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1. 发明授权

US06532061B2 Measuring the velocity of small moving objects such as cells 有权
公开(公告)号：US06532061B2
公开(公告)日：2003-03-11
申请号：US09939292
申请日：2001-08-24
申请人： William E. Ortyn , David A. Basiji , Richard A. Bauer , Keith L. Frost , David J. Perry , James K. Riley
发明人： William E. Ortyn , David A. Basiji , Richard A. Bauer , Keith L. Frost , David J. Perry , James K. Riley
IPC分类号： G01P336
CPC分类号： G02B27/0012 , G01N15/1012 , G01N15/1459 , G01N15/147 , G01N2015/1018 , G01N2015/1025 , G01N2015/1075 , G01N2015/144 , G01N2015/1443 , G01N2015/1447 , G01N2015/1452 , G01N2015/1497 , G06T7/20
摘要： Frequency domain velocity measurements and time domain velocity measurements are made using light from cells or other objects. An optical grating is used to modulate the light from an object so that it has a frequency proportional to the velocity of the object. Depending upon the embodiment, the pitch of the optical grating is uniform or varying. The modulated light is detected and various signal processing techniques, such as a Fast Fourier Transform function, are used to indicate the velocity of the object. Preferably, the velocity measured is applied in determining a timing signal employed for synchronization of an image of the object and an detector signal in an optical analysis system that uses a time delay integration detector to determine characteristics of the object in response to light from the object.

2. 发明授权

US06507391B2 Measuring the velocity of small moving objects such as cells 有权
公开(公告)号：US06507391B2
公开(公告)日：2003-01-14
申请号：US09939049
申请日：2001-08-24
申请人： James K. Riley , David A. Basiji , Richard A. Bauer , Keith L. Frost , William E. Ortyn , David J. Perry
发明人： James K. Riley , David A. Basiji , Richard A. Bauer , Keith L. Frost , William E. Ortyn , David J. Perry
IPC分类号： G01P336
CPC分类号： G02B27/0012 , G01N15/1012 , G01N15/1459 , G01N15/147 , G01N2015/1018 , G01N2015/1025 , G01N2015/1075 , G01N2015/144 , G01N2015/1443 , G01N2015/1447 , G01N2015/1452 , G01N2015/1497 , G06T7/20
摘要： Frequency domain velocity measurements and time domain velocity measurements are made using light from cells or other objects. An optical grating is used to modulate the light from an object so that it has a frequency proportional to the velocity of the object. Depending upon the embodiment, the pitch of the optical grating is uniform or varying. The modulated light is detected, producing an analog signal that is then digitally sampled. Time domain signal processing techniques are used to determine the velocity of the object from the digital samples. Preferably, the velocity measured is applied in determining a timing signal employed for synchronization of an image of the object and an detector signal in an optical analysis system that uses a time delay integration (TDI) detector to determine characteristics of the object in response to light from the object.

3. 发明授权

US06618140B2 Spectral deconvolution of fluorescent markers 有权
公开(公告)号：US06618140B2
公开(公告)日：2003-09-09
申请号：US10175543
申请日：2002-06-18
申请人： Keith L. Frost , James K. Riley , David A. Basiji , William E. Ortyn
发明人： Keith L. Frost , James K. Riley , David A. Basiji , William E. Ortyn
IPC分类号： G01J330
CPC分类号： G01J3/10 , G01J3/14 , G01J3/28 , G01J3/4406 , G01N15/147 , G01N21/6428 , G01N21/645 , G01N21/6456 , G01N2015/1472 , G01N2015/1486 , G01N2015/1497 , G01N2021/6423 , G01N2021/6441 , G01N2201/1293
摘要： In an instrument generating images from the fluorescent emissions of a plurality of fluorescent dyes carried by objects in a flow stream, spectral dispersion is used to expand the images of the objects along one axis of a two-dimensional photosensor array according to emission wavelength. The dispersion is unable to completely separate the emissions of a plurality of dyes because the emission spectra of the dyes overlap in wavelength. The method of the present invention accomplishes accurate estimation of the intensity of the light received from each of a plurality of dyes by decomposing the two dimensional spectrally dispersed images into a set of characteristic parameters using either an iterative curve fitting optimization method or a linear algebraic method.

