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    • 2. 发明公开
    • Hierarchical control system for automatically guided vehicles
    • 分层计算机系统Fahrzeuge。
    • EP0367528A2
    • 1990-05-09
    • EP89311169.0
    • 1989-10-30
    • TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INCORPORATED
    • Summerville, David F.Wand, Martin A.Williston, John P.Doty, Thomas J.
    • G06F165/00G05D1/02
    • G05D1/0246G05D1/0272G05D1/0274G05D1/0297G05D2201/0216
    • The invention is a modular and hierarchically organized set of computer programs which comprise methods for controlling a system of semi-autonomous automatically guided vehicles, such as mobile robots. The methods include control programs which: execute in stationary control computers; communicate between the stationary control computer programs and corresponding programs which execute in mobile control computers aboard the vehicles; operate independently in mobile control computers aboard the vehicles. The invention allows the system executive program to command the mobile vehicles to start, to stop, to transfer material to or from the vehicles, to change batteries in the vehicles, to park the vehicles at specific points in a factory, to move the vehicles from point to point in a factory, and to remove the vehicles from the factory. The invention proves the performance of conventional automatically guided vehicle systems by maximizing the autonomy of individual vehicles while retaining sufficient supervisory control at the system executive level to provide the maximum flexibility in routing and scheduling the activity of the vehicles. The invention "closes the loop" in an automatically guided vehicle system by providing the highest level of control between mobile vehicles and stationary control computers.
    • 本发明是一种模块化和分层组织的计算机程序集,其包括用于控制诸如移动机器人的半自动自动导向车辆系统的方法。 这些方法包括:在固定控制计算机中执行的控制程序; 在固定控制计算机程序和在车辆上的移动控制计算机中执行的相应程序之间进行通信; 在车上的移动控制计算机上独立运行。 本发明允许系统执行程序命令移动车辆开始停止向车辆转移材料,以改变车辆中的电池,将车辆停放在工厂的特定点处,以将车辆从 在工厂点对点,并从工厂拆除车辆。 本发明通过最大限度地提高个体车辆的自主性,同时在系统执行层面保留足够的监督控制来证明传统的自动引导车辆系统的性能,以提供路线和调度车辆活动的最大灵活性。 本发明通过在移动车辆和固定控制计算机之间提供最高水平的控制,在自动导向的车辆系统中“关闭回路”。
    • 3. 发明公开
    • Closed-loop navigation system for mobile robots
    • RückgekoppeltesNavigationssystemfür移动机器人。
    • EP0367526A2
    • 1990-05-09
    • EP89311167.4
    • 1989-10-30
    • TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INCORPORATED
    • Wand, Martin A.Lin, Chuan-FuHo, Anh V.Huang, Phen-LanWilliston, John P.Doty, Thomas J.Rice, Haradon J.
    • G05D1/03G05D1/02
    • G05D1/0297G05D1/0246G05D1/0282G05D2201/0216
    • A visual navigation system provides absolute position information to multiple automatically guided vehicles (AGVs) (36,37) such as mobile robots. The beacon-equipped AGVs (36,37) emit light visible to overhead television cameras. The beacons are arranged and controlled so that the vision system can acquire, measure, and report the locations of multiple AGVs (36,37). The system controller incorporates a programmable "factory map," or knowledge base, of allowable paths of travel for the AGVs (36,37), which navigate by dead reckoning with periodic position updates from the visual navigation system. The visual navigation system notifies the autonomous AGVs (36,37) and the system controller when an AGV strays from its commanded path. The combination of computer controls in the elements of the system provides the means to stop and to recover straying AGVs (36,37). The navigation system visually monitors normal AGV travel, off-course corrections, "lost" AGV searches, and recovery. Thus, it provides closed-loop, servo-like operation.
    • 视觉导航系统为诸如移动机器人的多个自动导向车辆(AG)(36,37)提供绝对位置信息。 装有信标的AGV(36,37)发射对架空电视摄像机可见的光。 信标的布置和控制使得视觉系统可以获取,测量和报告多个AGV的位置(36,37)。 系统控制器包含用于AGV(36,37)的允许行驶路径的可编程“工厂地图”或知识库,其通过来自视觉导航系统的定期位置更新的航位推算导航。 视觉导航系统当AGV从其指令的路径流出时通知自主AGV(36,37)和系统控制器。 系统元素中的计算机控制的组合提供了停止和恢复偏离AGV的手段(36,37)。 导航系统可视地监视正常的AGV行驶,离线纠正,“丢失”AGV搜索和恢复。 因此,它提供闭环,伺服状操作。