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1. 发明公开

EP0593836A1 Near-field photon tunnelling devices 失效
标题翻译：近场光子隧穿器件
公开(公告)号：EP0593836A1
公开(公告)日：1994-04-27
申请号：EP92810814.1
申请日：1992-10-22
申请人： International Business Machines Corporation
发明人： Pohl, Wolfgang Dieter,Dr.
IPC分类号： G02B6/28 , G02B6/26 , G02B26/02
CPC分类号： G02B6/3502 , G02B6/264 , G02B6/283 , G02B6/3556 , G02B6/3576 , G02B6/3578
摘要： The near-field photon tunneling devices consist of a plurality of optical waveguides, such as optical fibers (1, 2), arranged in juxtaposition with a variable tunnel gap (13) through which photons from at least one of said optical fibers (1, 2) can be caused to tunnel, and wherein the said tunnel gap (13) is filled with a metal (16) that is liquid at room temperature or at moderately elevated temperature. The width of the tunnel gap (13), -and with it the thickness of the liquid metal layer- is remotely controllable. The proposed control mechanisms include optical means, piezo-electric elements (8) and temperature- sensitive means.
The devices proposed include optical couplers of the head-on and side-on types, optical modulators and switches, as well as display units.
摘要翻译：近场光子隧穿器件由多个光波导组成，例如光纤（1,2），它们与可变隧道间隙（13）并列布置，来自至少一个所述光纤（1， 2）能够引起隧道，并且其中所述隧道间隙（13）填充有在室温下或在适度升高的温度下为液体的金属（16）。隧道间隙（13）的宽度以及液态金属层的厚度可以远程控制。所提出的控制机构包括光学装置，压电元件（8）和温度敏感装置。所提出的器件包括正面和侧面类型的光学耦合器，光学调制器和开关以及显示单元。

2. 发明授权

EP0191588B1 Distributed sensor and method using coherence multiplexing of fiber-optic interferometric sensors 失效
标题翻译：分布式传感器和使用光纤间接传感器的相干多路复用的方法
公开(公告)号：EP0191588B1
公开(公告)日：1993-03-24
申请号：EP86300751.4
申请日：1986-02-05
申请人： THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY
发明人： Brooks, Janet L. , Tur, Moshe , Youngquist, Robert C. , Kim, Byoung Yoon , Wentworth, Robert H. , Shaw, Herbert John , Blotekjaer, Kjell
IPC分类号： G01D5/26
CPC分类号： G01D5/35383 , G02B6/14 , G02B6/2821 , G02B6/2826 , G02B6/283 , G02B6/2843 , G02B6/2861 , H04J14/002

3. 发明授权

EP0176178B1 Controllable fiber optic directional coupler 有权
标题翻译：可控光纤光学方向耦合器
公开(公告)号：EP0176178B1
公开(公告)日：1991-01-02
申请号：EP85305071.4
申请日：1985-07-17
申请人： Litton Systems, Inc.
发明人： Pavlath, George A.
IPC分类号： G02B6/28
CPC分类号： G02B6/3546 , G02B6/283 , G02F1/3131

4. 发明公开

EP0287252A1 A method of forming an optical fibre junction 失效
标题翻译： Herstellungsmethodefüreine faseroptische Kreuzverbindung。
公开(公告)号：EP0287252A1
公开(公告)日：1988-10-19
申请号：EP88302980.3
申请日：1988-03-31
申请人： BRITISH TELECOMMUNICATIONS public limited company
发明人： Cassidy, Stephen Anthony
IPC分类号： G02B6/28 , G02F1/29
CPC分类号： G02F1/293 , G02B6/2826 , G02B6/283 , G02B6/2835 , G02F1/0126 , G02F1/0147 , G02F1/13 , G02F1/3131
摘要： A method of preparing a junction between the cores (4) of two D-optical fibres (1,21) comprises bending a first fibre (2) around a curved surface and causing its flat face (3) to face outwards, superposing a second D-fibre on the first fibre, bending the second fibre (1) around the curved surface (3) causing its flat face to face towards the curved surface, and controlling the lateral position of the superposed fibres on the curved surface to provide a predetermined separation (s) between the cores of the fibres. When both fibres are arranged in a plane normal to the axis of the curved surace the flat faces of both fibres lie strictly parallel to the surface and thus the flat faces of both superposed fibres are substantially in contact with one another so that the cores of both fibres are close together. However, when at least one fibre is deflected from a normal plane the flat face of the fibre tilts with respect to the cylindrical surface with the degree of tilt (ϑ1) being proportional to its lateral deviation and the sense in which the fibre tilts being dependent upon the direction of its deviation. This effect is used to obtain a precise and predetermined separation between the cores of the superposed fibres.
摘要翻译：制备两个D-光纤（1,21）的芯（4）之间的接合部的方法包括：将弯曲表面周围的第一纤维（2）弯曲并使其平坦面（3）朝向外侧，将第二纤维在第一纤维上的D-纤维，使第二纤维（1）围绕弯曲表面（3）弯曲，使得其平面朝向弯曲表面，并且控制叠置的纤维在弯曲表面上的横向位置，以提供预定的纤维芯之间的分离。当两根纤维布置在垂直于弯曲边缘的轴线的平面中时，两根纤维的平坦表面严格平行于表面，因此两个叠置的纤维的平坦表面基本上彼此接触，使得两个纤维的芯纤维靠近在一起。然而，当至少一根纤维从正常平面偏转时，纤维的平坦面相对于圆柱形表面倾斜，其倾斜度（θ1）与其横向偏差成正比，并且纤维倾斜的方向为取决于其偏离的方向。该效果用于获得叠加纤维的芯之间的精确和预定的间隔。