4. 发明授权

US5959726A Modulation transfer function test compensation for test pattern duty cycle 失效
标题翻译：测试模式占空比的调制传递函数测试补偿
公开(公告)号：US5959726A
公开(公告)日：1999-09-28
申请号：US900341
申请日：1997-07-25
申请人： James K. Riley , William E. Ortyn , Yuhui Cheng , Tuan H. Phan , Wayne A. Biggs
发明人： James K. Riley , William E. Ortyn , Yuhui Cheng , Tuan H. Phan , Wayne A. Biggs
IPC分类号： G01M11/00 , G01M11/02
CPC分类号： G01M11/0292
摘要： Improving accuracy of frequency response measurements of linear systems using modulation transfer function test compensation. An optical imaging system illuminates and images an input test pattern. A processor measures a modulation transfer function. The processor determines a compensating factor for error in the input test pattern duty cycle. The driving function for the measurement is a test pattern having a periodic waveform approximating a square wave with an error in duty cycle. A windowed fast fourier transform on a greyscale image of the test pattern generates odd harmonics. Adjusting amplitude values of the odd harmonics corrects for the error in resolution target duty cycle.
摘要翻译：使用调制传递函数测试补偿提高线性系统频率响应测量的精度。光学成像系统照亮和成像输入测试图案。处理器测量调制传递函数。处理器确定输入测试模式占空比误差的补偿因子。用于测量的驱动功能是具有接近具有占空比误差的方波的周期性波形的测试图案。在测试图形的灰度图像上的窗口快速傅里叶变换产生奇次谐波。调整奇次谐波的振幅值可以校正分辨率目标占空比中的误差。

5. 发明授权

US06763149B2 Method and apparatus for correcting crosstalk and spatial resolution for multichannel imaging 有权
标题翻译：用于校正多声道成像的串扰和空间分辨率的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US06763149B2
公开(公告)日：2004-07-13
申请号：US10132059
申请日：2002-04-24
申请人： James K. Riley , Keith L. Frost
发明人： James K. Riley , Keith L. Frost
IPC分类号： G06K932
CPC分类号： G06K9/00503 , G01J3/28 , G01J3/2803 , G01J3/32 , G01J3/36 , G01N15/147 , G01N15/1475 , G06K9/00127 , G06T5/50 , G06T7/32 , G06T7/33 , G06T2207/10036
摘要： A multichannel imaging system generates an ensemble of images for each field of view of an object. Each image in the ensemble is intended to contain information from only one source among a plurality of sources for the object. However, due to crosstalk, at least a portion of the signal from a first source appears in a channel intended for a second source. Because the accuracy of the correction will be degraded if the images in an ensemble are spatially misaligned with respect to one another, the spatial offset between images is determined and a correction is applied to substantially eliminate the offset. Then, a correction to the signals is determined to substantially reduce the contributions to the signal in a channel from the signals in other channels. The signal processing can be employed to process the output signals for each of a plurality of different disclosed imaging systems.
摘要翻译：多通道成像系统为对象的每个视场生成图像集合。集合中的每个图像旨在包含来自对象的多个源中的一个源的信息。然而，由于串扰，来自第一源的信号的至少一部分出现在用于第二源的通道中。因为如果一个组合中的图像相对于彼此在空间上不对准，校正的精度将会降低，所以确定图像之间的空间偏移并且应用校正以基本上消除偏移。然后，确定对信号的校正，以从其它通道中的信号基本上减少对信道中的信号的贡献。信号处理可用于处理多个不同公开的成像系统中的每一个的输出信号。

6. 发明授权

US5937103A Method and apparatus for alias free measurement of optical transfer function 失效
标题翻译：用于别名自由测量光学传递函数的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5937103A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-10
申请号：US788239
申请日：1997-01-25
申请人： Seho Oh , Keith L. Frost , Michael J. Seo , James K. Riley , Chih-Chau L. Kuan
发明人： Seho Oh , Keith L. Frost , Michael J. Seo , James K. Riley , Chih-Chau L. Kuan
IPC分类号： G01J9/02 , G06K7/14 , G06K9/36
CPC分类号： G06K7/14 , G01J9/02
摘要： Measurement of the optical transfer function of an optical system imaging a bar pattern. A one dimensional fast Fourier transform processes sampled image data from the bar pattern. A model of the system utilizes robust measurements of the period, duty cycle and center of each stripe in the pattern. A signal alias free optical transfer function is estimated from the plurality of one dimensional frequency representation of the signal. An idealized bar pattern synthesized from the measured parameters of period, duty cycle and the center of each stripe in the pattern generates an ideal optical transfer function. The noise reduced optical transfer function, OTF, is estimated from OTF of the signal and OTF of the synthesized bar pattern.
摘要翻译：测量条形图案的光学系统的光学传递函数。一维快速傅立叶变换处理来自条形图案的采样图像数据。该系统的模型利用对图案中每个条带的周期，占空比和中心的鲁棒测量。从信号的多个一维频率表示估计信号无别名的光学传递函数。从图案中的每个条纹的周期，占空比和中心的测量参数合成的理想条形图形产生理想的光学传递函数。通过信号的OTF和合成的条形图的OTF估计噪声降低的光传输函数OTF。

