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1. 发明申请

US20170056676A1 Controlled Stimulation Delivery From Neurostimulator 审中-公开
标题翻译：来自神经刺激器的受控刺激递送
公开(公告)号：US20170056676A1
公开(公告)日：2017-03-02
申请号：US15226775
申请日：2016-08-02
申请人： Bruce C. Towe , Daniel Gulick
发明人： Bruce C. Towe , Daniel Gulick
IPC分类号： A61N1/378 , A61N1/36 , A61N1/372
CPC分类号： A61N1/3787 , A61N1/36125 , A61N1/36175 , A61N1/37205 , A61N5/045
摘要： A system for providing neurostimulation includes an external device (“external exciter”) and an implanted device. The external exciter includes an energy source which inductively powers the implanted device. Examples of such external exciters include devices having at least one of: ultrasonic transducers, Radio Frequency (RF) transmitters, and solar cells. The implanted device includes circuitry that limits its maximum energy output to a predetermined saturation threshold such that excess stimulation from the external exciter does not raise the output of the implanted device beyond the saturation threshold. The output signal of the external exciter is then pulse-width modulated in order to produce a desired amount of output stimulation from the implanted device to stimulate the bioelectrically excitable tissue at a desired level.
摘要翻译：用于提供神经刺激的系统包括外部装置（“外部激励器”）和植入装置。外部激励器包括对植入装置进行感应供电的能量源。这种外部激励器的实例包括具有以下至少一种的装置：超声换能器，射频（RF）发射器和太阳能电池。植入装置包括将其最大能量输出限制到预定饱和阈值的电路，使得来自外部激励器的过量刺激不会使植入装置的输出超过饱和阈值。然后对外部激励器的输出信号进行脉冲宽度调制，以从植入装置产生期望量的输出刺激，以刺激生物电可兴奋的组织达到期望的水平。

2. 发明授权

US4583545A Noninvasive biomagnesonic method of biocurrent measurement 失效
标题翻译：无创生物电磁测量方法
公开(公告)号：US4583545A
公开(公告)日：1986-04-22
申请号：US627597
申请日：1984-07-03
申请人： Bruce C. Towe
发明人： Bruce C. Towe
IPC分类号： A61B5/05 , A61B5/00
CPC分类号： A61B5/05
摘要： An arrangement for noninvasively detecting both alternating and direct biocurrents in a living organism applies a magnetic field to the organism, such that a biocurrent flowing in the organism interacts with the applied magnetic field to generate a force in the tissue of the organism at the location of the biocurrent, producing an acoustic response thereat. The acoustic response is detected by placing at least one acoustic transducer detector, such as a microphone, in proximity to the organism, such that the detected acoustic response corresponds to the biocurrent. The applied magnetic field can be generated by a circular array of magnetic field generators placed symmetrically about the organism. The applied magnetic field can be rotated relative to the organism by selectively energizing opposite pairs of magnetic field generators in sequence. An array of acoustic detectors can be placed in proximity to the organism, such that the timed response of each detector in relationship to the timed response of the other detectors or to the phase of the applied magnetic field provides information on the magnitude and location of the biocurrent.
摘要翻译：用于非侵入性地检测活体中的交替和直接生物电流的装置对生物体施加磁场，使得在生物体中流动的生物电流与施加的磁场相互作用以在生物体的组织中在位置处产生力生物流，在那里产生声响。通过将至少一个声换能器检测器（例如麦克风）放置在生物体附近来检测声响应，使得检测到的声响应对应于生物流。施加的磁场可以通过围绕生物体对称放置的磁场发生器的圆形阵列来产生。所施加的磁场可以通过依次选择性地激励相对的磁场发生器对来相对于生物体旋转。一组声学检测器可以放置在生物体的附近，使得每个检测器与其他检测器的定时响应或所施加的磁场的相位的定时响应的定时响应提供关于生物流。

