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1. 发明授权

US08218838B2 Method and system for assigning a confidence metric for automated determination of optic disc location 有权
标题翻译：为自动确定视盘位置分配置信度量的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US08218838B2
公开(公告)日：2012-07-10
申请号：US12263876
申请日：2008-11-03
申请人： Thomas P. Karnowski , Kenneth W. Tobin, Jr. , Vijaya Priya Muthusamy Govindasamy , Edward Chaum
发明人： Thomas P. Karnowski , Kenneth W. Tobin, Jr. , Vijaya Priya Muthusamy Govindasamy , Edward Chaum
IPC分类号： G06K9/60
CPC分类号： G06K9/0061 , G06F19/00 , G06F19/321 , G06T7/0012 , G06T7/70 , G06T2207/30041 , G16H50/20
摘要： A method for assigning a confidence metric for automated determination of optic disc location that includes analyzing a retinal image and determining at least two sets of coordinates locating an optic disc in the retinal image. The sets of coordinates can be determined using first and second image analysis techniques that are different from one another. An accuracy parameter can be calculated and compared to a primary risk cut-off value. A high confidence level can be assigned to the retinal image if the accuracy parameter is less than the primary risk cut-off value and a low confidence level can be assigned to the retinal image if the accuracy parameter is greater than the primary risk cut-off value. The primary risk cut-off value being selected to represent an acceptable risk of misdiagnosis of a disease having retinal manifestations by the automated technique.
摘要翻译：一种用于分配用于自动确定视盘位置的置信度量的方法，包括分析视网膜图像并且确定定位视网膜图像中的视盘的至少两组坐标。可以使用彼此不同的第一和第二图像分析技术来确定坐标集合。可以计算精度参数并将其与主要风险截止值进行比较。如果精度参数小于主要风险截止值，则可以将高置信度分配给视网膜图像，如果精度参数大于主要风险截止值，则可将低置信度水平分配给视网膜图像值。选择主要风险截止值以通过自动化技术代表具有视网膜表现的疾病的误诊的可接受风险。

2. 发明申请

US20100278398A1 METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR ASSIGNING A CONFIDENCE METRIC FOR AUTOMATED DETERMINATION OF OPTIC DISC LOCATION 有权
标题翻译：用于自动确定光盘位置的置信度的方法和系统
公开(公告)号：US20100278398A1
公开(公告)日：2010-11-04
申请号：US12263876
申请日：2008-11-03
申请人： Thomas P. Karnowski , Kenneth W. Tobin, JR. , Vijaya Priya Muthusamy Govindasamy
发明人： Thomas P. Karnowski , Kenneth W. Tobin, JR. , Vijaya Priya Muthusamy Govindasamy
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/0061 , G06F19/00 , G06F19/321 , G06T7/0012 , G06T7/70 , G06T2207/30041 , G16H50/20
摘要： A method for assigning a confidence metric for automated determination of optic disc location that includes analyzing a retinal image and determining at least two sets of coordinates locating an optic disc in the retinal image. The sets of coordinates can be determined using first and second image analysis techniques that are different from one another. An accuracy parameter can be calculated and compared to a primary risk cut-off value. A high confidence level can be assigned to the retinal image if the accuracy parameter is less than the primary risk cut-off value and a low confidence level can be assigned to the retinal image if the accuracy parameter is greater than the primary risk cut-off value. The primary risk cut-off value being selected to represent an acceptable risk of misdiagnosis of a disease having retinal manifestations by the automated technique.
摘要翻译：一种用于分配用于自动确定视盘位置的置信度量的方法，包括分析视网膜图像并且确定定位视网膜图像中的视盘的至少两组坐标。可以使用彼此不同的第一和第二图像分析技术来确定坐标集合。可以计算精度参数并将其与主要风险截止值进行比较。如果精度参数小于主要风险截止值，则可以将高置信度分配给视网膜图像，如果精度参数大于主要风险截止值，则可将低置信度水平分配给视网膜图像值。选择主要风险截止值以通过自动化技术代表具有视网膜表现的疾病的误诊的可接受风险。