7. 发明授权

US5883982A Astigmatism measurement apparatus and method based on a focal plane separation measurement 失效
标题翻译：基于焦平面分离测量的散光测量装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5883982A
公开(公告)日：1999-03-16
申请号：US816837
申请日：1997-03-13
申请人： James K. Riley , Keith L. Frost , William C. Lindow , Kim J. Hansen , Tuan Phan , James A. Stephanick
发明人： James K. Riley , Keith L. Frost , William C. Lindow , Kim J. Hansen , Tuan Phan , James A. Stephanick
IPC分类号： G01B11/00 , G01M11/02 , G06T1/00 , G06K9/36
CPC分类号： G01M11/0264 , G01M11/0242
摘要： A computer receives image data from a star-shaped optical target in the object plane and calculates angle-dependent boundary sharpness. The horizontal, x-direction, amplitude derivative and the vertical, y-direction, amplitude derivative are computed over a portion of each star pattern image from a Z panning sequence. A microscope slide stage, carrying the target, is moved vertically from a level just below where the target is in focus to a level just above where the target is in focus. For each small increment of vertical motion, Z panning, an image of the star pattern is captured for analysis. Computations are performed on the differentiated images to search for evidence of elongation of the point spread function and variation with stage Z position of the angle of long axis of such an out-of-round point spread function. The presence of a distorted point spread function that varies along the optical axis indicates astigmatism.
摘要翻译：计算机从对象平面中的星形光学目标接收图像数据，并计算与角度相关的边界锐度。在Z平移序列的每个星型图像的一部分上计算水平，x方向，幅度导数和垂直，y方向，幅度导数。携带目标的显微镜载物台从目标对焦点正下方的水平垂直移动到目标对焦点正上方的水平位置。对于垂直运动的每个小增量，Z平移，捕获星形图案的图像用于分析。对差分图像进行计算，以搜索点扩散函数的伸长的证据以及这种外向点扩散函数的长轴角度的Z位置的变化。沿着光轴变化的失真点扩散函数的存在表示散光。

8. 发明授权

US07286719B2 Method and apparatus for correcting crosstalk and spatial resolution for multichannel imaging 有权
标题翻译：用于校正多声道成像的串扰和空间分辨率的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US07286719B2
公开(公告)日：2007-10-23
申请号：US11419138
申请日：2006-05-18
申请人： James K. Riley , Keith L. Frost
发明人： James K. Riley , Keith L. Frost
IPC分类号： G06K9/32 , G01N21/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/00503 , G01J3/28 , G01J3/2803 , G01J3/32 , G01J3/36 , G01N15/147 , G01N15/1475 , G06K9/00127 , G06T5/50 , G06T7/32 , G06T7/33 , G06T2207/10036
摘要： A multi-channel imaging system generates an ensemble of images for each field of view of an object. Each image in the ensemble is intended to contain information from only one source among a plurality of sources for the object. However, due to crosstalk, at least a portion of the signal from a first source appears in a channel intended for a second source. Because the accuracy of the correction will be degraded if the images in an ensemble are spatially misaligned with respect to one another, the spatial offset between images is determined and a correction is applied to substantially eliminate the offset. Then, a correction to the signals is determined to substantially reduce the contributions to the signal in a channel from the signals in other channels. The signal processing can be employed to process the output signals for each of a plurality of different disclosed imaging systems.
摘要翻译：多通道成像系统为对象的每个视野生成图像集合。集合中的每个图像旨在包含来自对象的多个源中的一个源的信息。然而，由于串扰，来自第一源的信号的至少一部分出现在用于第二源的通道中。因为如果一个组合中的图像相对于彼此在空间上不对准，校正的精度将会降低，所以确定图像之间的空间偏移并且应用校正以基本上消除偏移。然后，确定对信号的校正，以从其它通道中的信号基本上减少对信道中的信号的贡献。信号处理可用于处理多个不同公开的成像系统中的每一个的输出信号。

