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1. 发明授权

US4873546A Color printing method and apparatus 失效
标题翻译：彩色打印方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4873546A
公开(公告)日：1989-10-10
申请号：US264399
申请日：1988-10-28
申请人： Wolfgang Zahn , Manfred Fursich , Wilhelm Nitsch , Hans-Jurgen Rauh , Helmut Treiber
发明人： Wolfgang Zahn , Manfred Fursich , Wilhelm Nitsch , Hans-Jurgen Rauh , Helmut Treiber
IPC分类号： G01J3/46 , B41F33/00 , G01J1/42 , G01J3/14 , G01J3/28 , G01N21/59 , G01N21/86 , G03B27/73 , G03B27/80
CPC分类号： G01N21/5911 , B41F33/0036 , G03B27/735 , G01J1/4223 , G01J2003/2813 , G01J3/14 , G01J3/2803 , G01N21/86
摘要： Light containing blue, green and red radiation is passed through a colored original which is to be printed on color copy material. The transmitted light is spread out into a color spectrum which extends across a first wavelength range generally corresponding to the blue portion of the spectrum, a second wavelength range generally corresponding to the green portion of the spectrum and a third wavelength range generally corresponding to the red portion of the spectrum. The intensity of the transmitted light is measured throughout the spectrum and average of the resulting raw intensities are taken oer each of a series of wavelength intervals which are much shorter than the first, second and third ranges. The copy material has a gamma value for each wavelength interval and such gamma value represents the spectral sensitivity of the copy material in the corresponding interval. The average intensity for each wavelength interval is multiplied by the respective gamma value to yield a corrected intensity. The corrected intensities for each wavelength range are summed to generate first, second and third sums corresponding to the first, second and third ranges and respectively representing the blue, green and red densities of the original. The first, second and third sums are used to calculate the respective amounts of blue, green and red light required to print the original with a neutral gray density.
摘要翻译：含有蓝色，绿色和红色辐射的光通过将被打印在彩色复印材料上的彩色原稿。透射的光被扩散到彩色光谱中，该色谱线延伸跨越通常对应于光谱的蓝色部分的第一波长范围，通常对应于光谱的绿色部分的第二波长范围和通常对应于红色的第三波长范围部分光谱。在整个光谱中测量透射光的强度，并且所得到的原始强度的平均值采用比第一，第二和第三范围短得多的一系列波长间隔中的每一个。复制材料对于每个波长间隔具有伽马值，并且这样的伽马值表示复制材料在相应间隔中的光谱灵敏度。每个波长间隔的平均强度乘以相应的伽马值以产生校正强度。将每个波长范围的校正强度相加以产生对应于第一，第二和第三范围的第一，第二和第三和，并分别表示原始的蓝色，绿色和红色密度。第一，第二和第三和用于计算以中性灰度密度打印原稿所需的蓝色，绿色和红色光的各自的量。

2. 发明授权

US4566786A Method of copying color exposures 失效
标题翻译：复印彩色曝光的方法
公开(公告)号：US4566786A
公开(公告)日：1986-01-28
申请号：US717323
申请日：1985-03-29
申请人： Manfred Fursich , Helmut Treiber , Berthold Fergg , Gunter Findeis , Wolfgang Zahn
发明人： Manfred Fursich , Helmut Treiber , Berthold Fergg , Gunter Findeis , Wolfgang Zahn
IPC分类号： G03B27/73 , G03C5/08 , G03B27/32 , G03B27/80
CPC分类号： G03B27/73
摘要： A film has a series of exposed and developed negatives. Each negative is scanned at a multiplicity of regions, and the densities of each region in the three primary colors are measured. A blue/red density differential is derived for each region by subtracting the red density of a respective region from its blue density. The neutral density of each region is calculated, and every region is assigned a coordinate on a plot of blue/red density differential versus neutral density. According to one embodiment, the blue/red density differential for each region having a neutral density equal to or greater than a limiting value is then subtracted from the blue/red density differential given by a characteristic curve for the film. The differences obtained in this manner are analyzed, at least for selected negatives, and the minimum difference for each selected negative is determined. The region corresponding to the minimum difference is that region of a negative having the maximum blue density. The blue/red density differential for the region of maximum blue density is compared with a pair of reference values derived from respective reference curves representing blue/red density differential as a function of neutral density. Based on the results of this comparison, each selected negative is classified as to whether it was exposed by artificial light or natural light, and is assigned an appropriate color correction factor for copying. Another embodiment is employed if the characteristic curve is found to lie near one of the reference curves. Here, the steps of subtracting blue/red density differentials and analyzing the resulting differences are omitted, and all negatives of the film are immediately classified as having been exposed by artificial light.
摘要翻译：一部电影有一系列暴露和发展的负面影片。每个负数在多个区域被扫描，并且测量三原色中每个区域的密度。通过从其蓝色密度减去相应区域的红色密度，为每个区域导出蓝色/红色浓度差异。计算每个区域的中性密度，并且在蓝色/红色密度差异与中性密度的图上分配每个区域的坐标。根据一个实施例，然后从具有等于或大于极限值的中性密度的每个区域的蓝/红密度差被从由薄膜的特性曲线给出的蓝/红密度差减去。分析以这种方式获得的差异，至少对于所选择的否定，并确定每个所选阴性的最小差异。对应于最小差的区域是具有最大蓝色密度的负区域。将最大蓝色密度区域的蓝色/红色浓度差异与从表示蓝色/红色密度差异的各个参考曲线导出的一对参考值作为中性密度的函数进行比较。基于该比较的结果，每个选择的阴性被分类为是否被人造光或自然光曝光，并且被赋予适当的颜色校正因子进行复制。如果发现特征曲线位于一个参考曲线附近，则采用另一个实施例。这里，省略减去蓝色/红色浓度差异并分析所得差异的步骤，并且将膜的所有负片立即分类为已经通过人造光曝光。

