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1. 发明申请

US20100230843A1 MICROFILTRATION MEMBRANE WITH IMPROVED FILTRATION PROPERTIES 有权
标题翻译：具有改进过滤特性的微滤膜
公开(公告)号：US20100230843A1
公开(公告)日：2010-09-16
申请号：US12789593
申请日：2010-05-28
申请人： Wolfgang Ansorge , Oliver Schuster , Friedbert Wechs , Klaus Dombrowski
发明人： Wolfgang Ansorge , Oliver Schuster , Friedbert Wechs , Klaus Dombrowski
IPC分类号： B01D67/00 , C08J3/00
CPC分类号： B01D63/081 , B01D67/0011 , B01D67/0013 , B01D67/0016 , B01D67/0027 , B01D69/02 , B01D69/06 , B01D71/68 , B01D2325/022 , B01D2325/023 , B01D2325/24 , B01D2325/36 , B01D2325/38
摘要： Method for producing this membrane from a casting solution comprising the hydrophobic first sulfone polymer and the hydrophilic second polymer in a solvent system, the method comprising the steps of pouring the casting solution, conditioned to a molding temperature, onto a carrier to form a film, which carrier has a temperature that is higher in comparison to the molding temperature, conveying the film through a climate-controlled zone, initiating the coagulation in a coagulation bath for the formation of a membrane structure, withdrawing the membrane structure from the carrier with a speed that is increased in comparison to the carrier speed, stabilizing, extracting, and subsequently drying the membrane.
摘要翻译：在溶剂系统中由包含疏水性第一砜聚合物和亲水性第二聚合物的流延溶液制备该膜的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：将调节至模塑温度的浇铸溶液倒入载体上以形成膜，该载体的温度与成型温度相比较高，将膜输送通过气候控制区，在用于形成膜结构的凝固浴中引发凝结，以速度从载体中取出膜结构其与载体速度相比增加，稳定，提取和随后干燥膜。

2. 发明授权

US08727136B2 Microfiltration membrane with improved filtration properties 有权
标题翻译：具有改善过滤性能的微滤膜
公开(公告)号：US08727136B2
公开(公告)日：2014-05-20
申请号：US12789593
申请日：2010-05-28
申请人： Wolfgang Ansorge , Oliver Schuster , Friedbert Wechs , Klaus Dombrowski
发明人： Wolfgang Ansorge , Oliver Schuster , Friedbert Wechs , Klaus Dombrowski
IPC分类号： B01D63/08 , B01D71/68 , C02F1/00 , B01D67/00
CPC分类号： B01D63/081 , B01D67/0011 , B01D67/0013 , B01D67/0016 , B01D67/0027 , B01D69/02 , B01D69/06 , B01D71/68 , B01D2325/022 , B01D2325/023 , B01D2325/24 , B01D2325/36 , B01D2325/38
摘要： Method for producing this membrane from a casting solution comprising the hydrophobic first sulfone polymer and the hydrophilic second polymer in a solvent system, the method comprising the steps of pouring the casting solution, conditioned to a molding temperature, onto a carrier to form a film, which carrier has a temperature that is higher in comparison to the molding temperature, conveying the film through a climate-controlled zone, initiating the coagulation in a coagulation bath for the formation of a membrane structure, withdrawing the membrane structure from the carrier with a speed that is increased in comparison to the carrier speed, stabilizing, extracting, and subsequently drying the membrane.
摘要翻译：在溶剂系统中由包含疏水性第一砜聚合物和亲水性第二聚合物的流延溶液制备该膜的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：将调节至模塑温度的浇铸溶液倒入载体上以形成膜，该载体的温度与成型温度相比较高，将膜输送通过气候控制区，在用于形成膜结构的凝固浴中引发凝结，以速度从载体中取出膜结构其与载体速度相比增加，稳定，提取和随后干燥膜。

