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    • 2. 发明授权
    • Control of an isomerization process
    • 控制异构化过程
    • US4621062A
    • 1986-11-04
    • US604810
    • 1984-04-27
    • William S. StewartJohn E. Blaesi
    • William S. StewartJohn E. Blaesi
    • C10G35/24G01N33/28G01N35/00G05B1/00G05B1/06G05B23/00
    • C10G35/24G01N33/2829Y10T436/12
    • Control of an isomerization process is based on a known relationship between the octane number and temperature of a reaction at equilibrium; and a predetermined relationship between octane number and temperature of the reaction product of a reactor using a specific catalyst. In use, measurements of actual octane number and temperature are compared with the octane number and temperature of a reaction at equilibrium to determine if the reaction is at equilibrium. If the reaction is not at equilibrium, a control signal is developed to restore equilibrium. Thus control of an isomerization process is accomplished so as to substantially maximize the efficiency of the isomerization process both from a production standpoint and from an energy usage standpoint by maintaining the isomerization reaction at desired equilibrium conditions. Also, for a dual reactor system, the differential temperature between the two reactors is manipulated so as to maintain more favorable isomerization conditions in the tail reactor. Energy efficiency is improved by substantially minimizing the amount of heating fluid utilized to preheat the feed to the isomerization process.
    • 异构化方法的控制基于平衡时反应的辛烷值和温度之间的已知关系; 和使用特定催化剂的反应器的反应产物的辛烷值和温度之间的预定关系。 在使用中,将实际辛烷值和温度的测量与平衡时的反应的辛烷值和温度进行比较,以确定反应是否处于平衡状态。 如果反应不在平衡状态,则开发控制信号以恢复平衡。 因此,通过将异构化反应保持在期望的平衡条件下,从生产的观点和能量使用的观点来看,实现了异构化方法的控制,从而使异构化过程的效率基本上最大化。 此外,对于双反应器系统,操纵两个反应器之间的温差以便在尾反应器中保持更有利的异构化条件。 通过将用于预热异构化过程的进料的加热流体的量大大最小化来提高能量效率。
    • 3. 发明授权
    • Control of an aromatic extraction
    • 控制芳香提取
    • US4545894A
    • 1985-10-08
    • US633768
    • 1984-07-23
    • William S. StewartJohn E. Blaesi
    • William S. StewartJohn E. Blaesi
    • C10G21/30
    • C10G21/30
    • In an aromatic extraction process, the flow rate of aromatics to the extraction column is utilized to control the downstream stripping column so as to maintain a desired purity of the aromatic extract stream withdrawn from the stripping column. Also, the flow rate of solvent to the extraction column is manipulated so as to maintain a desired aromatic concentration in the raffinate stream withdrawn from the extraction column. This control, together with other interactive control functions, results in a control of the aromatic extraction process which substantially maximizes the profitability of the extraction process.
    • 在芳族萃取方法中,使用芳族化合物向提取塔的流速来控制下游汽提塔,以保持从汽提塔排出的芳族萃取物流的所需纯度。 此外,操作溶剂到萃取塔的流速,以便在从萃取塔排出的萃余液流中保持所需的芳族浓度。 该控制与其他交互式控制功能一起导致芳香提取过程的控制,其基本上使提取过程的盈利能力最大化。
    • 7. 发明授权
    • Control of a cracking furnace
    • 控制裂解炉
    • US4231753A
    • 1980-11-04
    • US22909
    • 1979-03-22
    • William S. Stewart
    • William S. Stewart
    • C10G9/20G06G7/58G06F15/18
    • C10G9/206Y10S208/01Y10T436/12
    • The heat supplied to a cracking furnace is controlled in response to a calculation of the heat required to maintain a desired conversion rate for the material being cracked in the cracking furnace. The calculated required heat for the cracking furnace is corrected by a comparison of the actual conversion rate to a desired conversion rate. The corrected required heat signal is utilized to manipulate the flow of fuel to the cracking furnace to thereby control the heat supplied to the cracking furnace.The flow of steam to the cracking furnace is also manipulated so as to prevent damage to the cracking furnace caused by a loss of feed flow to the cracking furnace. A loss in the flow of the feed to the cracking furnace is detected and the flow of the steam is increased to compensate for the loss in the flow of the feed to the cracking furnace so as to prevent damage to the cracking tubes of the cracking furnace.