3. 发明授权

US5192970A Method and arrangement for copying filmstrips 失效
标题翻译：复制膜的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5192970A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-09
申请号：US760018
申请日：1991-09-13
申请人： Gunter Findeis , Wilhelm Nitsch , Hans-Juergen Rauh , Wolfgang Zahn , Helmut Treiber , Hans-Georg Schindler
发明人： Gunter Findeis , Wilhelm Nitsch , Hans-Juergen Rauh , Wolfgang Zahn , Helmut Treiber , Hans-Georg Schindler
IPC分类号： G03B27/42 , G03B27/72 , G03D15/00
CPC分类号： G03D15/003
摘要： An exposed and developed filmstrip and band of similar length are connected edge-to-edge. An address for each negative of the filmstrip is imprinted on the band in the form of a bar code adjacent to the respective negative. The negatives are scanned and exposure values are calculated for the negatives from the resulting data. The exposure values are used to make proofs, and the exposure values for each negative are then stored in a memory under the corresponding address. When an order for final copies of a particular negative is subsequently received, the address of the negative is read from the band and used to retrieve the respective exposure values from the memory. The final copies are thereupon made based upon the retrieved exposure values.
摘要翻译：曝光和显影的胶片和类似长度的胶带边缘到边缘连接。影片的每个负片的地址以与相应负片相邻的条形码的形式印在乐队上。扫描底片，并根据结果数据计算曝光值。暴露值用于进行证明，然后将每个阴性的曝光值存储在相应地址下的存储器中。当随后接收到特定否定的最终副本的命令时，从该带读取负数的地址并用于从存储器检索相应的曝光值。随后根据检索到的曝光值进行最终拷贝。

4. 发明授权

US5253011A Copying method and copier for film 失效
标题翻译：电影复印方法和复印机
公开(公告)号：US5253011A
公开(公告)日：1993-10-12
申请号：US834693
申请日：1992-02-11
申请人： Wolfgang Zahn , Wilhelm Nitsch , Gunther Schnall , Gerhard Benker
发明人： Wolfgang Zahn , Wilhelm Nitsch , Gunther Schnall , Gerhard Benker
IPC分类号： G03B27/32 , G03B27/46 , G03B27/52 , G03B27/73 , G03D15/00
CPC分类号： G03B27/735 , G03B27/462
摘要： A strip of exposed and developed film has a series of exposures and corresponding exposure identification numbers. The strip is conveyed through a scanning station on its way to a printing station. The exposures and identification numbers are scanned in the scanning station to produce output signals indicative of density changes. The signals are processed to generate groups of data which are combined into a data set. Each group includes the position of a respective exposure on the strip, the identification number for the exposure and the position of the identification number on the strip. Film transport is carried out in such a manner that scanning of the strip and processing of the resulting signals are completed before arrival of the strip at the printing station. A control unit uses the data set to position the exposures in the printing station and to print the exposures. The control unit also uses the data set to mark a copy of an exposure with the identification number of the exposure.
摘要翻译：一片暴露和开发的胶片具有一系列曝光和相应的曝光识别号码。该条带在通往扫描站的途中被传送到印刷站。在扫描站中扫描曝光和识别号，以产生指示密度变化的输出信号。信号被处理以生成被组合成数据集的数据组。每组包括条上相应曝光的位置，曝光的识别号以及条上标识号的位置。以如下方式进行薄膜输送，即在条带到达印刷台之前完成条的扫描和结果信号的处理。控制单元使用数据集将曝光位置定位在打印站中并打印曝光。控制单元还使用数据集来标记具有曝光标识号的曝光副本。