5. 发明公开

EP0183449A3 Optical couplers 失效
标题翻译：光耦合器
公开(公告)号：EP0183449A3
公开(公告)日：1988-01-13
申请号：EP85308336
申请日：1985-11-15
申请人： THE GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, p.l.c.
发明人： Boucouvalas, Anthony Christos
IPC分类号： G02F01/29 , G02B06/28
CPC分类号： G02B6/283 , G02B6/2821 , G02F1/0147 , G02F1/313 , G02F1/3131 , G02F1/3132 , G02F1/3137
摘要： Optical couplers, whether in integrated or fibre optics, where there is at least one input lightpath (26) coupled to two or more output lightpaths (27) by depositing a film (4) of resistive metal over the coupling region and passing current through the film. This heats up the coupler and thus increases the refractive index forming a preferential lightpath through the heat region (24). Thus by heating particular regions, and by varying current through the film, the coupler is tuned as desired.
摘要翻译：光耦合器，无论是在集成光纤还是光纤中，其中至少一个输入光路耦合到两个或更多个输出光路，通过在耦合区域上沉积电阻金属膜并使电流通过膜。这加热了耦合器，从而增加了折射率，形成了通过热区的优先光路。因此，通过加热特定区域，并且通过改变通过膜的电流，耦合器根据需要进行调谐。

6. 发明公开

EP0191588A2 Distributed sensor and method using coherence multiplexing of fiber-optic interferometric sensors 失效
标题翻译：分布式传感器和使用干涉式光纤传感器的方法的相干复用。
公开(公告)号：EP0191588A2
公开(公告)日：1986-08-20
申请号：EP86300751.4
申请日：1986-02-05
申请人： THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY
发明人： Brooks, Janet L. , Tur, Moshe , Youngquist, Robert C. , Kim, Byoung Yoon , Wentworth, Robert H. , Shaw, Herbert John , Blotekjaer, Kjell
IPC分类号： G01D5/26
CPC分类号： G01D5/35383 , G02B6/14 , G02B6/2821 , G02B6/2826 , G02B6/283 , G02B6/2843 , G02B6/2861 , H04J14/002
摘要： A distributed sensor system including an optical source (100) having a short coherence length for optionally continuously monitoring each sensor in the system. In one preferred embodiment, an array of fiber-optic sensors (110) are organized in a ladder configuration, with the sensors positioned in spaced relation and defining the rungs of the ladder. Light transmitted through the sensors is multiplexed onto a return arm (114) of the ladder, with sensor spacing being such that interference between light from different sensors is prevented. The multiplexed signals are received by an optical fiber receiver (118, 120) which couples the mutiplexed light with an interfering optical reference signal to produce a phase difference signal representing conditions influencing selected sensors. Embodiments are disclosed for use of either pulsed or continuous wave light sources. In another preferred embodiment, the sensors comprise a plurality of interferometers (404,406) connected in series configuration by a common optical fiber (402), which provides multiplexed output signals from the sensors to another plurality of interferometers (418, 420) comprising receivers. Functional equivalents of the series configuration provide sensors and receivers comprising birefringent or two-mode fiber. The optical path length differences between each pair of sensor arms (409, 410, 411 and 412) are selected to prevent interference between the multiplexed sensor output signals from the various sensors. The optical path lengths through the sensors (404, 406) and receivers (418, 420) are structured so that each receiver (418, 420) produces a phase difference signal relating to conditions affecting light transmission through a specific sensor (404, 406). A phase and amplitude modulation technique is disclosed for providing heterodyned output signals from the dristributed sensor system.

7. 发明公开

EP0103382A3 Fiber optic amplifier 有权
标题翻译：光纤放大器
公开(公告)号：EP0103382A3
公开(公告)日：1986-06-18
申请号：EP83304334
申请日：1983-07-27
申请人： THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY
发明人： Shaw, Herbert John , Chodorow, Marvin , Digonnet, Michel J.F.
IPC分类号： H01S03/06
CPC分类号： H01S3/094003 , G02B6/2821 , G02B6/2826 , G02B6/283 , H01S3/0933 , H01S3/094011
摘要： An optical fiber bidirectional amplifier includes a pair of small diameter optical fibers (12a, 12b), arranged in a side- by-side configuration, the first fiber (12a) providing a pumping source and the second fiber (12b) doped with a material which will lase at the frequency of the signal to be amplified. The signal to be amplified propagates through the second fiber (12b) to stimulate emission of coherent light from the lasing material, resulting in amplification of the signal. The refractive index of the first and second fibers (12a, 12b) is substantially identical, but the coupling characteristic provided by the geometrical relationship between the pair of fibers (12a, 12b) yields a wavelength dependent coupling efficiency. Specifically, the coupling efficiency at the wave- lenght of the pumping source is relatively high, while the coupling efficiency at the wavelength of the signal to be amplified is relatively low. Thus, the pumping illumination is coupled from the first fiber (12a) to the second fiber (12b) to stimulate the doping material in the second fiber (12b), while the signal to be amplified remains relatively uncoupled, and is amplified by the coherent light emitted by the lasing material.

