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    • 7. 发明申请
    • LENGTHENING LIFE OF A LIMITED LIFE MEMORY
    • 延长有限生命记忆的寿命
    • US20100218070A1
    • 2010-08-26
    • US12391547
    • 2009-02-24
    • Michele FranceschiniJohn Peter KaridisLuis A. Lastras-MontanoThomas MittelholzerMark N. Wegman
    • Michele FranceschiniJohn Peter KaridisLuis A. Lastras-MontanoThomas MittelholzerMark N. Wegman
    • H03M13/00G11C11/00G11C7/00G06F11/00G06F11/16
    • G11C13/0069G06F11/1012G11C13/0002G11C2207/104
    • A phase-change memory (PCM) includes a matrix of storage cells, including at least a first group with at least one cell. Each cell includes a phase change material having at least a first resistance value and a second resistance value, such that the first group can have an identical message encoded therein in at least a first way and a second way. The memory also includes a controller configured to encode the identical message in the at least first group the first or second way, based on which way causes the least amount of writing cost, given current levels of the group. Another embodiment of memory includes a matrix of storage cells, including at least a first group with at least one cell. Each of the storage cells has at least two levels, such that each of the storage cells can have an identical message encoded therein in at least a first way and a second way (the cells can be PCM or another technology). Each one of the storage cells is arbitrarily individually changeable among the at least two levels, and each of the cells is cost-asymmetric. A controller encodes the identical message in the at least first group using the first way or the second way, based on which way incurs a least cost when writing the message into the at least one cell of the at least first group, given current levels of the at least first group.
    • 相变存储器(PCM)包括存储单元矩阵,至少包括具有至少一个单元的第一组。 每个单元包括具有至少第一电阻值和第二电阻值的相变材料,使得第一组可以以至少第一种方式和第二种方式在其中编码相同的消息。 所述存储器还包括控制器,所述控制器被配置为在所述至少第一组中对所述第一或第二方式的相同消息进行编码,基于哪种方式,给出所述组的当前级别的最小写入成本量。 存储器的另一实施例包括存储单元的矩阵,包括至少一个具有至少一个单元的第一组。 每个存储单元具有至少两个级别,使得每个存储单元可以以至少第一种方式和第二种方式在其中编码相同的消息(该单元可以是PCM或另一种技术)。 存储单元中的每一个在至少两个级别中可任意地单独变化,并且每个单元是成本不对称的。 控制器使用第一种方法或第二种方式在至少第一组中编码相同的消息,基于哪种方式在将消息写入至少第一组的至少一个小区时产生最低成本,给定当前级别 至少第一组。
    • 10. 发明申请
    • ORTHOPEDIC FIXATION DEVICE WITH ZERO BACKLASH AND ADJUSTABLE COMPLIANCE, AND PROCESS FOR ADJUSTING SAME
    • 具有零背压和可调合规性的正齿固定装置及其调整方法
    • US20080269741A1
    • 2008-10-30
    • US12110563
    • 2008-04-28
    • John Peter Karidis
    • John Peter Karidis
    • A61B17/00A61B17/70
    • A61B17/62
    • An orthopedic fixator for positioning a first element relative to a second element with precision and with controlled compliance which can be adjusted during the healing process. One embodiment comprises a first frame for attachment to the first element, a second frame attached to the first frame through a plurality of adjustable effective length struts, and a third frame for attachment to the second element, wherein the third frame is compliantly attached to the second frame. A preferred embodiment comprises adjustable length preload elements to apply unidirectional forces between the first and second frames so as preload the adjustable effective length struts and substantially reduce the positional tolerance. An alternative embodiment comprises adjustable spring elements allowing the compliance of the attachment of the third frame to the second frame to be adjusted at various points in the healing process.
    • 矫形固定器,其用于相对于第二元件相对于第二元件精确定位并具有受控的顺应性,其可以在愈合过程中进行调整。 一个实施例包括用于附接到第一元件的第一框架,通过多个可调节有效长度支柱附接到第一框架的第二框架,以及用于附接到第二元件的第三框架,其中第三框架顺从地附接到 第二帧。 优选实施例包括可调节的长度预加载元件以在第一和第二框架之间施加单向力,以便预加载可调节的有效长度支柱并且基本上减小位置公差。 替代实施例包括可调弹簧元件,允许第三框架的附件与第二框架的顺应性在愈合过程中的各个点处被调节。