3. 发明授权

US12023499B2 Methods and systems for measuring tissue impedance and monitoring PVD treatment using neuro-implants with improved ultrasound powering 有权
公开(公告)号：US12023499B2
公开(公告)日：2024-07-02
申请号：US17153441
申请日：2021-01-20
申请人： Bruce C. Towe
发明人： Bruce C. Towe
IPC分类号： A61N1/36 , A61B5/00 , A61B5/0538 , A61N1/378 , A61N7/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/3606 , A61B5/0538 , A61B5/4836 , A61B5/7228 , A61B5/7271 , A61N1/36128 , A61N1/3787 , A61N7/00 , A61B2560/0219 , A61N2007/0004
摘要： Methods and systems for measuring tissue impedance and monitoring PVD treatment using neuro-implants with improved wireless powering are disclosed. In some embodiments, an implanted device including a wireless energy receiver, a demodulation circuit, and electrodes may be configured to received modulated energy from an energy transmitter. The implanted device may convert the energy to an electrical voltage to be applied to tissue to adjust the tissue's impedance. The tissue impedance may be measured with a computing system by receiving and processing an energy signal emitted/produced in response to the electrical voltage applied by the implanted device. In some embodiments, improved microwave powering schemes may be utilized to power the implanted device. In some embodiments, improved ultrasound powering schemes may be utilized to power the implanted device. For example, energy transfer efficiency from different transmitters may be evaluated to select for energy transmission the transmitter that yields optimal energy transfer efficiency.

4. 发明申请

US20170258363A1 SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR WIRELESS TRANSMISSION OF BIOPOTENTIALS 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20170258363A1
公开(公告)日：2017-09-14
申请号：US15609282
申请日：2017-05-31
申请人： Bruce C. TOWE
发明人： Bruce C. TOWE
IPC分类号： A61B5/07 , A61B5/00 , A61B5/145 , H01L27/08 , H01L29/93
CPC分类号： A61B5/076 , A61B5/0006 , A61B5/0031 , A61B5/14503 , A61B5/14539 , H01L27/0808 , H01L29/93
摘要： The invention relates to wireless biotelemetry of low level bioelectric and biosensor signals by directly modulating the backscatter of a resonant circuit. Low level electrical analog or digital signals are directly applied to a resonant circuit containing a voltage-variable capacitor such as a varactor diode, that proportionally shifts the resonant frequency and so amplitude of radiofrequency backscatter in a way that represents analog bioelectric or biosensor waveform data. By strongly driving the resonant circuit with a radiofrequency source, a voltage variable capacitance can be caused to amplify the bio-signal level by a parametric process and so provide sufficient sensitivity to telemeter for low millivolt and microvolt level signals without additional amplification. A feature of the device is its simplicity and that it accomplishes both modulation and preamplification of low level sensor signals by the same variable capacitance circuit which reduces the device size and power consumption.

5. 发明授权

US08369956B2 Neurostimulator 失效
标题翻译：神经刺激器
公开(公告)号：US08369956B2
公开(公告)日：2013-02-05
申请号：US13214077
申请日：2011-08-19
申请人： Bruce C. Towe , William E. Crisp
发明人： Bruce C. Towe , William E. Crisp
IPC分类号： A61N1/00
CPC分类号： A61N1/3787 , A61N1/05 , A61N1/32 , A61N1/36071 , A61N1/36125 , A61N1/37205 , A61N7/00
摘要： Methods and devices for stimulating nerves are disclosed. In one embodiment adapted for stimulating excitable tissue, the invention includes drive circuitry, an acoustic transducer and a pair of electrodes.
摘要翻译：公开了刺激神经的方法和装置。在适于刺激可兴奋组织的一个实施例中，本发明包括驱动电路，声换能器和一对电极。

6. 发明申请

US20120197342A1 SYSTEMS, AND METHODS FOR NEUROSTIMULATION AND NEUROTELEMETRY USING SEMICONDUCTOR DIODE SYSTEMS 有权
标题翻译：使用半导体二极管系统进行神经元和神经元的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US20120197342A1
公开(公告)日：2012-08-02
申请号：US13321770
申请日：2010-05-21
申请人： Bruce C. Towe
发明人： Bruce C. Towe
IPC分类号： A61N1/372 , A61N1/08
CPC分类号： A61N1/06 , A61N1/3605 , A61N1/37223 , A61N1/378
摘要： Methods and systems for neurostimulation and/or neurotelemetry of electrically-excitable biological tissue. Embodiments include implanting single or multiple semiconductor diodes and applying a high frequency electrical volume current. Neurostimulation embodiments include local rectification of the volume current by the diode, which can provide a pulsating electrical waveform capable of locally stimulating neural tissue, hi neurotelemetry embodiments, semiconductor diodes can be placed in contact with excitable tissue and a low level electrical carrier wave can be passed through the tissue and implanted diode whereby low level tissue bioelectric events intermodulate with the carrier wave and encode bioelectrical effects. Remote detection and amplitude demodulation of the volume-conducted carrier wave can allow recovery of the bioelectrical waveform and provide a neurotelemetry function, hi other embodiments, implanted diodes are placed in series with a pressure switch or piezoelectric material which enables their function only with the focal application of an acoustic pressure wave. This enables a selectivity amongst multiple diode channels by acoustic wave focusing or alternately by a process of range-gating of a surface applied electrical current to the arrival time of an acoustic wave at a particular device.
摘要翻译：用于神经刺激和/或电可兴奋生物组织的神经计量学的方法和系统。实施例包括植入单个或多个半导体二极管并施加高频电流电流。神经刺激实施例包括通过二极管对体积电流的局部整流，其可以提供能够局部刺激神经组织的脉动电波形。在神经测量实施例中，半导体二极管可以放置成与可兴奋组织接触，并且低电平电载波可以通过组织和植入的二极管，由此低级组织生物电事件与载波互调并编码生物电效应。体积传导载波的远程检测和幅度解调可以允许恢复生物电波形并提供神经测量功能。在其它实施例中，将注入的二极管与压力开关或压电材料串联放置，这使得它们仅与焦点应用声压波。这使得能够通过声波聚焦的多个二极管通道中的选择性，或者通过表面施加的电流的范围选通到特定器件处的声波的到达时间的过程来实现。