3. 发明授权

US06751343B1 Method for indexing and retrieving manufacturing-specific digital imagery based on image content 失效
标题翻译：基于图像内容索引和检索制造专用数字图像的方法
公开(公告)号：US06751343B1
公开(公告)日：2004-06-15
申请号：US09399394
申请日：1999-09-20
申请人： Regina K. Ferrell , Thomas P. Karnowski , Kenneth W. Tobin, Jr.
发明人： Regina K. Ferrell , Thomas P. Karnowski , Kenneth W. Tobin, Jr.
IPC分类号： G06K900
CPC分类号： G06F17/30256
摘要： A method for indexing and retrieving manufacturing-specific digital images based on image content comprises three steps. First, at least one feature vector can be extracted from a manufacturing-specific digital image stored in an image database. In particular, each extracted feature vector corresponds to a particular characteristic of the manufacturing-specific digital image, for instance, a digital image modality and overall characteristic, a substrate/background characteristic, and an anomaly/defect characteristic. Notably, the extracting step includes generating a defect mask using a detection process. Second, using an unsupervised clustering method, each extracted feature vector can be indexed in a hierarchical search tree. Third, a manufacturing-specific digital image associated with a feature vector stored in the hierarchicial search tree can be retrieved, wherein the manufacturing-specific digital image has image content comparably related to the image content of the query image. More particularly, can include two data reductions, the first performed based upon a query vector extracted from a query image. Subsequently, a user can select relevant images resulting from the first data reduction. From the selection, a prototype vector can be calculated, from which a second-level data reduction can be performed. The second-level data reduction can result in a subset of feature vectors comparable to the prototype vector, and further comparable to the query vector. An additional fourth step can include managing the hierarchical search tree by substituting a vector average for several redundant feature vectors encapsulated by nodes in the hierarchical search tree.
摘要翻译：基于图像内容索引和检索制造专用数字图像的方法包括三个步骤。首先，可以从存储在图像数据库中的制造专用数字图像中提取至少一个特征向量。特别地，每个提取的特征向量对应于制造专用数字图像的特定特性，例如数字图像形态和总体特性，基板/背景特性和异常/缺陷特性。值得注意的是，提取步骤包括使用检测处理产生缺陷掩码。第二，使用无监督的聚类方法，每个提取的特征向量可以在分层搜索树中索引。第三，可以检索与分层搜索树中存储的特征向量相关联的制造专用数字图像，其中制造专用数字图像具有与查询图像的图像内容相当的图像内容。更具体地，可以包括两个数据缩减，第一次基于从查询图像提取的查询向量执行。随后，用户可以选择由第一数据缩减产生的相关图像。从选择中，可以计算出原型矢量，从而可以执行二级数据缩减。第二级数据减少可以导致与原型向量相当的特征向量的子集，并且进一步与查询向量相当。另外的第四步骤可以包括通过用层次搜索树中的节点封装的若干冗余特征向量代替矢量平均来管理分层搜索树。

4. 发明授权

US06535776B1 Method for localizing and isolating an errant process step 有权
标题翻译：本地化和隔离错误过程步骤的方法
公开(公告)号：US06535776B1
公开(公告)日：2003-03-18
申请号：US09399019
申请日：1999-09-20
申请人： Kenneth W. Tobin, Jr. , Thomas P. Karnowski , Regina K. Ferrell
发明人： Kenneth W. Tobin, Jr. , Thomas P. Karnowski , Regina K. Ferrell
IPC分类号： G06F1900
CPC分类号： G06T7/001 , G01N21/8851 , G01N2021/8854 , G01R31/302 , G06T2207/30124 , G06T2207/30141 , G06T2207/30164 , H01L22/20
摘要： A method for localizing and isolating an errant process includes the steps of retrieving from a defect image database a selection of images each image having image content similar to image content extracted from a query image depicting a defect, each image in the selection having corresponding defect characterization data. A conditional probability distribution of the defect having occurred in a particular process step is derived from the defect characterization data. A process step as a highest probable source of the defect according to the derived conditional probability distribution is then identified. A method for process step defect identification includes the steps of characterizing anomalies in a product, the anomalies detected by an imaging system. A query image of a product defect is then acquired. A particular characterized anomaly is then correlated with the query image. An errant process step is then associated with the correlated image.
摘要翻译：用于定位和隔离错误过程的方法包括以下步骤：从缺陷图像数据库中检索图像的选择，每个图像具有类似于描绘缺陷的查询图像提取的图像内容的图像内容，所述选择中的每个图像具有相应的缺陷表征数据。从缺陷表征数据导出在特定处理步骤中发生的缺陷的条件概率分布。然后识别根据导出的条件概率分布作为缺陷的最高可能来源的处理步骤。用于处理步骤缺陷识别的方法包括描述产品中的异常的特征，成像系统检测到的异常。然后获取产品缺陷的查询图像。然后将特定的特征异常与查询图像相关联。然后将错误的处理步骤与相关图像相关联。