8. 发明公开

EP0149891A3 Optical waveguide coupler 失效
标题翻译：光波导耦合器
公开(公告)号：EP0149891A3
公开(公告)日：1985-08-14
申请号：EP84307908
申请日：1984-11-14
申请人： STANDARD TELEPHONES AND CABLES PUBLIC LIMITED COMPANY
发明人： Thompson, George Horace Brooke
IPC分类号： G02B06/28 , G02B06/12
CPC分类号： G02B6/29332 , G02B6/2821 , G02B6/2826 , G02B6/283
摘要： A single mode optical waveguide directional coupler is provided with enhanced wavelength selectivity by dividing the coupling region up into a number of identical sections (12) between which are interposed a set of identical decoupled sections (13) over which the two waveguides (10, 11) of the coupler are not optically coupled and have different optical path lengths.

9. 发明公开

EP0124523A1 FIBER OPTIC SWITCH AND DISCRETELY VARIABLE DELAY LINE 失效
标题翻译：光纤开关和谨慎的可调延时线路。
公开(公告)号：EP0124523A1
公开(公告)日：1984-11-14
申请号：EP83900214.0
申请日：1982-11-12
申请人： THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY
发明人： SHAW, Herbert, John , BOWERS, John, E.
IPC分类号： G02B6 , H04B10
CPC分类号： G02B6/2826 , G02B6/283 , G02B6/2861
摘要： Commutateur pour fibres optiques à mode unique possédant une base (70) et une partie supérieure (91) coulissant latéralement. La base se compose d'un bloc de quartz (70) possédant un faible rayon de courbure dans le sens de sa longueur et supportant un substrat de silicium (66) possédant une pluralité de rainures en V parallèles (68). Les rainures sont pourvues de segments de fibres optiques à mode unique (64) et recouvertes pour créer une surface plate de couplage (82) s'étendant latéralement au travers de la base. La partie supérieure (91) se compose d'un bloc de quartz pourvu d'une seule rainure en V (93) dans laquelle est logé un segment d'une fibre à mode unique (95). Cette fibre (95) est guipée de manière à créer une surface plate de couplage s'adaptant à la surface de couplage sur la base. La base (70) et la partie supérieure (91) sont assemblées de sorte que la fibre supérieure (95) peut coulisser sélectivement dans une position d'alignement de couplage ou de désalignement par rapport à l'une quelconque des fibres (64) de la base (70) pour former une ligne à retard à variation discrète. Une certaine longueur de la fibre (121) est enroulée autour de la base (70) en suivant un chemin hélicoïdal, chaque boucle étant logée dans l'une des rainures en V (68). En couplant la fibre supérieure (95) avec différentes boucles des fibres de la base (121), on peut obtenir différentes valeurs de retard. La ligne à retard peut être utilisée pour obtenir une réponse à fréquence variable pour des filtres transversaux et à entailles.

10. 发明公开

EP0074788A3 Fiber coupler tranducer 有权
标题翻译：光纤耦合器
公开(公告)号：EP0074788A3
公开(公告)日：1983-08-03
申请号：EP82304704
申请日：1982-09-08
申请人： THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY
发明人： Shaw, Herbert John , Digonnet, Michel J. F.
IPC分类号： G02B07/26 , G01D05/26
CPC分类号： G01D5/32 , G01D5/268 , G01K11/32 , G02B6/2826 , G02B6/283
摘要： A transducer (11) includes a fiber optic coupler (10) having a variable coupling efficiency. The fiber optic coupler (10) includes a first fiber (12a) and a second fiber (12b) and an interaction region (32) in which light propagating in one of the fibers (12a, 12b) is transferred to the other fiber (12a, 12b) by evanescent field coupling such that introducing light into one of the fibers (12a, 12b) may cause light to be output from both fibers (12a, 12b). Detectors (54), (56) detect the light output by the fibers (12a, 12b) and a ratio meter (58) produces an output proportional to the ratio of light intensity received by one of the detectors (54, 56) to the light intensity received by the other detector (54, 56) the ratio being indicative of the coupling efficiency of the fiber optic coupler (10). In a first embodiment the coupling efficiency varies in response to the relative position of the fibers (12a, 12b), thereby providing a transducer 11 for measuring displacement. In a second embodiment the coupling efficiency is temperature-dependent, thereby providing a transducer (11) for measuring temperature.

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