7. 发明授权

US4935345A Implantable microelectronic biochemical sensor incorporating thin film thermopile 失效
标题翻译：含有薄膜热电堆的植入式微电子生化传感器
公开(公告)号：US4935345A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-19
申请号：US142297
申请日：1987-12-30
申请人： Eric J. Guilbeau , Bruce C. Towe
发明人： Eric J. Guilbeau , Bruce C. Towe
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , C12Q1/00 , G01N25/48
CPC分类号： A61B5/14865 , C12Q1/001 , C12Q1/006 , G01N25/4866 , Y10S435/817
摘要： A biochemical sensor is provided for measuring the concentration of a chemical dissolved within a fluid by providing a differential voltage proportional to a temperature differential resulting from the heat evolved from the enzymatic reaction of the chemical under test. The biochemical sensor is formed by depositing thin films of two dissimilar metals upon a substrate using microelectronic fabrication techniques. A multiplicity of thermocouple junctions are created at the intersections of the two dissimilar metal films, and the resulting series-connected thermocouple junctions are alternately designated sensing and reference junctions. The sensing junctions, but not the reference junctions, are covered by an enzyme, catalyst, or other species for initiating a chemical reaction involving the chemical under test, giving rise to a temperature differential between the sensing and reference junctions proportional to the concentration of the chemical under test. The biochemical sensor may be implanted within a human body for continuously monitoring concentrations of glucose or other chemicals present within the bloodstream.
摘要翻译：提供生物化学传感器，用于通过提供与由所测试的化学物质的酶反应产生的热产生的温度差成比例的差分电压来测量溶解在流体中的化学物质的浓度。生物化学传感器通过使用微电子制造技术将两种不同金属的薄膜沉积在基底上而形成。在两个不同金属膜的交点处产生多个热电偶接头，并且所得到的串联连接的热电偶接头交替地被指定为感测和参考接头。检测结，但不是参考连接点，被酶，催化剂或其他物质覆盖，用于引发涉及被测试化学物质的化学反应，导致感测和参考接头之间的温度差异与化学试验。生物化学传感器可以植入人体内，用于连续监测血液中存在的葡萄糖或其他化学物质的浓度。

8. 发明申请

US20210138242A1 METHODS AND SYSTEMS FOR MEASURING TISSUE IMPEDANCE AND MONITORING PVD TREATMENT USING NEURO-IMPLANTS WITH IMPROVED ULTRASOUND POWERING 有权
公开(公告)号：US20210138242A1
公开(公告)日：2021-05-13
申请号：US17153441
申请日：2021-01-20
申请人： Bruce C. TOWE
发明人： Bruce C. TOWE
IPC分类号： A61N1/36 , A61B5/0538 , A61N1/378 , A61B5/00 , A61N7/00
摘要： Methods and systems for measuring tissue impedance and monitoring PVD treatment using neuro-implants with improved wireless powering are disclosed. In some embodiments, an implanted device including a wireless energy receiver, a demodulation circuit, and electrodes may be configured to received modulated energy from an energy transmitter. The implanted device may convert the energy to an electrical voltage to be applied to tissue to adjust the tissue's impedance. The tissue impedance may be measured with a computing system by receiving and processing an energy signal emitted/produced in response to the electrical voltage applied by the implanted device. In some embodiments, improved microwave powering schemes may be utilized to power the implanted device. In some embodiments, improved ultrasound powering schemes may be utilized to power the implanted device. For example, energy transfer efficiency from different transmitters may be evaluated to select for energy transmission the transmitter that yields optimal energy transfer efficiency.