5. 发明授权

US5982920A Automated defect spatial signature analysis for semiconductor manufacturing process 失效
标题翻译：半导体制造工艺自动缺陷空间特征分析
公开(公告)号：US5982920A
公开(公告)日：1999-11-09
申请号：US780569
申请日：1997-01-08
申请人： Kenneth W. Tobin, Jr. , Shaun S. Gleason , Thomas P. Karnowski , Hamed Sari-Sarraf
发明人： Kenneth W. Tobin, Jr. , Shaun S. Gleason , Thomas P. Karnowski , Hamed Sari-Sarraf
IPC分类号： G06T7/00 , G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06T7/0004 , G06T2207/30148
摘要： An apparatus and method for performing automated defect spatial signature alysis on a data set representing defect coordinates and wafer processing information includes categorizing data from the data set into a plurality of high level categories, classifying the categorized data contained in each high level category into user-labeled signature events, and correlating the categorized, classified signature events to a present or incipient anomalous process condition.
摘要翻译：对表示缺陷坐标和晶片处理信息的数据集执行自动缺陷空间特征分析的装置和方法包括将数据集中的数据分类为多个高级类别，将包含在每个高级类别中的分类数据分类为用户 - 标记的签名事件，并将分类的分类签名事件与当前或初始的异常过程条件相关联。

6. 发明授权

US08243999B2 Method and system for the diagnosis of disease using retinal image content and an archive of diagnosed human patient data 有权
标题翻译：用于使用视网膜图像内容诊断疾病的诊断方法和系统以及诊断的人类患者数据的归档
公开(公告)号：US08243999B2
公开(公告)日：2012-08-14
申请号：US11416834
申请日：2006-05-03
申请人： Kenneth William Tobin, Jr. , Thomas P. Karnowski , Edward Chaum
发明人： Kenneth William Tobin, Jr. , Thomas P. Karnowski , Edward Chaum
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/0061 , A61B3/12 , G06K9/00617
摘要： A method for diagnosing diseases having retinal manifestations including retinal pathologies includes the steps of providing a CBIR system including an archive of stored digital retinal photography images and diagnosed patient data corresponding to the retinal photography images, the stored images each indexed in a CBIR database using a plurality of feature vectors, the feature vectors corresponding to distinct descriptive characteristics of the stored images. A query image of the retina of a patient is obtained. Using image processing, regions or structures in the query image are identified. The regions or structures are then described using the plurality of feature vectors. At least one relevant stored image from the archive based on similarity to the regions or structures is retrieved, and an eye disease or a disease having retinal manifestations in the patient is diagnosed based on the diagnosed patient data associated with the relevant stored image(s).
摘要翻译：用于诊断具有视网膜表现的疾病（包括视网膜病变）的方法包括以下步骤：提供CBIR系统，其包括存储的数字视网膜摄影图像的存档和与视网膜摄影图像相对应的诊断的患者数据，所存储的图像每个索引在CBIR数据库中，使用多个特征向量，对应于所存储图像的不同描述特征的特征向量。获得患者视网膜的查询图像。使用图像处理，识别查询图像中的区域或结构。然后使用多个特征向量来描述区域或结构。基于与区域或结构的相似性，归档归档中的至少一个相关的存储图像，并且基于与相关的存储图像相关联的诊断的患者数据来诊断眼病或患者中具有视网膜表现的疾病，。

