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    • 6. 发明授权
    • Ferromagnetic heterojunction diode
    • 反相异构二极管
    • US3818328A
    • 1974-06-18
    • US27715872
    • 1972-08-02
    • SIEMENS AG
    • ZINN W
    • H01L29/00H01L29/82H01L3/16H01L9/10
    • H01L29/82H01L29/00
    • A magnetically controllable electronic diode formed of a pair of electrodes spaced apart from one another by a layer of a ferromagnetic semiconductor material in contact with one of the electrodes and a layer of a ferromagnetic or metamagnetic electrical insulator material in contact with the other electrode and with the layer of ferromagnetic semiconductor material. The ferromagnetic and metamagnetic materials are composed of transition element chalcogenides, preferably rare earth chalcogenides such as europium sulfide or selenide, binary chromium thiospinel and binary chromium halogen spinel chalcogenides of the general formula: A Cr2 X3 Z wherein A is selected from the group of Cu, Cd, Eu, Fe, Hg, Zn and mixtures thereof; X is selected from the group S, Se, Te and mixtures thereof; and Z is selected from the group Br, Cr, I and mixtures thereof. The impedance characteristics of the diode are readily controlled by select application of an external magnetic field controlled in its direction and amplitude so that the diode has wide utility as an electronic circuit component, such as a magnetically controllable electronic switch means, or as a detector means for the direction and strength of magnetic fields.
    • 由一对电极形成的可控电子二极管,该对电极通过与电极中的一个接触的铁磁半导体材料层和与另一个电极接触的铁磁或电磁绝缘材料层彼此间隔开,并与 铁磁半导体材料层。 铁磁和偏磁材料由过渡元素硫族化物,优选稀土硫族化物如硫化铕或硒化物,二元铬硫堇螺母和二元铬卤素尖晶石硫族化物组成,其通式为:其中A选自Cu ,Cd,Eu,Fe,Hg,Zn及其混合物; X选自S,Se,Te族及其混合物; Z选自Br,Cr,I族及其混合物。 通过选择施加在其方向和振幅上控制的外部磁场容易地控制二极管的阻抗特性,使得二极管作为诸如磁性可控电子开关装置的电子电路部件具有广泛的用途,或者作为检测器装置 用于磁场的方向和强度。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Solid-state device
    • 固态装置
    • US3765956A
    • 1973-10-16
    • US3765956D
    • 1971-10-19
    • LI C
    • LI C
    • C30B21/02C30B21/04H01L21/763H01L21/764H01L27/00H01L27/144H01L29/06H01L31/00H01L33/00H01L3/16
    • H01L31/00C30B21/02C30B21/04H01L21/763H01L21/764H01L27/00H01L27/1446H01L29/0657H01L29/0661H01L33/00Y10S438/929
    • The ultra-miniaturized, active solid-state devices and circuitries have unique material bodies having signal-translating regions attached thereto for active signal translation. These regions, comprising melt-grown, or simulated melt-grown, metallurgical compounds including oxides, eutectics, and intermetallics, are of controlled compositions, concentration profiles, and electronic or other optoelectromagnetic properties. In some devices, the microstructure of the compounds comprises a plurality of microscopically thin, regularly-shaped and uniformly-spaced bodies of one phase material dispersed in a matrix of another phase material. The electronic conductivities of the bodies are substantially different from that of the matrix, and the bodies all terminate at microscopic distance from the pn junction (or other interfacial rectifying barrier region), so as to confine the signal current carriers to flow mainly in only one of the phases. This achieves carriers microstreaming or microbranching effects. Described also herein are different devices including micron-size eutectic devices, dendritic devices, cellular devices, and granular devices; and their methods of manufacture. The barrier regions may be further modified by diffusion, ion implantation, selective oxidation, electrolytic etching, and surface-contouring. In addition, selected circuit elements may be embedded into these devices to achieve additional carriers movement control or to obtain special beneficial effects.
    • 超小型化的有源固体器件和电路具有独特的材料体,其具有连接到其上的信号转换区域用于主动信号转换。 包括熔融生长或模拟熔融生长的包括氧化物,共晶体和金属间化合物的冶金化合物的这些区域具有受控的组成,浓度分布和电子或其它光电性能。 在一些装置中,化合物的微观结构包括分散在另一相材料的基质中的多相微细的,规则形状的和均匀分布的一相材料体。 机体的电子电导率与基体的电子电导率基本不同,并且机体全部以距离pn结(或其他界面整流屏障区域)的微观距离终止,以便将信号电流载流子限制在主要仅在一个 的阶段。 这实现了载体微流化或微分支效应。 本文还描述了包括微米级共晶器件,树枝状器件,蜂窝器件和粒状器件的不同器件; 及其制造方法。 可以通过扩散,离子注入,选择性氧化,电解蚀刻和表面轮廓进一步修饰阻挡区域。 此外,所选择的电路元件可以被嵌入到这些装置中以实现附加的载波运动控制或获得特殊的有益效果。