5. 发明授权

US4152068A Method and apparatus for evaluating developed photographic films prior to copying 失效
标题翻译：在复印前评估显影摄影胶片的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4152068A
公开(公告)日：1979-05-01
申请号：US740033
申请日：1976-11-08
申请人： Horst Bickl , Gunter Findeis , Helmut Treiber , Wolfgang Zahn
发明人： Horst Bickl , Gunter Findeis , Helmut Treiber , Wolfgang Zahn
IPC分类号： G03B27/32 , G03B27/73 , G03B27/80 , G03B27/78
CPC分类号： G03B27/73
摘要： Successive frames of a web of photographic color film are subjected to objective examination during transport through an automatic evaluating circuit which may constitute a discrete prereader or a prereader which is integrated into a copying machine upstream of the copying station. The prereader furnishes signals which represent color and/or density correction data for reproduction of those film frames which can be properly copied only with a setting of exposure controls which deviates from the average setting for copying of the majority of film frames. The objective examination of all film frames is followed by a subjective examination which is performed by an attendant who inspects at least some of those film frames whose examination by the prereader resulted in the generation of correction signals. The attendant inspects the film frames at the copying station or at a second station which is located immediately downstream of a discrete prereader, and the attendant simultaneously observes the corresponding correction signals which are furnished by the evaluating circuit and are displayed close to the copying station or in register with film frames at the second station. The attendant can approve, modify or cancel the correction signals, and can also initiate the generation of additional signals, e.g., to identify those film frames which are unfit for copying.
摘要翻译：摄影彩色胶卷的连续框架在运输过程中通过自动评估电路进行客观检查，该自动评估电路可构成复合机上游的复合机组合在一起的离散预读器或预读器。预读器提供表示彩色和/或浓度校正数据的信号，用于再现这些胶片帧，这些胶片帧只能在偏离大多数胶片帧的复印的平均设置的曝光控制设置下才能正确复制。对所有电影框架的客观检查之后进行主观检查，该检查由检查至少一些那些胶片帧的服务员进行，其中由预读者进行检查导致产生校正信号。服务员检查位于离散预读器紧邻下游的复印站或第二站处的胶片帧，并且服务员同时观察由评估电路提供的相应校正信号，并显示在复印站附近或在第二站登记电影帧。服务员可以批准，修改或取消校正信号，并且还可以启动附加信号的产生，例如，以识别那些不适于复制的胶片帧。

6. 发明授权

US4099862A Method and apparatus for evaluating developed photographic films preparatory to reproduction 失效
标题翻译：用于评估准备繁殖的开发摄影胶片的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4099862A
公开(公告)日：1978-07-11
申请号：US739547
申请日：1976-11-08
申请人： Horst Bickl , Gunter Findeis , Helmut Treiber , Wolfgang Zahn
发明人： Horst Bickl , Gunter Findeis , Helmut Treiber , Wolfgang Zahn
IPC分类号： G03B27/73 , G03B27/80 , G03B27/76 , G03B27/78
CPC分类号： G03B27/73
摘要： An automatic prereader for exposed and developed frames of a web of spliced-together photographic color films is preceded by a first station and followed by a second station at the first of which groups of successive frames are subjected to a first subjective examination by an attendant and at the second of which some of the frames are subjected to renewed subjective examination by the same attendant. The attendant actuates one or more pushbuttons upon examination of frames at the first station to produce signals which denote improperly oriented frames, frames which were exposed in artificial light and/or frames which are unfit for copying. Such signals are used to modify signals which are furnished by the automatic prereader. The modified and unmodified signals which are furnished by the prereader are examined for intensity, and those signals whose intensity is outside of a preselected range are displayed at the second station so that the attendant can observe such signals simultaneously with observation of the respective film frames and is in a position to initiate the generation of additional signals which are used to modify or erase the corresponding signals from the prereader before the signals are transmitted to the exposure controls of a copying machine.
摘要翻译：用于拼接在一起的照相彩色胶片网的曝光和显影框架的自动预读器之前是第一站，随后是第二站，其中第一站连续帧组被服务员进行第一次主观检查，并且其中第二个框架由相同的服务员进行更新的主观审查。服务员在检查第一站的帧时致动一个或多个按钮，以产生表示不正确取向的帧的信号，在人造光和/或不适合复制的帧中暴露的帧。这些信号用于修改由自动预读器提供的信号。检查由预读器提供的修改和未修改的信号的强度，并且强度在预选范围之外的那些信号被显示在第二站，使得服务员可以观察这些信号同时观察各个胶卷帧，在信号被传送到复印机的曝光控制之前，能够启动用于修改或擦除来自预读器的相应信号的附加信号的产生。