9. 发明申请

US20170095198A1 Methods and Systems for Measuring Tissue Impedance and Monitoring PVD Treatment Using Neuro-Implants with Improved Ultrasound Powering 审中-公开
公开(公告)号：US20170095198A1
公开(公告)日：2017-04-06
申请号：US15126844
申请日：2015-03-17
申请人： Bruce C. Towe
发明人： Bruce C. Towe
IPC分类号： A61B5/00 , A61N1/36 , A61N1/378 , A61N7/00 , A61B5/053
CPC分类号： A61B5/4836 , A61B5/0538 , A61B5/7228 , A61B5/7271 , A61B2560/0219 , A61N1/3606 , A61N1/36128 , A61N1/3787 , A61N7/00 , A61N2007/0004
摘要： Methods and systems for measuring tissue impedance and monitoring PVD treatment using neuro-implants with improved wireless powering are disclosed. In some embodiments, an implanted device including a wireless energy receiver, a demodulation circuit, and electrodes may be configured to received modulated energy from an energy transmitter. The implanted device may convert the energy to an electrical voltage to be applied to tissue to adjust the tissue's impedance. The tissue impedance may be measured with a computing system by receiving and processing an energy signal emitted/produced in response to the electrical voltage applied by the implanted device. In some embodiments, improved microwave powering schemes may be utilized to power the implanted device. In some embodiments, improved ultrasound powering schemes may be utilized to power the implanted device. For example, energy transfer efficiency from different transmitters may be evaluated to select for energy transmission the transmitter that yields optimal energy transfer efficiency.

10. 发明授权

US08909343B2 Systems, and methods for neurostimulation and neurotelemetry using semiconductor diode systems 有权
标题翻译：使用半导体二极管系统的神经刺激和神经计量学的系统和方法
公开(公告)号：US08909343B2
公开(公告)日：2014-12-09
申请号：US13321770
申请日：2010-05-21
申请人： Bruce C. Towe
发明人： Bruce C. Towe
IPC分类号： A61N1/372 , A61N1/08 , A61N1/06 , A61N1/36 , A61N1/378
CPC分类号： A61N1/06 , A61N1/3605 , A61N1/37223 , A61N1/378
摘要： Methods and systems for neurostimulation and/or neurotelemetry of electrically-excitable biological tissue. Embodiments include implanting single or multiple semiconductor diodes and applying a high frequency electrical volume current. Neurostimulation embodiments include local rectification of the volume current by the diode, which can provide a pulsating electrical waveform capable of locally stimulating neural tissue, hi neurotelemetry embodiments, semiconductor diodes can be placed in contact with excitable tissue and a low level electrical carrier wave can be passed through the tissue and implanted diode whereby low level tissue bioelectric events intermodulate with the carrier wave and encode bioelectrical effects. Remote detection and amplitude demodulation of the volume-conducted carrier wave can allow recovery of the bioelectrical waveform and provide a neurotelemetry function, hi other embodiments, implanted diodes are placed in series with a pressure switch or piezoelectric material which enables their function only with the focal application of an acoustic pressure wave. This enables a selectivity amongst multiple diode channels by acoustic wave focusing or alternately by a process of range-gating of a surface applied electrical current to the arrival time of an acoustic wave at a particular device.
摘要翻译：用于神经刺激和/或电可兴奋生物组织的神经计量学的方法和系统。实施例包括植入单个或多个半导体二极管并施加高频电流电流。神经刺激实施例包括通过二极管对体积电流的局部整流，其可以提供能够局部刺激神经组织的脉动电波形。在神经测量实施例中，半导体二极管可以放置成与可兴奋组织接触，并且低电平电载波可以通过组织和植入的二极管，由此低级组织生物电事件与载波互调并编码生物电效应。体积传导载波的远程检测和幅度解调可以允许恢复生物电波形并提供神经测量功能。在其他实施例中，将注入的二极管与压力开关或压电材料串联放置，这使得它们仅与焦点应用声压波。这使得能够通过声波聚焦的多个二极管通道中的选择性，或者通过表面施加的电流的范围选通到特定器件处的声波的到达时间的过程来实现。

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