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    • 7. 发明公开
    • USE OF HETEROGENEOUS ACID CATALYSTS BASED ON MIXED METAL SALTS TO PRODUCE BIODIESEL
    • 基于混合金属盐的非均相酸催化剂在生物柴油中的应用
    • EP3225682A1
    • 2017-10-04
    • EP17164255.6
    • 2017-03-31
    • Instituto Mexicano Del Petróleo
    • CRUZ, FEDERICO JESÚS JIMÉNEZROSAS, CELIA MARÍNLÓPEZ, LUIS CARLOS CASTAÑEDASUÁREZ, ROGELIO HERNÁNDEZRODRÍGUEZ, JAVIER ESTEBAN RODRÍGUEZGUERRERO, MARÍA DEL CARMEN MARTÍNEZGUEVARA, FLORENTINO RAFAEL MURRIETAJACOB, ALICIA DEL RAYO JARAMILLO
    • C11C3/00B01J23/00C11C3/10B01J21/06B01J21/10B01J23/02B01J23/06
    • C07C67/02B01J27/02B01J27/053B01J27/055B01J27/16B01J27/18B01J27/1802B01J27/1806B01J35/023B01J35/1014B01J35/1019B01J35/1038B01J35/1061C10L1/026C10L2200/0476C10L2200/0484C10L2270/026C11C3/003C11C3/10Y02E50/13
    • SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
      The present invention relates to the use of heterogeneous acid catalysts primarily Lewis in nature to produce biodiesel by the transesterification of triglyceride esters, preferably by transesterification of fresh, refined or wasted vegetable oils or oils and fats of animal origin, with alcohols in heterogeneous phase, in batch reactor or continuous flow systems with yields higher than 80%, at the following operating conditions: temperature from 0 to 300°C, residence time from 20 minutes to 20 h, space velocity of 0.1 to 10 h -1 , pressure of 25-100 kg/cm 2 (24.5-98.07 bar), methanol/oil molar ratio of 10 to 40 and catalyst concentration of 0.001 to 20 weight % based on tri-, di- or monoglyceride.
      More specifically, we refer to the use of heterogeneous acidic catalysts primarily Lewis in nature to produce biodiesel in the preparation of alkyl esters of alkyl by transesterification of tri-, di- or mono-glycerides, such as those derived from vegetable oils or animal origin, in particular palm, jatropha, castor, soybean and sunflower oils, wherein the R groups of the alcohoxyls R 1 O, R 2 O and R 3 O of the glycerides are from C 1 to C 24 and a C 1 -C 4 alcohol, such as methanol, in an alcohol ratio:oil from 3:1 to 50:1.
      On the other hand, a primary reason for effecting the heterogeneous phase transesterification reaction to produce biodiesel is to avoid loss of catalyst, contaminating liquid effluents and eliminate undesirable side reactions such as the hydrolysis of triglycerides, diglycerides and monoglycerides into free fatty acids; in addition, in the case of catalysts of a basic nature, saponification could generate soaps.
    • 发明概述本发明涉及非均相酸催化剂主要是通过路易斯性质通过甘油三酯酯交换反应来生产生物柴油,优选通过新鲜,精制或废弃的植物油或油和动物来源的脂肪与醇的酯交换反应 在非均相中,在间歇反应器或产率高于80%的连续流动体系中,在以下操作条件下:0至300℃的温度,20分钟至20小时的停留时间,0.1至10h -1的空速 ,基于三甘油酯,二甘油酯或甘油一酯的25-100kg / cm 2(24.5-98.07巴)的压力,10-40的甲醇/油摩尔比和0.001-20重量%的催化剂浓度。 更具体地说,我们指的是使用非均相酸性催化剂,主要是天然路易斯通过三 - ,二 - 或单 - 甘油酯的酯交换制备生物柴油,例如衍生自植物油或动物来源的那些 特别是棕榈油,麻风树油,蓖麻油,大豆油和葵花油,其中甘油酯的醇氧基R10,R2O和R3O的R基团为C1-C24和C1-C4醇,如甲醇,醇比为: 油从3:1至50:1。 另一方面,实现非均相酯交换反应生产生物柴油的主要原因是避免催化剂损失,污染液体流出物并消除不希望的副反应,例如甘油三酯,甘油二酯和甘油一酯水解为游离脂肪酸; 此外,在基本性质的催化剂的情况下,皂化可以产生肥皂。