7. 发明授权

US06169599A Method for determining the amount of light in each primary color when copying a colored original 失效
标题翻译：复制彩色原稿时确定每种原色的光量的方法
公开(公告)号：US06169599A
公开(公告)日：2001-01-02
申请号：US08115209
申请日：1993-09-01
申请人： Manfred Fuersich , Helmut Treiber , Wolfgang Zahn
发明人： Manfred Fuersich , Helmut Treiber , Wolfgang Zahn
IPC分类号： G03B2780
CPC分类号： G03B27/735
摘要： There is disclosed a method for determining the amounts of individual copying light when copying color originals, particularly color negatives which are combined into films. The color originals are scanned photoelectrically and separately in the primary colors by region or by point, and the results of the measurement are used to control the amounts of copying light. For each scanned region a first difference is formed between the density values of two basic colors, a second difference is formed between the density values of one of these basic colors and the third basic color, and the average density is formed from the density measurements of the three basic colors. In each case, a functional relationship with the average density is produced, known as a color density difference curve, which describes the color behavior of the recording material on which the copy is to be made. This functional relationship supplies film-specific values for producing copies of the film, the film-specific values being used for the determination of the amounts of copying light for the original to be copied. For films of one type, the functional relationship between color density difference values and average densities describing the color behavior common to this are determined and stored as standard color density difference curves. When a film of this type appears, these stored standard color density difference curves are used to determine copying light quantities.
摘要翻译：公开了一种在复印彩色原稿时，特别是组合成薄膜的彩色底片时，确定单个复印光量的方法。彩色原稿通过区域或点按原色扫描光电分离，测量结果用于控制复印光量。对于每个扫描区域，在两种基本颜色的浓度值之间形成第一差异，在这些基色和第三基色之一的浓度值之间形成第二差异，并且平均浓度由三种基本颜色。在每种情况下，产生具有平均密度的功能关系，称为颜色密度差曲线，其描述要在其上进行复印的记录材料的颜色行为。该功能关系提供用于制作电影副本的电影专用值，该电影专用值用于确定要复制的原件的复印光量。对于一种类型的胶片，确定描述颜色浓度差值和与其共同的颜色行为的平均密度之间的功能关系，并将其作为标准色密度差曲线存储。当出现这种类型的胶片时，使用这些存储的标准色浓度差分曲线来确定复印光量。

8. 发明授权

US5743087A Method and apparatus for purifying exhaust gases from internal combustion engines 失效
标题翻译：净化内燃机废气的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5743087A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-28
申请号：US665725
申请日：1996-06-18
申请人： Wolfgang Zahn , Gunter Loose , Axel Hirschmann
发明人： Wolfgang Zahn , Gunter Loose , Axel Hirschmann
IPC分类号： B01D53/86 , B01D53/94 , F01N3/20 , F01N3/28 , F01N13/02
CPC分类号： F01N3/2046 , B01D53/8696 , B01D53/945 , B01D53/9459 , B01D53/9495 , F01N13/009 , F01N3/20 , F01N3/2006 , F01N3/2828 , B01D2255/1021 , B01D2255/2063 , B01D2255/2065 , F01N2330/06 , F01N2570/16 , Y02T10/22 , Y02T10/26
摘要： A method, and an apparatus for carrying out the method, for purifying exhaust gases from internal combustion engines is provided. The engines having a catalyzer system which includes a first catalyzer and at least one second catalyzer, arranged downstream of the first catalyzer, for the conversion of HC, CO and NO.sub.x exhaust gas constituents. Exhaust gases flow through both catalyzers during the entire operating period of the engine. The first catalyzer is suitable for at least the catalytic conversion of HC and CO exhaust gas constituents. In a first step of the method, the first catalyzer is operated over-stoichiometrically during the cold starting phase in order to reduce the HC and CO emissions and, in a second step of the method with .lambda.-controlled stoichiometric exhaust gas composition, the catalytic conversion of the exhaust gas in the first catalyzer is at least largely de-activated and takes place in the second catalyzer. Substantially better endurance of the first catalyzer is attained for the same good reduction in the exhaust gas pollutants.
摘要翻译：提供了一种用于执行该方法以净化内燃机废气的方法和装置。发动机具有催化剂系统，其包括第一催化剂和至少一个第二催化剂，其布置在第一催化剂的下游，用于转化HC，CO和NOx废气组分。在发动机的整个运行期间，废气都流过两个催化剂。第一催化剂适用于至少HC和CO废气成分的催化转化。在该方法的第一步中，第一催化剂在冷启动阶段期间以超化学计量的方式操作，以便降低HC和CO排放，并且在该方法的第二步中，使用λ控制的化学计量排气组成，催化剂第一催化剂中废气的转化至少在很大程度上被去活化并发生在第二催化剂中。实现了第一催化剂的较好的耐久性，同样能够有效地减少废气污染物。