3. 发明申请

US20080197072A1 Microfiltration Membrane With Improved Filtration Properties 审中-公开
标题翻译：微滤膜具有改进的过滤性能
公开(公告)号：US20080197072A1
公开(公告)日：2008-08-21
申请号：US11914768
申请日：2006-06-03
申请人： Wolfgang Ansorge , Oliver Schuster , Friedbert Wechs , Klaus Dombrowski
发明人： Wolfgang Ansorge , Oliver Schuster , Friedbert Wechs , Klaus Dombrowski
IPC分类号： B01D39/14 , B29C37/00
CPC分类号： B01D63/081 , B01D67/0011 , B01D67/0013 , B01D67/0016 , B01D67/0027 , B01D69/02 , B01D69/06 , B01D71/68 , B01D2325/022 , B01D2325/023 , B01D2325/24 , B01D2325/36 , B01D2325/38
摘要： Integrally asymmetric flat membrane for microfiltration comprising at least 40 wt. % of a hydrophobic first sulfone polymer and a hydrophilic second polymer with a pore size distribution over the membrane wall, having a separating layer in the wall's interior, and also having, in the direction from this separating layer, pore sizes increasing towards the surfaces, the second surface having pores with a mean diameter of at least 1 μm. The membrane comprises the hydrophilic second polymer in a concentration of 0.1-10 wt. %. The separating layer is located in an region facing the first surface, and the pore size passes through a maximum in the direction from the asymmetrical region towards the second surface.Method for producing this membrane from a casting solution comprising the hydrophobic first sulfone polymer and the hydrophilic second polymer in a solvent system, the method comprising the steps of pouring the casting solution, conditioned to a molding temperature, onto a carrier to form a film, which carrier has a temperature that is higher in comparison to the molding temperature, conveying the film through a climate-controlled zone, initiating the coagulation in a coagulation bath for the formation of a membrane structure, withdrawing the membrane structure from the carrier with a speed that is increased in comparison to the carrier speed, stabilizing, extracting, and subsequently drying the membrane.
摘要翻译：用于微滤的整体非对称平膜包含至少40wt。疏水性第一砜聚合物和孔分布在膜壁上的亲水性第二聚合物的％，在壁的内部具有分离层，并且在从该分离层的方向上还具有朝向表面增加的孔径，第二表面具有平均直径至少为1um的孔。该膜包含浓度为0.1-10重量％的亲水性第二聚合物。％。分离层位于面向第一表面的区域中，并且孔径在从不对称区域朝向第二表面的方向上经过最大值。在溶剂系统中由包含疏水性第一砜聚合物和亲水性第二聚合物的流延溶液制备该膜的方法，该方法包括以下步骤：将调节至模塑温度的浇铸溶液倒入载体上以形成膜，该载体的温度与成型温度相比较高，将膜输送通过气候控制区，在用于形成膜结构的凝固浴中引发凝结，以速度从载体中取出膜结构其与载体速度相比增加，稳定，提取和随后干燥膜。

4. 发明授权

US08302781B2 High-flux dialysis membrane with an improved separation behaviour 有权
标题翻译：高通量透析膜具有改善的分离行为
公开(公告)号：US08302781B2
公开(公告)日：2012-11-06
申请号：US10588695
申请日：2005-02-15
申请人： Friedbert Wechs , Arne Gehlen , Bodo Von Harten , Richard Kruger , Oliver Schuster
发明人： Friedbert Wechs , Arne Gehlen , Bodo Von Harten , Richard Kruger , Oliver Schuster
IPC分类号： B01D63/02 , B01D67/00 , B01D69/00 , B01D69/08 , B01D39/14
CPC分类号： B01D69/08 , B01D67/0013 , B01D67/0088 , B01D67/0095 , B01D67/0097 , B01D69/02 , B01D71/64 , B01D71/68 , B01D2323/02 , B01D2323/12 , B01D2323/36 , B01D2325/14 , B01D2325/20
摘要： A hydrophilic, semipermeable hollow-fiber membrane for blood treatment, with an integrally asymmetric structure based on a synthetic polymer. The hollow-fiber membrane possesses on its inner surface a porous separating layer and an open-pored supporting layer adjoining the separating layer, and has an ultrafiltration rate in albumin solution of 25 to 60 ml/(h·m2·mmHg). The hollow-fiber membrane is free from pore-stabilizing additives, and has a minimum sieving coefficient for cytochrome c of 0.8 and maximum sieving coefficient for albumin of 0.005. Method for the preparation of such membranes based on coagulation induced by a non-solvent, whereby a spinning solution of a synthetic first polymer and possibly a hydrophilic second polymer is extruded into a hollow fiber through the annular slit of a hollow-fiber die with simultaneous extrusion of a coagulation medium as the interior filler through the central opening of the hollow-fiber die, the interior filler initiating coagulation in the interior of the hollow fiber as a result of which a separating layer on the inner surface of the hollow-fiber membrane is formed as well as the membrane structure, the method being characterized in that the interior filler contains a polyelectrolyte with negative fixed charges.
摘要翻译：用于血液处理的亲水性半透性中空纤维膜，具有基于合成聚合物的整体不对称结构。中空纤维膜在其内表面具有邻接分离层的多孔分离层和开孔支撑层，并且在白蛋白溶液中的超滤速率为25至60ml /（h·m 2·mmHg）。中空纤维膜不含孔稳定添加剂，细胞色素c的筛分系数最小为0.8，白蛋白筛分系数为0.005。基于由非溶剂引起的凝结制备这种膜的方法，由此将合成的第一聚合物和可能的亲水性第二聚合物的纺丝溶液通过中空纤维模具的环形狭缝挤出成中空纤维，同时通过中空纤维模头的中心开口挤出凝固介质作为内部填料，内部填料在中空纤维内部引发凝结，由此在中空纤维膜的内表面上形成分离层形成膜结构，该方法的特征在于内部填充物含有具有负固定电荷的聚电解质。