7. 发明申请

US20110024611A1 CALIBRATION METHOD FOR VIDEO AND RADIATION IMAGERS 有权
标题翻译：视频和辐射成像仪的校准方法
公开(公告)号：US20110024611A1
公开(公告)日：2011-02-03
申请号：US12511385
申请日：2009-07-29
申请人： Mark F. Cunningham , Lorenzo Fabris , Timothy F. Gee , James S. Goddard, JR. , Thomas P. Karnowski , Klaus-peter Ziock
发明人： Mark F. Cunningham , Lorenzo Fabris , Timothy F. Gee , James S. Goddard, JR. , Thomas P. Karnowski , Klaus-peter Ziock
IPC分类号： G01D18/00 , H01L27/00
CPC分类号： H01L27/14601 , G01V5/0075
摘要： The relationship between the high energy radiation imager pixel (HERIP) coordinate and real-world x-coordinate is determined by a least square fit between the HERIP x-coordinate and the measured real-world x-coordinates of calibration markers that emit high energy radiation imager and reflect visible light. Upon calibration, a high energy radiation imager pixel position may be determined based on a real-world coordinate of a moving vehicle. Further, a scale parameter for said high energy radiation imager may be determined based on the real-world coordinate. The scale parameter depends on the y-coordinate of the moving vehicle as provided by a visible light camera. The high energy radiation imager may be employed to detect radiation from moving vehicles in multiple lanes, which correspondingly have different distances to the high energy radiation imager.
摘要翻译：高能量辐射成像器像素（HERIP）坐标和真实x坐标之间的关系由HERIP x坐标与发射高能量辐射的校准标记的测量的真实x坐标之间的最小二乘拟合确定成像器并反射可见光。在校准时，可以基于移动车辆的现实世界坐标来确定高能量辐射成像器像素位置。此外，可以基于真实世界坐标来确定用于所述高能辐射成像器的比例参数。比例参数取决于可见光摄像机提供的移动车辆的y坐标。高能量辐射成像器可用于检测多个通道中的移动车辆的辐射，其相应地具有与高能辐射成像器不同的距离。

8. 发明授权

US07672976B2 Method for the reduction of image content redundancy in large image databases 失效
标题翻译：降低大图像数据库中图像内容冗余的方法
公开(公告)号：US07672976B2
公开(公告)日：2010-03-02
申请号：US11416844
申请日：2006-05-03
申请人： Kenneth William Tobin , Thomas P. Karnowski
发明人： Kenneth William Tobin , Thomas P. Karnowski
IPC分类号： G06F17/30
CPC分类号： G06F17/30256 , Y10S707/99948
摘要： A method of increasing information content for content-based image retrieval (CBIR) systems includes the steps of providing a CBIR database, the database having an index for a plurality of stored digital images using a plurality of feature vectors, the feature vectors corresponding to distinct descriptive characteristics of the images. A visual similarity parameter value is calculated based on a degree of visual similarity between features vectors of an incoming image being considered for entry into the database and feature vectors associated with a most similar of the stored images. Based on said visual similarity parameter value it is determined whether to store or how long to store the feature vectors associated with the incoming image in the database.
摘要翻译：增加基于内容的图像检索（CBIR）系统的信息内容的方法包括以下步骤：提供CBIR数据库，数据库具有使用多个特征向量的多个存储的数字图像的索引，特征向量对应于不同的图像的描述特征。基于考虑进入数据库的输入图像的特征向量与与最近存储的图像相关联的特征向量之间的视觉相似度来计算视觉相似性参数值。基于所述视觉相似性参数值，确定是否存储或者将与输入图像相关联的特征向量存储在数据库中的时间长度。

