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    • 8. 发明申请
    • Automatic mixing and dilution methods and apparatus for online characterization of equilibrium and non-equilibrium properties of solutions containing polymers and/or colloids
    • 自动混合和稀释的方法和设备的含聚合物和/或胶体溶液的平衡和非平衡性质的在线表征
    • US20040004717A1
    • 2004-01-08
    • US10442676
    • 2003-05-21
    • Wayne F. Reed
    • G01N021/00
    • G01N35/1097G01N15/0211G01N15/14G01N15/1434G01N21/49G01N21/51G01N21/53G01N30/02G01N30/74G01N35/08G01N35/085G01N2011/0046G01N2015/0092G01N2015/0216G01N2015/025G01N2015/0693G01N2021/4711G01N2021/4716G01N2021/4719G01N2021/513G01N2201/0218B01D15/34
    • A method involving the automatic, online dilution of polymer and/or colloid solutions, such that, when the diluted polymer stream flows through suitable detectors, non-equilibrium processes, such as polymerization, degradation and aggregation, can be monitored. The dilution involves a reacting or stock solution of polymer and/or colloid, and at least one solvent. The online dilution technique can also be used to assess the effects of solvent quality and other solutes on polymer/colloid characteristics and reactions, and also permits equilibrium characterization of polymers/colloids by making a single stock solution of the polymer/colloid. A device is developed that is capable of automatically and continuously extracting fluid from a polymer-containing vessel and mixing this with a solvent such that the final fluid is dilute enough that single particle light scattering, spectrophotometric and other measurements can be made on it. Whereas many sampling and dilution devices exist, the novelty of this invention consists in its ability to deal with very high viscosities, including those laden with bubbles, and to introduce only a short delay time between sampling and measurement. The device is ideally suited for situations where the viscosity of the polymer-containing vessel changes over a wide range during the course of a reaction; e.g. polymerization, polymer degradation, aggregation, and others. Furthermore, provision is made for modular conditioning stages, such as changing solvent conditions, evaporating monomer, filtering, etc. The amount of sample actually withdrawn for measurement is very low, normally on the order of 0.25 ml to 5 ml per hour. The device can also vary the dilution factor either automatically or manually during operation.
    • 一种涉及聚合物和/或胶体溶液的自动在线稀释的方法,使得当稀释的聚合物流流过合适的检测器时,可以监测诸如聚合,降解和聚集的非平衡过程。 稀释涉及聚合物和/或胶体的反应或储备溶液,和至少一种溶剂。 在线稀释技术还可用于评估溶剂质量和其他溶质对聚合物/胶体特性和反应的影响,并且还可以通过制备聚合物/胶体的单一储备溶液来均衡表征聚合物/胶体。 开发出能够从含聚合物的容器中自动连续地提取流体并将其与溶剂混合的装置,使得最终流体足够稀,可以对其进行单粒子光散射,分光光度测量和其它测量。 虽然存在许多取样和稀释装置,但是本发明的新颖性在于其处理非常高的粘度的能力,包括那些含有气泡的粘度,并且在采样和测量之间仅引入短的延迟时间。 该装置非常适合的情况下的在反应过程中的宽范围的含聚合物的容器变化的粘度; 例如 聚合,聚合物降解,聚集,及其他。 此外,还提供了模块化调节阶段,例如改变溶剂条件,蒸发单体,过滤等。实际取出用于测量的样品量非常低,通常为每小时0.25ml至5ml。 该装置还可以在操作期间自动或手动改变稀释因子。