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    • 5. 发明申请
    • 3D CMOS Image Sensor and Imaging Device Design, Process, and Method
    • US20210321075A1
    • 2021-10-14
    • US16873734
    • 2020-06-17
    • Linyong Pang
    • Linyong Pang
    • H04N13/207H01L27/146G02B27/42H04N5/374H04N13/257H04N9/04
    • A 3D image sensor based on standard Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) process is described. The conventional CMOS image sensor measures a 2D projection of the 3D world in gray-scale or color image; this new sensor can measure the third dimension on the 2D image—the depth of object on the 2D image pixels. Since the standard CMOS image sensor can only sense intensity (the number of photons) at each CMOS pixel, this new sensor creates a new mechanism to encode the depth information into an intensity distribution change that CMOS sensor can sense. The idea is based on the observation or lens imaging theory that light cone for any point (pixel) on the image plane is narrower for a near object and wider for a distant object. We then use diffraction to measure the change of incident angle, based on the theory that an oblique light goes through a finite grating producing diffraction patterns multiple times from near field to far field, the incident angle is reflected as diffraction pattern shift. We use a normal CMOS patterning process to create gratings on top of photosensitive material, and place multiple pixels at a certain distance from the gratings to sense the intensity distribution change or shift for different light cones. Then the depth can be calculated by solving the imaging inverse problem. The solution or intermedium solution of such an inverse problem can be pre-calculated or pre-calibrated and placed in lookup tables so that the image sensor can output directly depth information from the 3D CMOS image sensor.
    • 6. 发明授权
    • Determining source patterns for use in photolithography
    • 确定用于光刻的源图案
    • US08683396B2
    • 2014-03-25
    • US12507336
    • 2009-07-22
    • Changquing HuLinyong Pang
    • Changquing HuLinyong Pang
    • G06F17/50
    • G03F7/705G03F1/36G03F7/70125G03F7/70441
    • Embodiments of a computer system, a process, a computer-program product (i.e., software), and a data structure or a file for use with the computer system are described. These embodiments may be used to determine or generate source patterns that define illumination patterns on photo-masks during a photolithographic process. Moreover, a given source pattern may be determined concurrently with an associated mask pattern (to which a given photo-mask corresponds) or sequentially (i.e., either the given source pattern may be determined before the associated mask pattern or vice versa.). During the determining, the given source pattern may be represented using one or more level-set functions. Additionally, the source pattern may be determined using an Inverse Lithography (ILT) calculation.
    • 描述计算机系统,过程,计算机程序产品(即软件)以及用于计算机系统的数据结构或文件的实施例。 这些实施例可以用于在光刻工艺期间确定或生成在光掩模上限定照明图案的源图案。 此外,给定源图案可以与相关联的掩模图案(给定光掩模对应于)或顺序地确定(即,给定源图案可以在相关联的掩模图案之前确定,反之亦然)来确定。 在确定期间,可以使用一个或多个水平集函数来表示给定的源模式。 另外,源图案可以使用逆平版印刷(ILT)计算来确定。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Method for facilitating automatic analysis of defect printability
    • 便于自动分析缺陷可印刷性的方法
    • US08111898B2
    • 2012-02-07
    • US10313706
    • 2002-12-06
    • Linyong Pang
    • Linyong Pang
    • G06K9/00
    • G03F1/84G03F7/7065G06T7/001G06T2207/30148
    • Defect printability analysis in a mask or wafer requires the accurate identification of defect images and reference (i.e. defect-free) images, in particular for a die-to-die inspection mode. A method of automatically distinguishing a reference image from a defect image is provided. In this method, multiple images can be accessed and aligned. Then, a common area of the multiple images can be defined. At this point, a complexity of each of the images, as defined by the common area, can be computed. Advantageously, by comparing the complexity of the multiple images, the reference and defect images can be quickly and accurately designated. Specifically, the most complex image is designated the defect image because the defect image must describe the defect. Complexity can be computed using various techniques.