5. 发明申请

US20080000828A1 High-Flux Dialysis Membrane With an Improved Separation Behaviour 有权
标题翻译：高通量透析膜具有改进的分离行为
公开(公告)号：US20080000828A1
公开(公告)日：2008-01-03
申请号：US10588695
申请日：2005-02-15
申请人： Friedbert Wechs , Arne Gehlen , Bodo Harten , Richard Kruger , Oliver Schuster
发明人： Friedbert Wechs , Arne Gehlen , Bodo Harten , Richard Kruger , Oliver Schuster
IPC分类号： B01D63/02 , B01D39/14 , B01D67/00 , B01D69/00 , B01D69/02 , B01D69/08 , B29C47/00 , B29C47/02
CPC分类号： B01D69/08 , B01D67/0013 , B01D67/0088 , B01D67/0095 , B01D67/0097 , B01D69/02 , B01D71/64 , B01D71/68 , B01D2323/02 , B01D2323/12 , B01D2323/36 , B01D2325/14 , B01D2325/20
摘要： A hydrophilic, semipermeable hollow-fibre membrane for blood treatment, with an integrally asymmetric structure based on a synthetic polymer. The hollow-fibre membrane possesses on its inner surface a porous separating layer and an open-pored supporting layer adjoining the separating layer, and has an ultrafiltration rate in albumin solution of 25 to 60 ml/(h·m2·mmHg). The hollow-fibre membrane is free from pore-stabilising additives, and has a minimum sieving coefficient for cytochrome c of 0.8 and maximum sieving coefficient for albumin of 0.005. Method for the preparation of such membranes based on coagulation induced by a non-solvent, whereby a spinning solution of a synthetic first polymer and possibly a hydrophilic second polymer is extruded into a hollow fibre through the annular slit of a hollow-fibre die with simultaneous extrusion of a coagulation medium as the interior filler through the central opening of the hollow-fibre die, the interior filler initiating coagulation in the interior of the hollow fibre as a result of which a separating layer on the inner surface of the hollow-fibre membrane is formed as well as the membrane structure, the method being characterised in that the interior filler contains a polyelectrolyte with negative fixed charges.
摘要翻译：用于血液处理的亲水性半透性中空纤维膜，具有基于合成聚合物的整体不对称结构。中空纤维膜在其内表面具有邻接分离层的多孔分离层和开孔支撑层，并且在白蛋白溶液中的超滤速率为25至60ml /（hm 2 / .mmHg）。中空纤维膜不含孔稳定添加剂，细胞色素c的筛分系数最小为0.8，白蛋白筛分系数为0.005。基于由非溶剂引起的凝结制备这种膜的方法，由此将合成的第一聚合物和可能的亲水性第二聚合物的纺丝溶液通过中空纤维模具的环形狭缝挤出成中空纤维，同时通过中空纤维模头的中心开口挤出凝固介质作为内部填料，内部填料在中空纤维内部引发凝结，由此在中空纤维膜的内表面上形成分离层形成膜结构，该方法的特征在于内部填充物含有具有负固定电荷的聚电解质。