9. 发明授权

US08503749B2 Method and system for the diagnosis of disease using retinal image content and an archive of diagnosed human patient data 有权
标题翻译：用于使用视网膜图像内容诊断疾病的诊断方法和系统以及诊断的人类患者数据的归档
公开(公告)号：US08503749B2
公开(公告)日：2013-08-06
申请号：US13471720
申请日：2012-05-15
申请人： Kenneth W. Tobin , Thomas P. Karnowski , Edward Chaum
发明人： Kenneth W. Tobin , Thomas P. Karnowski , Edward Chaum
IPC分类号： G06K9/00
CPC分类号： G06K9/0061 , A61B3/12 , G06K9/00617
摘要： A method for diagnosing diseases having retinal manifestations including retinal pathologies includes the steps of providing a CBIR system including an archive of stored digital retinal photography images and diagnosed patient data corresponding to the retinal photography images, the stored images each indexed in a CBIR database using a plurality of feature vectors, the feature vectors corresponding to distinct descriptive characteristics of the stored images. A query image of the retina of a patient is obtained. Using image processing, regions or structures in the query image are identified. The regions or structures are then described using the plurality of feature vectors. At least one relevant stored image from the archive based on similarity to the regions or structures is retrieved, and an eye disease or a disease having retinal manifestations in the patient is diagnosed based on the diagnosed patient data associated with the relevant stored image(s).
摘要翻译：用于诊断具有视网膜表现的疾病（包括视网膜病变）的方法包括以下步骤：提供CBIR系统，其包括存储的数字视网膜摄影图像的存档和与视网膜摄影图像相对应的诊断的患者数据，所存储的图像每个索引在CBIR数据库中，使用多个特征向量，对应于所存储图像的不同描述特征的特征向量。获得患者视网膜的查询图像。使用图像处理，识别查询图像中的区域或结构。然后使用多个特征向量来描述区域或结构。基于与区域或结构的相似性，归档归档中的至少一个相关的存储图像，并且基于与相关的存储图像相关联的诊断的患者数据来诊断眼病或患者中具有视网膜表现的疾病，。

10. 发明授权

US07973276B2 Calibration method for video and radiation imagers 有权
标题翻译：视频和辐射成像仪的校准方法
公开(公告)号：US07973276B2
公开(公告)日：2011-07-05
申请号：US12511385
申请日：2009-07-29
申请人： Mark F. Cunningham , Lorenzo Fabris , Timothy F. Gee , James S. Goddard, Jr. , Thomas P. Karnowski , Klaus-peter Ziock
发明人： Mark F. Cunningham , Lorenzo Fabris , Timothy F. Gee , James S. Goddard, Jr. , Thomas P. Karnowski , Klaus-peter Ziock
IPC分类号： G01D18/00
CPC分类号： H01L27/14601 , G01V5/0075
摘要： The relationship between the high energy radiation imager pixel (HERIP) coordinate and real-world x-coordinate is determined by a least square fit between the HERIP x-coordinate and the measured real-world x-coordinates of calibration markers that emit high energy radiation imager and reflect visible light. Upon calibration, a high energy radiation imager pixel position may be determined based on a real-world coordinate of a moving vehicle. Further, a scale parameter for said high energy radiation imager may be determined based on the real-world coordinate. The scale parameter depends on the y-coordinate of the moving vehicle as provided by a visible light camera. The high energy radiation imager may be employed to detect radiation from moving vehicles in multiple lanes, which correspondingly have different distances to the high energy radiation imager.
摘要翻译：高能量辐射成像器像素（HERIP）坐标和真实x坐标之间的关系由HERIP x坐标和发射高能量辐射的校准标记的测量真实世界x坐标之间的最小二乘拟合确定成像器并反射可见光。在校准时，可以基于移动车辆的现实世界坐标来确定高能量辐射成像器像素位置。此外，可以基于真实世界坐标来确定用于所述高能辐射成像器的比例参数。比例参数取决于可见光摄像机提供的移动车辆的y坐标。高能量辐射成像器可用于检测多个通道中的移动车辆的辐射，其相应地具有与高能辐射成像器不同的距离。

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