    • 在掩模或晶片中的缺陷可印刷性分析需要精确地识别缺陷图像和参考(即,无缺陷)图像,特别是对于模 - 模检查模式。 提供了一种自动区分参考图像和缺陷图像的方法。 在这种方法中,可以访问和对齐多个图像。 然后,可以定义多个图像的公共区域。 在这一点上,可以计算由公共区域定义的每个图像的复杂度。 有利地,通过比较多个图像的复杂度,可以快速和准确地指定参考和缺陷图像。 具体地说,最复杂的图像被指定为缺陷图像,因为缺陷图像必须描述缺陷。 可以使用各种技术来计算复杂度。
    • 8. 发明授权
    • Reference image generation from subject image for photolithography mask analysis
    • 用于光刻掩模分析的被摄体图像的参考图像生成
    • US07689967B2
    • 2010-03-30
    • US11556673
    • 2006-11-03
    • Linyong Pang
    • Linyong Pang
    • G06F17/50G06K9/00G03F1/00
    • G03F1/84G06T7/0002G06T7/001G06T7/97G06T2207/30148
    • A reference image is generated from a subject image of at least a portion of a photolithography mask to enable a photolithography mask inspection and analysis system that otherwise cannot generate a reference image from a reference die or digitized design data, for example, to perform a mask analysis using the reference image. A mask inspection and analysis system may then be enhanced to perform one or more additional mask analyses to analyze the mask. The reference image is generated by identifying a defect or contaminant of the mask in the subject image and modifying the subject image to remove the defect or contaminant from the mask to generate the reference image. For one embodiment, a system using a STARlight inspection tool that captures transmitted and reflected images of a portion of a mask may then be enhanced to perform one or more mask analyses that use a reference image.
    • 从光刻掩模的至少一部分的被摄体图像生成参考图像,以使得否则不能从参考管芯或数字化设计数据生成参考图像的光刻掩模检查和分析系统,例如执行掩模 使用参考图像进行分析。 然后可以增强掩模检查和分析系统以执行一个或多个附加掩模分析来分析掩模。 通过识别对象图像中的掩模的缺陷或污染物并修改被摄体图像以从掩模去除缺陷或污染物以产生参考图像来生成参考图像。 对于一个实施例,然后可以增强使用捕捉掩模的一部分的发射和反射图像的STARlight检查工具的系统来执行使用参考图像的一个或多个掩模分析。
    • 9. 发明授权
    • System and method of providing mask defect printability analysis
    • 提供掩模缺陷可印刷性分析的系统和方法
    • US07254251B2
    • 2007-08-07
    • US11043398
    • 2005-01-25
    • Lynn CaiLinard KarklinLinyong Pang
    • Lynn CaiLinard KarklinLinyong Pang
    • G06K9/00
    • G03F1/84G01N21/95607G03F7/70433G03F7/705Y10T428/24802
    • A simulated wafer image of a physical mask and a defect-free reference image are used to generate a severity score for each defect, thereby giving a customer meaningful information to accurately assess the consequences of using a mask or repairing that mask. The defect severity score is calculated based on a number of factors relating to the changes in critical dimensions of the neighbor features to the defect. A common process window can also be used to provide objective information regarding defect printability. Certain other aspects of the mask relating to mask quality, such as line edge roughness and contact corner rounding, can also be quantified by using the simulated wafer image of the physical mask.
    • 使用物理掩模和无缺陷参考图像的模拟晶片图像来生成每个缺陷的严重性评分,从而给出客户有意义的信息以准确地评估使用掩模或修复该掩模的后果。 基于与缺陷的邻近特征的关键维度的变化相关的因素的数量来计算缺陷严重性评分。 通常的过程窗口也可用于提供有关缺陷可印刷性的客观信息。 通过使用物理掩模的模拟晶片图像也可以量化与掩模质量有关的掩模的某些其它方面,例如线边缘粗糙度和接触角圆角。