6. 发明授权

US07811507B2 Dialysis membrane having improved ability for removal of middle molecules 有权
标题翻译：具有改善中间分子去除能力的透析膜
公开(公告)号：US07811507B2
公开(公告)日：2010-10-12
申请号：US10588696
申请日：2005-02-15
申请人： Friedbert Wechs , Arne Gehlen , Bodo Von Harten , Richard Kruger , Oliver Schuster
发明人： Friedbert Wechs , Arne Gehlen , Bodo Von Harten , Richard Kruger , Oliver Schuster
IPC分类号： B01D63/02 , B29C39/14
CPC分类号： B01D71/68 , B01D67/0011 , B01D67/0016 , B01D67/0088 , B01D67/0095 , B01D67/0097 , B01D69/02 , B01D69/08 , B01D2323/02 , B01D2323/12 , B01D2323/36 , B01D2325/14 , B01D2325/20 , Y10T428/2975
摘要： A hydrophilic semipermeable hollow-fibre membrane for blood treatment, with an integrally asymmetric structure based on a synthetic polymer. The hollow-fiber membrane possess on its inner surface a separating layer and an adjoining open-pored supporting layer, and has an ultrafiltration rate in albumin solution of 5 to ≦25 ml/(h·m2·mmHg). The hollow fiber membrane is free from pore-stabilizing additives and has a maximum sieving coefficient for albumin of 0.005 and a sieving coefficient of cytochrome c that satisfies the equation SCcc≧5·10−5·UFRAlb3−0.004·UFRAlb2+0.1081·UFRAlb−0.25.
摘要翻译：一种用于血液处理的亲水性半透性中空纤维膜，具有基于合成聚合物的整体不对称结构。中空纤维膜的内表面具有分离层和邻接的开孔支撑层，并且在白蛋白溶液中具有5至＆lt; llE; 25ml /（h·m 2·mmHg）的超滤速率。中空纤维膜不含孔稳定添加剂，白蛋白的最大筛分系数为0.005，细胞色素c的筛分系数满足公式SCcc≥5·10-5·UFRAlb3-0.004·UFRAlb2 + 0.1081·UFRAlb- 0.25。

7. 发明授权

US08651284B2 Dialysis membrane with improved removal of middle molecules 有权
标题翻译：透析膜具有改善中间分子的去除效果
公开(公告)号：US08651284B2
公开(公告)日：2014-02-18
申请号：US12637268
申请日：2009-12-14
申请人： Friedbert Wechs , Arne Gehlen , Bodo von Harten , Richard Kruger , Oliver Schuster
发明人： Friedbert Wechs , Arne Gehlen , Bodo von Harten , Richard Kruger , Oliver Schuster
IPC分类号： B01D63/02 , B01D71/68 , B01D71/66 , B01D71/40 , B01D71/38 , B01D71/10
CPC分类号： B01D71/68 , B01D67/0011 , B01D67/0016 , B01D67/0088 , B01D67/0095 , B01D67/0097 , B01D69/02 , B01D69/08 , B01D2323/02 , B01D2323/12 , B01D2323/36 , B01D2325/14 , B01D2325/20 , Y10T428/2975
摘要： A hydrophilic semipermeable hollow-fiber membrane for blood treatment, with an integrally asymmetric structure based on a synthetic polymer. The hollow-fiber membrane possesses on its inner surface a separating layer and an adjoining open-pored supporting layer, and has an ultrafiltration rate in albumin solution of 5 to 25 ml/(h·m2·mmHg). The hollow-fiber membrane is free from pore-stabilizing additives and has a maximum sieving coefficient for albumin of 0.005 and a sieving coefficient for cytochrome c that satisfies the equation SCCC≧5·10−5·UFRAlb3−0.004·UFRAlb2+1.081·UFRAlb−0.25.
摘要翻译：一种用于血液处理的亲水性半透性中空纤维膜，具有基于合成聚合物的整体不对称结构。中空纤维膜的内表面具有分离层和相邻的开孔支撑层，并且在白蛋白溶液中具有5至25ml /（h·m 2·mmHg）的超滤速率。中空纤维膜不含孔稳定添加剂，白蛋白的最大筛分系数为0.005，细胞色素c的筛分系数满足方程式SCCC> = 5·10-5·UFRAlb3-0.004·UFRAlb2 + 1.081· UFRAlb-0.25。