9. 发明授权

US5862265A Separation apparatus and method for measuring focal plane 失效
标题翻译：用于测量焦平面的分离装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5862265A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-19
申请号：US57924
申请日：1998-04-09
申请人： James K. Riley , Keith L. Frost , William C. Lindow , Kim J. Hansen , Tuan Phan , James A. Stephanick
发明人： James K. Riley , Keith L. Frost , William C. Lindow , Kim J. Hansen , Tuan Phan , James A. Stephanick
IPC分类号： G01B11/00 , G01M11/02 , G06T1/00 , G06K9/36
CPC分类号： G01M11/0264 , G01M11/0242
摘要： A computer receives image data from a star-shaped optical target in the object plane and calculates angle-dependent boundary sharpness. The horizontal, x-direction, amplitude derivative and the vertical, y-direction, amplitude derivative are computed over a portion of each star pattern image from a Z panning sequence. A microscope slide stage, carrying the target, is moved vertically from a level just below where the target is in focus to a level just above where the target is in focus. For each small increment of vertical motion, Z panning, an image of the star pattern is captured for analysis. Computations are performed on the differentiated images to search for evidence of elongation of the point spread function and variation with stage Z position of the angle of long axis of such an out-of-round point spread function. The presence of a distorted point spread function that varies along the optical axis indicates astigmatism.
摘要翻译：计算机从对象平面中的星形光学目标接收图像数据，并计算与角度相关的边界锐度。在Z平移序列的每个星型图像的一部分上计算水平，x方向，幅度导数和垂直，y方向，幅度导数。携带目标的显微镜载物台从目标对焦点正下方的水平垂直移动到目标对焦点正上方的水平位置。对于垂直运动的每个小增量，Z平移，捕获星形图案的图像用于分析。对差分图像进行计算，以搜索点扩散函数的伸长的证据以及这种外向点扩散函数的长轴角度的Z位置的变化。沿着光轴变化的失真点扩散函数的存在表示散光。

10. 发明授权

US5642441A Separation apparatus and method for measuring focal plane 失效
标题翻译：测量焦平面分离的装置和方法
公开(公告)号：US5642441A
公开(公告)日：1997-06-24
申请号：US547653
申请日：1995-10-24
申请人： James K. Riley , Keith L. Frost , William C. Lindow , Kim J. Hansen , Tuan Phan , James A. Stephanick
发明人： James K. Riley , Keith L. Frost , William C. Lindow , Kim J. Hansen , Tuan Phan , James A. Stephanick
IPC分类号： G01B11/00 , G01M11/02 , G06T1/00 , G06K9/36
CPC分类号： G01M11/0264 , G01M11/0242
摘要： A computer receives image data from a star-shaped optical target in the object plane and calculates angle-dependent boundary sharpness. The horizontal, x-direction, amplitude derivative and the vertical, y-direction, amplitude derivative are computed over a portion of each star pattern image from a Z panning sequence. A microscope slide stage, carrying the target, is moved vertically from a level just below where the target is in focus to a level just above where the target is in focus. For each small increment of vertical motion, Z panning, an image of the star pattern is captured for analysis. Computations are performed on the differentiated images to search for evidence of elongation of the point spread function and variation with stage Z position of the angle of long axis of such an out-of-round point spread function. The presence of a distorted point spread function that varies along the optical axis indicates astigmatism.
摘要翻译：计算机从对象平面中的星形光学目标接收图像数据，并计算与角度相关的边界锐度。在Z平移序列的每个星型图像的一部分上计算水平，x方向，幅度导数和垂直，y方向，幅度导数。携带目标的显微镜载物台从目标对焦点正下方的水平垂直移动到目标对焦点正上方的水平位置。对于垂直运动的每个小增量，Z平移，捕获星形图案的图像用于分析。对差分图像进行计算，以搜索点扩散函数的伸长的证据以及这种外向点扩散函数的长轴角度的Z位置的变化。沿着光轴变化的失真点扩散函数的存在表示散光。

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