9. 发明授权

US5300133A Soot particle exhaust-gas filter 失效
标题翻译：烟灰颗粒废气过滤器
公开(公告)号：US5300133A
公开(公告)日：1994-04-05
申请号：US005075
申请日：1993-01-15
申请人： Hans-Dieter Schuster , Wolfgang Zahn , Hans-Joachim Langer , Bernhard Jokl
发明人： Hans-Dieter Schuster , Wolfgang Zahn , Hans-Joachim Langer , Bernhard Jokl
IPC分类号： B01D46/24 , B01D46/52 , F01N3/022 , B01D25/26 , B01D29/46
CPC分类号： B01D46/247 , B01D46/2451 , F01N3/0222 , B01D2046/2492 , B01D2046/2496 , F01N2330/02 , F01N2530/24 , Y02T10/20 , Y10S55/30
摘要： An exhaust-gas filter, for example a soot-particle filter, has a filter element which has inlet passages for the raw gas and outlet passages for the clean gas. In order as far as possible to prevent clogging of the filter over the running time caused by deposits on the filter walls, the raw-gas passages are configured with a larger cross-section than the clean-gas passages.
摘要翻译：排气过滤器，例如烟灰颗粒过滤器，具有过滤元件，该过滤元件具有用于原料气体和用于清洁气体的出口通道的入口通道。为了尽可能防止由过滤壁上的沉积物引起的运行时间过滤器的堵塞，原料气体通道被构造成比清洁气体通道更大的横截面。

10. 发明授权

US06529243B1 Method for electronic reduction of the contrast of video images as early as during recording 失效
标题翻译：在记录过程中尽早电子缩小视频图像的对比度的方法
公开(公告)号：US06529243B1
公开(公告)日：2003-03-04
申请号：US09048926
申请日：1998-03-26
申请人： Werner Ritter von Stein , Wolfgang Zahn
发明人： Werner Ritter von Stein , Wolfgang Zahn
IPC分类号： H04N5225
CPC分类号： H04N5/235 , H04N5/142 , H04N5/20 , H04N5/243 , H04N9/045 , H04N2209/049
摘要： A method for electronic reduction of the contrast of video images as early as during recording provides electronic brightening of the shaded zones of a video image in a camera as early as during recording while maintaining the detail contrast even in the brightened regions. A blurred diffuse image of the motif is produced on the image sensor in the camera by the objective and the electronically alterable diffusion element, and is stored in a frame store. The black and white contrast of the mask is determined in the evaluation circuit, and a control variable is generated pixel-by-pixel from this. The focused video image which is subsequently produced on the image sensor when the diffusion element is switch to be crystal-clear is read and is amplified or attenuated pixel-by-pixel such that the shadowed parts are brightened and/or the bright zones are attenuated.
摘要翻译：一种用于在记录期间电子降低视频图像的对比度的方法提供了在记录期间在摄像机中视频图像的阴影区域的电子增亮，同时即使在增亮区域中也保持细节对比度。通过物镜和电子可变扩散元件在摄像机的图像传感器上产生模糊的模糊漫射图像，并存储在帧存储器中。在评估电路中确定掩模的黑白对比度，并从其中逐像素地生成控制变量。读取扩散元件切换为清晰的随后在图像传感器上产生的聚焦视频图像，并逐个像素地放大或衰减，使得阴影部分变亮和/或亮区域被衰减。

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