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    • 92. 发明授权
    • Phase shift mask using liquid phase oxide deposition
    • 使用液相氧化物沉积的相移掩模
    • US5470681A
    • 1995-11-28
    • US173394
    • 1993-12-23
    • Timothy A. BrunnerDerek B. DoveLouis L. Hsu
    • Timothy A. BrunnerDerek B. DoveLouis L. Hsu
    • G03F1/30H01L21/027G03F9/00
    • G03F1/30
    • Selective deposition of silica from a liquid phase solution of silica in hydrofluorosilicic acid through openings in a pattern of polyimide or similar organic material provides an optically improved phase shift mask structure for making lithographic exposures since deposition can be made substantially anisotropic to yield deposits of substantially uniform thickness. Deposition from the liquid phase is readily controlled and highly predictable control of deposition rate can be achieved by control of temperature of a low temperature deposition process. Therefore the optical quality of the mask need not be compromised by other structures, such as etch stop layers, otherwise necessary to achieve high phase shift accuracy and the deposits of phase shift material are substantially homogeneous. The process of deposition from the liquid phase can be stopped and started at will and the mask can be fabricated by a process which is substantially free from material-dependent or material-based process restrictions. The index of refraction of the deposited material can also be adjusted by annealing.
    • 从二氧化硅的液相溶液中选择性沉积二氧化硅在氢氟硅酸中通过聚酰亚胺或类似有机材料图案的开口提供光学改进的相移掩模结构,用于制备平版印刷曝光,因为沉积可以基本上是各向异性的,以产生基本均匀的沉积物 厚度。 易于控制液相的沉积,可以通过控制低温沉积工艺的温度来实现沉积速率的高度可预测的控制。 因此,掩模的光学质量不需要被其它结构(例如蚀刻停止层)所影响,否则为实现高相移精度而必需,并且相移材料的沉积基本上是均匀的。 可以停止从液相沉积的过程并且随意开始,并且可以通过基本上不含材料依赖或基于材料的工艺限制的方法来制造掩模。 沉积材料的折射率也可以通过退火进行调整。
    • 95. 发明授权
    • Refractory metal capped low resistivity metal conductor lines and vias
    • 耐火金属封盖的低电阻金属导线和通孔
    • US5300813A
    • 1994-04-05
    • US841967
    • 1992-02-26
    • Rajiv V. JoshiJerome J. CuomoHormazdyar M. DalalLouis L. Hsu
    • Rajiv V. JoshiJerome J. CuomoHormazdyar M. DalalLouis L. Hsu
    • H01L21/28H01L21/312H01L21/316H01L21/318H01L21/768H01L23/498H01L23/522H01L23/532H01L29/440H01L29/460
    • H01L21/76843H01L21/76838H01L21/7684H01L21/76847H01L21/76849H01L21/76852H01L21/76877H01L23/49866H01L23/53223H01L23/53228H01L23/53233H01L23/53238H01L2924/0002H01L2924/09701Y10S148/015Y10S257/915Y10S438/959
    • A contact structure for a semiconductor device having a first refractory metal layer formed only at the bottom of a contact hole. The first refractory metal is selected from a group comprising titanium (Ti), titanium alloys or compounds such as Ti/TiN, tungsten (W), titanium/tungsten (Ti/W) alloys, or chromium (Cr) or tantalum (Ta) and their alloys or some other suitable material. A low resistivity layer comprising a single, binary or ternary metalization is deposited over the first refractory metal layer in the contact hole by a method such as PVD using evaporation or collimated sputtering. The low resistivity layer has side walls which taper inwardly toward one another with increasing height of the layer and the low resistivity layer does not contact the side walls of the contact hole. The low resistivity layer may be Al.sub.x Cu.sub.y (x+y=1; x.gtoreq.0, y.gtoreq.0), ternary alloys such as Al-Pd-Cu or multicomponent alloys such as Al-Pd-Nb-Au. A second refractory metal layer is deposited over the low resistivity layer. The second refractory metal layer may be tungsten, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum or alloys/compounds such as Ti/TiN. The first and second refractory metal layers completely encapsulate the low resistivity layer. The first and second refractory metal layers can comprise an alloy containing silicon with a higher incorporated silicon content near the top of the contact hold present as a distinct or graded composition than at a location closer to the bottom of the contact hole.
    • 一种用于半导体器件的接触结构,其具有仅在接触孔的底部形成的第一难熔金属层。 第一难熔金属选自钛(Ti),钛合金或Ti / TiN,钨(W),钛/钨(Ti / W)合金或铬(Cr)或钽(Ta) 及其合金或其他合适的材料。 包含单一二元或三元金属化的低电阻率层通过诸如使用蒸发或准直溅射的PVD的方法沉积在接触孔中的第一难熔金属层上。 低电阻率层具有随着层的高度逐渐向内逐渐向内逐渐变细的侧壁,低电阻层不接触接触孔的侧壁。 低电阻率层可以是AlxCuy(x + y = 1; x> = 0,y> = 0),诸如Al-Pd-Cu的三元合金或诸如Al-Pd-Nb-Au的多组分合金。 在低电阻率层上沉积第二难熔金属层。 第二耐火金属层可以是钨,钴,镍,钼或诸如Ti / TiN的合金/化合物。 第一和第二难熔金属层完全封装低电阻率层。 第一和第二难熔金属层可以包含含有硅的合金,其中接合保持层的顶部附近具有更高的掺入硅含量,作为不同或分级的组成,而不是靠近接触孔底部的位置。
    • 100. 发明授权
    • Techniques for impeding reverse engineering
    • 阻止逆向工程的技术
    • US08324102B2
    • 2012-12-04
    • US13169248
    • 2011-06-27
    • Louis L. HsuRajiv V. JoshiDavid W. Kruger
    • Louis L. HsuRajiv V. JoshiDavid W. Kruger
    • H01L21/00
    • H01L21/76816H01L21/76825H01L21/76831H01L21/76834H01L23/573H01L27/02H01L27/0203H01L2924/0002H01L2924/00
    • Anti-reverse engineering techniques are provided. In one aspect, a method for forming at least one feature in an insulating layer is provided. The method comprises the following steps. Ions are selectively implanted in the insulating layer so as to form at least one implant region within the insulating layer, the implanted ions being configured to alter an etch rate through the insulating layer within the implant region. The insulating layer is etched to, at the same time, form at least one void both within the implant region and outside of the implant region, wherein the etch rate through the insulating layer within the implant region is different from an etch rate through the insulating layer outside of the implant region. The void is filled with at least one conductor material to form the feature in the insulating layer.
    • 提供了反逆向工程技术。 一方面,提供了一种在绝缘层中形成至少一个特征的方法。 该方法包括以下步骤。 离子选择性地植入绝缘层中,以在绝缘层内形成至少一个注入区域,所述注入离子被配置为改变通过植入区域内的绝缘层的蚀刻速率。 蚀刻绝缘层,同时在植入区域内和植入区域外部形成至少一个空隙,其中通过绝缘层在植入区域内的蚀刻速率与通过绝缘体的蚀刻速率不同 在植入区域外侧。 空隙填充有至少一种导体材料以在绝缘层中形成特征。