脂肪酸应具有高于约40℃的熔点，蜡的熔点和脂肪酸小于这些组分中的任一个的分解点。硅胶具有约2微米至10微米的平均粒度，并且优选具有非常窄的粒度分布。当混合到漆或清漆中时，这些硅胶产生光漫射表面，使其具有无光泽的视觉效果。

120. 发明授权

US3803283A Method for agglomerating finely divided materials 失效
标题翻译：用于聚合精细分层材料的方法
公开(公告)号：US3803283A
公开(公告)日：1974-04-09
申请号：US18611371
申请日：1971-10-04
申请人： HUBER CORP J M
发明人： ODOM P , TAKEWELL R , BRANDON P
IPC分类号： B01J2/12
CPC分类号： B01J2/12 , C01P2004/32 , C01P2004/50 , C01P2004/51 , C01P2004/61 , C01P2004/62 , C01P2006/10 , C01P2006/20 , C01P2006/22 , C01P2006/82
摘要： AN IMPROVED METHOD FOR AGGLOMERATING FINELY DIVIDED POWDERS IS DISCLOSED. THE METHOD INVOLVES INTRODUCING A FINELY DIVIDED MATERIAL, SUCH AS CLAY, WHICH HAS A MINIMUM LEVEL OF A WETTING AGENT, INTO A ROTATING DRUM; TUMBLING THE MATERIAL IN THE DRUM AND THEREAFTER CONTACTING THE TUMBLING MATERIAL WITH A LIQUID WETTING AGENT AT A POINT WHEREIN THE MATERIAL BEGINS TO CURL AND TUMBLE BACK OVER ITSELF. CERTAIN CRITICAL SPRAY ANGLES AND ANGLES OF INCLINATION ARE DISCLOSED. THE AGGLOMERATED PRODUCT IS FREE-FLOWING WITH NEGLIGIBLE DUSTING AND HAS A SIZE RANGE WHICH EXHIBITS MAXIMUM EFFECTIVE PACKING DENSITY AND ATTRITION RESISTANCE.

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