    • 响应于在裂解炉中保持所要求的裂化转化率所需的热量的计算来控制提供给裂解炉的热量。 通过将实际转化率与期望的转化率进行比较来校正裂解炉的计算出的所需热量。 利用校正的所需热信号来操纵向裂解炉的燃料流,从而控制供给裂解炉的热量。
    • 9. 发明申请
    • Vehicle Pedal Assembly with Hysteresis Assembly
    • 具有滞后组件的车辆踏板组件
    • US20140352485A1
    • 2014-12-04
    • US14458388
    • 2014-08-13
    • William S. StewartRobert F. OldenburgMurray Kaijala
    • William S. StewartRobert F. OldenburgMurray Kaijala
    • G05G1/44
    • G05G1/44B60K26/021G05G5/03Y10T74/20528Y10T74/20888
    • A vehicle pedal assembly with a rotatable pedal. A hysteresis assembly includes a friction device and plunger, and first and second springs that are all separate and decoupled from each other and the pedal. The first spring exerts a force against the friction plunger that forces the friction device into frictional contact with the housing to generate and transfer a resistance force to the pedal. The first spring also exerts a force against the pedal when a foot force is removed from the pedal to return the pedal to idle with and without the movement of the friction device and without the force of the second spring. The second spring exerts a force against the friction device when the foot force is removed to return the pedal to idle without the force of the first spring. Barriers block the entry of debris into the housing.
    • 具有可旋转踏板的车辆踏板组件。 滞后组件包括摩擦装置和柱塞,以及第一和第二弹簧,它们彼此分离和分离,并且踏板。 第一弹簧对摩擦柱塞施加力,迫使摩擦装置与壳体摩擦接触,以产生阻力并传递给踏板。 当脚踏板从踏板上移开时,第一弹簧还施加一个力,以在不影响摩擦装置的运动和没有第二弹簧的作用力的情况下使踏板返回空转状态。 当脚部力被移除时,第二弹簧对摩擦装置施力,以在没有第一弹簧的力的情况下将踏板返回到空闲状态。 障碍物阻止碎片进入房屋。
    • 10. 发明授权
    • Vehicle pedal assembly with hysteresis assembly
    • 具有滞后组件的车辆踏板组件
    • US08806977B2
    • 2014-08-19
    • US13644461
    • 2012-10-04
    • William S. StewartRobert F. OldenburgMurray Kaijala
    • William S. StewartRobert F. OldenburgMurray Kaijala
    • G05G1/30
    • G05G1/44B60K26/021G05G5/03Y10T74/20528Y10T74/20888
    • A vehicle pedal assembly with a rotatable pedal. A hysteresis assembly includes a friction device and plunger, and first and second springs that are all separate and decoupled from each other and the pedal. The first spring exerts a force against the friction plunger that forces the friction device into frictional contact with the housing to generate and transfer a resistance force to the pedal. The first spring also exerts a force against the pedal when a foot force is removed from the pedal to return the pedal to idle with and without the movement of the friction device and without the force of the second spring. The second spring exerts a force against the friction device when the foot force is removed to return the pedal to idle without the force of the first spring. Barriers block the entry of debris into the housing.
    • 具有可旋转踏板的车辆踏板组件。 滞后组件包括摩擦装置和柱塞,以及第一和第二弹簧,它们彼此分离和分离,并且踏板。 第一弹簧对摩擦柱塞施加力,迫使摩擦装置与壳体摩擦接触,以产生阻力并传递给踏板。 当脚踏板从踏板上移开时,第一弹簧还施加一个力,以在不影响摩擦装置的运动和没有第二弹簧的作用力的情况下使踏板返回空转状态。 当脚部力被移除时,第二弹簧对摩擦装置施力,以在没有第一弹簧的力的情况下将踏板返回到空闲状态。 障碍物阻止碎片进入房屋。