8. 发明申请

US20100089820A1 DIALYSIS MEMBRANE WITH IMPROVED REMOVAL OF MIDDLE MOLECULES 有权
标题翻译：透析膜改善中间体分子的去除
公开(公告)号：US20100089820A1
公开(公告)日：2010-04-15
申请号：US12637268
申请日：2009-12-14
申请人： Friedbert Wechs , Arne Gehlen , Bodo von Harten , Richard Kruger , Oliver Schuster
发明人： Friedbert Wechs , Arne Gehlen , Bodo von Harten , Richard Kruger , Oliver Schuster
IPC分类号： B01D69/08 , B01D61/14 , B01D71/68 , B01D71/64
CPC分类号： B01D71/68 , B01D67/0011 , B01D67/0016 , B01D67/0088 , B01D67/0095 , B01D67/0097 , B01D69/02 , B01D69/08 , B01D2323/02 , B01D2323/12 , B01D2323/36 , B01D2325/14 , B01D2325/20 , Y10T428/2975
摘要： A hydrophilic semipermeable hollow-fibre membrane for blood treatment, with an integrally asymmetric structure based on a synthetic polymer. The hollow-fibre membrane possesses on its inner surface a separating layer and an adjoining open-pored supporting layer, and has an ultrafiltration rate in albumin solution of 5 to 25 ml/(h·m2·mmHg). The hollow-fibre membrane is free from pore-stabilising additives and has a maximum sieving coefficient for albumin of 0.005 and a sieving coefficient for cytochrome c that satisfies the equation SCCC≧5·10−5·UFRAlb3−0.004·UFRAlb2+1.081·UFRAlb−0.25 A method for producing such membranes by a coagulation process induced by a non-solvent, in which a spinning solution comprising a synthetic first polymer and possibly a hydrophilic second polymer is extruded through the annular slit of a hollow-fibre die to give a hollow fibre, and a coagulation medium that initiates coagulation in the interior of the hollow fibre is simultaneously extruded through the central opening of the hollow-fibre die, the coagulation medium initiating coagulation in the interior of the hollow fibre for formation of a separating layer on the inner surface of the hollow fibre and formation of the membrane structure, the method being characterised in that the interior filler contains a polyelectrolyte with negative fixed charges.
摘要翻译：一种用于血液处理的亲水性半透性中空纤维膜，具有基于合成聚合物的整体不对称结构。中空纤维膜的内表面具有分离层和相邻的开孔支撑层，并且在白蛋白溶液中具有5至25ml /（h·m 2·mmHg）的超滤速率。中空纤维膜没有孔稳定添加剂，白蛋白的最大筛分系数为0.005，细胞色素c的筛分系数满足方程式SCCC≥5·10-5·UFRAlb3-0.004·UFRAlb2 + 1.081·UFRAlb -0.25通过由非溶剂诱导的凝结过程制造这种膜的方法，其中包含合成的第一聚合物和可能的亲水性第二聚合物的纺丝溶液通过中空纤维模头的环形狭缝挤出，得到中空纤维和在中空纤维内部引起凝结的凝固介质同时挤出通过中空纤维模头的中心开口，凝固介质在中空纤维内部起始凝结以形成分离层，中空纤维的内表面和膜结构的形成，其特征在于，内部填料含有具有n的聚电解质特惠固定费用。

9. 发明申请

US20100224553A1 ULTRAFILTRATION MEMBRANE 有权
标题翻译：超滤膜
公开(公告)号：US20100224553A1
公开(公告)日：2010-09-09
申请号：US12299631
申请日：2007-05-03
申请人： Wolfgang Ansorge , Ernst Spindler , Richard Krüger , Martin Rütering , Oliver Schuster
发明人： Wolfgang Ansorge , Ernst Spindler , Richard Krüger , Martin Rütering , Oliver Schuster
IPC分类号： B01D71/68 , B01D69/08 , D01D5/24
CPC分类号： B01D61/145 , B01D67/0011 , B01D67/0016 , B01D69/081 , B01D69/087 , B01D71/68 , B01D2325/02 , B01D2325/022 , B01D2325/026 , B01D2325/04 , B01D2325/20 , B01D2325/24 , B01D2325/36
摘要： The invention relates to a hollow-fibre membrane for ultrafiltration made from a hydrophobic aromatic sulfone polymer and at least one hydrophilic polymer, the membrane having an open-pore separating layer on the lumen side, an adjoining supporting layer with asymmetric, sponge-like pore structure without finger pores and an outer layer adjoining the supporting layer towards the outer surface. The separating layer has a cutoff between 20 000 and 200 000 daltons, a thickness of max. 10% of the membrane thickness and an essentially isotropic pore structure. The size of the pores in the supporting layer initially increases up to a zone with maximum pore size, and then decreases towards the outer layer, and the outer layer exhibits a thickness of 10 to 30% of the wall thickness and an essentially isotropic pore structure. The mean size of the pores in the outer layer is larger than in the separating layer, but smaller than in the supporting layer. The wall thickness of the hollow-fibre membrane lies in the range from 100 to 450 μm. The invention relates furthermore to a method for the production of these hollow-fibre membranes.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于由疏水性芳香族砜聚合物和至少一种亲水性聚合物制成的超滤的中空纤维膜，所述膜在内腔侧具有开孔分离层，邻接的支撑层具有不对称的海绵状孔没有手指孔的结构和与支撑层相邻的外层朝向外表面。分离层的截留值在20 000至200 000道尔顿之间，厚度最大。 10％的膜厚度和基本上各向同性的孔结构。支撑层中的孔的尺寸最初增加到具有最大孔径的区域，然后向外层减小，并且外层的厚度为壁厚的10至30％，并且基本上具有各向同性的孔结构。外层的孔的平均尺寸大于分离层中的孔的平均尺寸，但小于支撑层中的孔的平均尺寸。中空纤维膜的壁厚在100〜450μm的范围内。本发明还涉及生产这些中空纤维膜的方法。

10. 发明授权

US08827086B2 Ultrafiltration membrane 有权
标题翻译：超滤膜
公开(公告)号：US08827086B2
公开(公告)日：2014-09-09
申请号：US12299631
申请日：2007-05-03
申请人： Wolfgang Ansorge , Ernst Spindler , Richard Krüger , Martin Rütering , Oliver Schuster
发明人： Wolfgang Ansorge , Ernst Spindler , Richard Krüger , Martin Rütering , Oliver Schuster
IPC分类号： B01D69/08 , B01D71/68 , B01D61/14 , B01D67/00 , C02F1/44
CPC分类号： B01D61/145 , B01D67/0011 , B01D67/0016 , B01D69/081 , B01D69/087 , B01D71/68 , B01D2325/02 , B01D2325/022 , B01D2325/026 , B01D2325/04 , B01D2325/20 , B01D2325/24 , B01D2325/36
摘要： The invention relates to a hollow-fiber membrane for ultrafiltration made from a hydrophobic aromatic sulfone polymer and at least one hydrophilic polymer, the membrane having an open-pore separating layer on the lumen side, an adjoining supporting layer with asymmetric, sponge-like pore structure without finger pores and an outer layer adjoining the supporting layer towards the outer surface. The separating layer has a cutoff between 20 000 and 200 000 daltons, a thickness of max. 10% of the membrane thickness and an essentially isotropic pore structure. The size of the pores in the supporting layer initially increases up to a zone with maximum pore size, and then decreases towards the outer layer, and the outer layer exhibits a thickness of 10 to 30% of the wall thickness and an essentially isotropic pore structure. The mean size of the pores in the outer layer is larger than in the separating layer, but smaller than in the supporting layer. The wall thickness of the hollow-fiber membrane lies in the range from 100 to 450 μm. The invention relates furthermore to a method for the production of these hollow-fiber membranes.
摘要翻译：本发明涉及一种用于由疏水性芳香族砜聚合物和至少一种亲水性聚合物制成的超滤的中空纤维膜，所述膜在内腔侧具有开孔分离层，邻接的支撑层具有不对称的海绵状孔没有手指孔的结构和与支撑层相邻的外层朝向外表面。分离层的截留值在20 000至200 000道尔顿之间，厚度最大。 10％的膜厚度和基本上各向同性的孔结构。支撑层中的孔的尺寸最初增加到具有最大孔径的区域，然后向外层减小，并且外层的厚度为壁厚的10至30％，并且基本上具有各向同性的孔结构。外层的孔的平均尺寸大于分离层中的孔的平均尺寸，但小于支撑层中的孔的平均尺寸。中空纤维膜的壁厚在100〜450μm的范围内。本发明还涉及生产这些中空纤维膜的方法。

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